The Relationship Between Strategic Decision-Making and Leadership Styles: An Application in 4 and 5-Star Hotels in Istanbul

The aim of this study is to define the relationship between leadership styles and strategic decision-making in hotel businesses. Datas are obtained by using questionnaire technique. The questionnaire is applied to general managers or executives who are effective in making decisions in hotel businesses. This study comprises four and five star hotel businesses that have tourism establishment certificates. Since the number of population used is not excrescence in the research, complete enumeration sampling method is used and data is obtained from 87 hotel businesses. Results reveal that four and five star hotel businesses in Istanbul have executives showing transformational leadership, paternalistic leadership, autocratic leadership and charismatic leadership styles. Leaders who have these leadership styles make strategic decisions aimed at innovation and change basic business strategies, intervene in conflict and risk taking. The existence of meaningful relavence among leadership styles with strategic decisionmaking is determined

Kapsaisin Katkılı Tris Sulandırıcı Kullanılarak Koç Spermasının Dondurularak Saklanması

In this study, it was designed to reveal the effects of capsaicin on oxidative stress and freezability of ram semen. Ejaculates were taken from Sönmez rams and divided into five specimens and diluted with extender at different rates (4 mM, 2 mM, 1 mM, 500 μM) with and without capsaicin (control; C). Semen samples were thawed with a 37°C water bath for 30 seconds for post-thawed analysis. At the end of the study, sperm motility and kinetic parameters, plasma membrane acrosome integrity (PMAI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA damage, oxidant and antioxidant parameters were analyzed. A decrease was observed in the groups containing capsaicin compared to the C in terms of progressive, total motility and kinetic parameters (p<0.05). Besides, positive results were not obtained DNA integrity, PMAI and MMP (p<0.05). In conclusion; it was determined that capsaicin added to Tris extender did not have a positive effect on oxidative stress and freezing of ram semen.Bu çalışmada, kapsaisinin oksidatif stres ve koç spermasının dondurulabilirliği üzerine etkilerinin ortaya konması tasarlandı. Ejakülatlar Sönmez ırkı koçlardan alınarak beş eşit kısma ayrıldı ve farklı oranlarda (4 mM, 2 mM, 1 mM, 500 μM) kapsaisin içeren ve içermeyen (kontrol) sulandırıcı ile sulandırıldı. Sperma örnekleri çözüm sonu spermatolojik analizler için 37°C sıcaklıklta 30 saniye süre ile çözdürüldü. Çalışma sonunda spermatozoa hareketliliği ve kinetik parametreleri, plazma membran akrozom bütünlüğü (PMAI), mitokondrial membran potansiyeli (MMP), DNA hasarı, oksidan ve antioksidan parametreler analiz edildi. Progresif, total motilite ve kinetik parametreler bakımından kontrol grubuna göre kapsaisin içeren guruplarda azalma görüldü (p<0.05). Ayrıca DNA bütünlüğü, PMAI ve MMP'de olumlu sonuçlar elde edilmedi (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak; Tris sulandırıcısına ilave edilen kapsaisinin, oksidatif stres ve koç spermasının dondurulması üzerine olumlu bir etki göstermediği belirlendi

Cell arrest and cell death in mammalian preimplantation development

The causes, modes, biological role and prospective significance of cell death in preimplantation development in humans and other mammals are still poorly understood. Early bovine embryos represent a very attractive experimental model for the investigation of this fundamental and important issue. To obtain reference data on the temporal and spatial occurrence of cell death in early bovine embryogenesis, three-dimensionally preserved embryos of different ages and stages of development up to hatched blastocysts were examined in toto by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In parallel, transcript abundance profiles for selected apoptosis-related genes were analyzed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Our study documents that in vitro as well as in vivo, the first four cleavage cycles are prone to a high failure rate including different types of permanent cell cycle arrest and subsequent non-apoptotic blastomere death. In vitro produced and in vivo derived blastocysts showed a significant incidence of cell death in the inner cell mass (ICM), but only in part with morphological features of apoptosis. Importantly, transcripts for CASP3, CASP9, CASP8 and FAS/FASLG were not detectable or found at very low abundances. In vitro and in vivo, errors and failures of the first and the next three cleavage divisions frequently cause immediate embryo death or lead to aberrant subsequent development, and are the main source of developmental heterogeneity. A substantial occurrence of cell death in the ICM even in fast developing blastocysts strongly suggests a regular developmentally controlled elimination of cells, while the nature and mechanisms of ICM cell death are unclear. Morphological findings as well as transcript levels measured for important apoptosis-related genes are in conflict with the view that classical caspase-mediated apoptosis is the major cause of cell death in early bovine development

Acromegaly and Pregnancy: Five New Cases

WOS: 000423949600009Pregnancy is a rare occurrence in acromegalic patients because of impaired fertility due to the disease. There are limited data available regarding pregnancy in acromegalic patients; although, it appears that the patients are usually able to carry their pregnancies to full term. In addition, certain metabolic effects of acromegaly need to be considered as they can be harmful to both mother and fetus. The discontinuation of the medical treatment is usually recommended as the effects of medical treatment are unclear. Herein, we report five new cases of pregnancies in acromegalic patients who had undergone surgery and medical treatment for macroadenoma, before the onset of pregnancy, from different centers. Two of them had received radiotherapy after the surgery. None of the patients in our study were treated for pregnancy; however, two of them were receiving octreotide when the diagnosis of pregnancy was established. The medical treatment of these two patients was discontinued at the beginning of pregnancy. Four patients delivered healthy babies, and therapeutic abortion was performed at the sixth week of pregnancy to one of the patients who was being treated with octreotide before the pregnancy. Out of the five patients in our study, two had pregestational diabetes and one had hypertension. As a conclusion, it can be said that pregnancy in acromegalic patients is usually uneventful without any treatment throughout the pregnancy

Comparative radiopacity of ceramics and metals with human and bovine dental tissues

Statement of problem. Ceramics should be radiopaque enough to be seen on radiographs and to be distinguishable from tooth structures. Information on the radiopacity of different ceramics used in restorative dentistry is limited

Sturge-Weber sendromlu dört olguda glokom muayenesi için anestezik yaklaşım: Olgu sunumu

Sturge-Weber sendromu (SWS) ender g&ouml;r&uuml;len n&ouml;rokutan&ouml;z bir hastalıktır. SWS&rsquo;lu &ccedil;ocuk hastalarda glokom sık g&ouml;r&uuml;lmektedir. Bu hastalarda glokom ameliyatı ve g&ouml;z muayenesi i&ccedil;in sık aralıklarla genel anestezi uygulanmaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda SWS olan glokomlu d&ouml;rt hastada preoperatif değerlendirme ve anestezi y&ouml;netimi tartışıldı. Anahtar kelimeler: Sturge-Weber sendromu, glokom, genel anestez