Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Muir Woods National Monument: Final General Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement, Volume I

We are pleased to present this final General Management Plan for Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Muir Woods National Monument. The plan is the culmination of several years of effort involving the thoughtful input and participation of thousands of individuals, dozens of public agencies, and numerous outside organizations and stakeholder groups. This plan replaces the 1980 General Management Plan. That plan for a National Park in an Urban Area effectively guided the park for over three decades, and most of its major concepts have been fulfilled. A general management plan is a key document for any unit of the National Park System, because within the plan can be found the aspirations of those who care about the park, expressed as a framework that will direct and sustain more detailed implementation planning and guide management decisions over the next 20 years. The new plan for Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Muir Woods reflects the intent of Congress in establishing the parks, as well as the vast amount of knowledge about the parks\u27 exceptional natural and cultural resources that has been gained since 1980. The plan offers a vision of the park that accommodates its changing cultural and social landscape. It was developed in the context of the evolution in attitudes toward conservation and preservation that has occurred over the past three decades - as well as changing preferences in modes of transportation, recreation choices, and ways of experiencing parklands. The vision in this plan is predicated on partnership as an effective management approach, and will rely on the continued support of our partners, especially the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy. This park has become central to the life of the San Francisco Bay Area, and a destination for millions of people from elsewhere in the United States and around the world. Because of the way the park engages the community as visitors, stewards and advocates, it has become a model of success for park managers around the world

SWINE BRUCELLOSIS and human health

Swine brucellosis is caused by Brucella suis, a strain of bacteria which also cau ses human brucellosis, or undulant fever. T his disease is an imp 0 r tan t public health problem which affects thousands of farmers, livestock handlers, meat processors, and butchers .. The U. S. Department of Agriculture estimates that 6.15 percent of the 1.8 million swine herds in the Nation are infected with brucellosis. This represents about 131,000 in f e c ted herds on farms, where some 579,000 farm people come into daily c ontact with these herds. The infection rate among these rural persons varies considerably in different areas. The highest incidence of human brucellosis of swine origin is found in the major pork producing regions. In some areas the infection rate among hog producers is estimated to be as high as 20 percent. Brucellosis is also a health problem among livestock handlers who move swine and other animals from the farm to shipping points and to processors. The disease problem among persons processing pork has been of serious concern to public health authorities in the Midwest and Southeastern United States. The highest incidence of human infection has been found in those plants handling only swine. Veterinary and lay meat inspectors are other groups in which infection is frequently seen. The incidence of brucellosis among veterinarians has always been higher than in any other group. Attack rates in the past have exceeded 950 per 100,000 among rural practitioners (5)

Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Muir Woods National Monument: Final General Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement, Volume II

We are pleased to present this final General Management Plan for Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Muir Woods National Monument. The plan is the culmination of several years of effort involving the thoughtful input and participation of thousands of individuals, dozens of public agencies, and numerous outside organizations and stakeholder groups. This plan replaces the 1980 General Management Plan. That plan for a National Park in an Urban Area effectively guided the park for over three decades, and most of its major concepts have been fulfilled. A general management plan is a key document for any unit of the National Park System, because within the plan can be found the aspirations of those who care about the park, expressed as a framework that will direct and sustain more detailed implementation planning and guide management decisions over the next 20 years. The new plan for Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Muir Woods reflects the intent of Congress in establishing the parks, as well as the vast amount of knowledge about the parks\u27 exceptional natural and cultural resources that has been gained since 1980. The plan offers a vision of the park that accommodates its changing cultural and social landscape. It was developed in the context of the evolution in attitudes toward conservation and preservation that has occurred over the past three decades - as well as changing preferences in modes of transportation, recreation choices, and ways of experiencing parklands. The vision in this plan is predicated on partnership as an effective management approach, and will rely on the continued support of our partners, especially the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy. This park has become central to the life of the San Francisco Bay Area, and a destination for millions of people from elsewhere in the United States and around the world. Because of the way the park engages the community as visitors, stewards and advocates, it has become a model of success for park managers around the world

Multi-population comparison of resource exploitation by island foxes: implications for conservation

Imperiled island foxes are inherently resource-limited by their insular ecology. We examined food use on all 6 islands where they occur to assess resource exploitation patterns. Over 40 different food items were identified with item use varying among islands. Sixteen items occurred with ≥10% frequency in annual fox diets: deer mice, birds, lizards, beetles, beetle larvae, Jerusalem crickets, silk-spinning sand crickets, grasshoppers, earwigs, snails, and fruits of toyon, manzanita, prickly pear cactus, ice plant, Australian saltbush, and summer holly. Foxes used a diversity of food items with variations among islands attributable to island-specific availabilities. Deer mice in particular appeared to be preferred. Foxes also exhibited extensive use of non-native items, such as ice plant fruits, European snails, and earwigs, and foxes may even be dependent on these items on some islands. To increase food security and promote population stability, we recommend (1) continuing and enhancing habitat restoration efforts on all islands, (2) increasing the abundance of native items in association with any removals of non-native species used by foxes, and (3) monitoring annual trends in abundance of key food items as well as periodic monitoring of item use by foxes to determine functional responses to changes in item availability

Water-borne Fluoride and Cortical Bone Mass: A Comparison of Two Communities

This study investigated the relationship between cortical bone mass in an older female population and their ingestion of fluoride from community water supplies. The study was conducted among lifelong female residents in Lordsburg (3.5 ppm fluoride) and Deming (0.7 ppm fluoride), NM. A total of 151 postmenopausal women ranging in age from 39 to 87 years took part; 69 were residents of the optimal-fluoride community, while the remaining 82 were residents of the high-fluoride community. Although bivariate analyses showed no difference in cortical bone mass between women in the two communities, with multiple regression analyses, significant predictors of bone mass (p < 0.05) were weight, years since menopause, current estrogen supplementation, diabetes, and fluoride exposure status. Based on a model containing all of these variables, women living in the high-fluoride community had a bone mass ranging from 0.004 to 0.039 g/cm 2 less than that of similar women living in the optimum-fluoride community. These results suggest that lifelong ingestion of water containing 3.5 ppm fluoride, compared with water containing 0.7 ppm fluoride, does not increase cortical bone mass in women of similar age, weight, and menopausal status. Under the conditions of this study, cortical bone mass might be reduced in a high-fluoride area.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68177/2/10.1177_00220345900690060601.pd

EIG 21, Collection of Information on Highways, May 1959.

This Engineer Intelligence Guide was prepared to provide intelligence collection, processing, production, and dissemination guidance by the Chief of Engineers to elements of the Corps of Engineers. The Introduction contains a list of five key army manuals and documents related to transportation intelligence. This guide contains detailed instructions for gathering information about highways and bridges. It also contains extensive illustrations and a glossary of highway terms. The distribution list shows engineer-related organizations interested in engineer intelligence

EIG 21, Collection of Information on Highways, May 1959.

This Engineer Intelligence Guide was prepared to provide intelligence collection, processing, production, and dissemination guidance by the Chief of Engineers to elements of the Corps of Engineers. The Introduction contains a list of five key army manuals and documents related to transportation intelligence. This guide contains detailed instructions for gathering information about highways and bridges. It also contains extensive illustrations and a glossary of highway terms. The distribution list shows engineer-related organizations interested in engineer intelligence

Reproductive ecology of interior least tern and piping plover in relation to Platte River hydrology and sandbar dynamics

Historical and contemporary use of large, economically important rivers by threatened and/or endangered species in the United States is a subject of great interest to a wide range of stakeholders. In a recent study of the Platte River in Nebraska, Farnsworth et al. (2017) (hereinafter referred to as “the authors” or “Farnsworth et al.”) used distributions of nest initiation dates taken mostly from human-created, off-channel habitats and a model of emergent sandbar habitat to evaluate the hypothesis that least terns (Sternula antillarum) and piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) are physiologically adapted to initiate nests concurrent with the cessation of spring river flow rises. The authors conclude that (1) these species are not now, nor were they in the past, physiologically adapted to the hydrology of the Platte River, (2) habitats in the Platte River did not, and cannot support reproductive levels sufficient to maintain species subpopulations, (3) the gap in local elevation between peak river stage and typical sandbar height, in combination with the timing of the average spring flood, creates a physical environment which limits opportunities for successful nesting and precludes persistence by either species, and (4) the presence of off-channel habitats, including human-created sand and gravel mines, natural lakes, and a playa wetland, allowed the species to expand into the Platte River basin