ANALISI DELLE PRESCRIZIONI DI FARMACI ANTIEPILETTICI IN ITALIA NEGLI ULTIMI 4 ANNI

The marketing data collected by the Istituto Misurazioni Statistiche (IMS) were computed in order to evaluate the prescription of AEDs over the last four years. On average, 40% of patients are on monotherapy. Out of the total number of prescriptions, PB accounts for 41%, followed by CBZ (17%), VPA (11%) and fixed combinations (11%), while benzodiazepines account for 4% of prescriptions. The prevalence of epilepsy on pharmacological treatments, assessed on the basis of the DDD-method (defined-daily-doses) is 5.1%

Epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe and its prevention by available vaccines

Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE), which is caused by a Flavivirus, is the most common tick-transmitted disease in Central and Eastern Europe and Russia. Today, TBE is endemic in 27 European countries, and has become an international public health problem. The epidemiology of TBE is changing owing to various factors, such as improvements in diagnosis and case reporting, increased recreational activities in areas populated by ticks, and changes in climatic conditions affecting tick habitats. Vaccination remains the most effective protective measure against TBE for people living in risk zones, occupationally exposed subjects and travelers to endemic areas. The vaccines currently in use are FSME-Immun(\uae), Encepur(\uae), EnceVir(\uae) and TBE vaccine Moscow(\uae). The numerous studies performed on the efficacy and safety of these vaccines have shown a high level of immunogenicity and an excellent safety profile. Several studies have also shown a high level of cross-protection among strains belonging to different subtypes. In the present paper we attempted to describe the continuously changing epidemiology of TBE in European States and to overview clinical development of available vaccines paying particular attention on cross-protection elicited by the vaccines

Novel Simplified Blade Hub Line Optimization of High-Pressure Ratio Centrifugal Compressor Design Using Numerical Simulations

The focus of this research is to numerically investigate the effect of blade hub line variation on the performance (Total pressure-ratio and Isentropic-Efficiency) of centrifugal compressor from stall to choke to study the operating range and stall margin. An optimization technique is carried out in which the meridional profile hub line is modified and compared with the high Mach number SRV2 compressor designed and fabricated by DLR (German Aerospace Center). Numerical simulations showed significant increase in the stall margin and operating range by bargaining on pressure ratio and isentropic efficiency. Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) based k-ε model is used to predict turbulence using numerical simulations. The value of Y plus for the structured mesh near the boundaries is kept 35. Blade hub line being the important parameter, has substantial performance improvement of centrifugal compressor. The novel design improved the stall margin by 44 percent while operating range from stall to choke has been upgraded by 7.5 percent