THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE CONNOTATION OF ANIMAL WORDS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE PROVERBS

Animals have been human’s companions from ancient times until now. Humans have observed them, understood their characteristics and even domesticated some species to serve them. People have considered animals as friend, servant or as a source of comfort and encouragement. The relationship with animals and the observation of them provide us with images and ideas as we speak and write. However, in different cultures, the same animal can symbolically express the same concept, or a totally different one. In this research, we will study and analyse a number of animal words in English-Vietnamese proverbs and compare the similarities and differences in their usage, thereby to form an interpretation and translation into English and Vietnamese proverbs accordingly.  Article visualizations

PERCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO SOBRE O APRENDIZADO DE VOCABULÁRIO DE INGLÊS ATRAVÉS DE JOGOS

Learning vocabulary is a crucial part of learning the English language. There are several methods that teachers might employ when teaching vocabulary to students, especially high school students. One of these methods is to teach vocabulary more efficiently by utilizing educational games. The investigation in this research focused on learning vocabulary in a high school. The research found students’ perspectives towards the games used to teaching and learning vocabulary to students at Binh Hung Hoa High School in Ho Chi Minh City. The participants were 120 students in Grade 10 and 11 who were between 16 and 17 years old, and all of them were nonnative speakers, and 10 teachers who are in charge of teaching in this school. The writer conducted a case research, questionnaire was delivered to the students at the end of the course to get their perspectives towards learning English vocabulary through games. Besides, 10 teachers were interviewed about using games in teaching English vocabulary. The study found that using educational games as a learning and teaching strategy with young students boosted information acquisition and retention and offered students a chance to understand how their learning was used in the real world. This is also simple and enjoyable for students, allowing them to get familiar with a few words without having to recall them word by word or grow bored. This research advises employing educational games in a more inventive way when teaching vocabulary to students.Aprender vocabulário é uma parte crucial do aprendizado da língua inglesa. Existem vários métodos que os professores podem empregar ao ensinar vocabulário aos alunos, especialmente alunos do ensino médio. Um desses métodos é ensinar vocabulário de forma mais eficiente, utilizando jogos educativos. A investigação desta pesquisa teve como foco a aprendizagem de vocabulário em uma escola de ensino médio. A pesquisa encontrou as perspectivas dos alunos em relação aos jogos usados para ensinar e aprender vocabulário para alunos da Binh Hung Hoa High School, na cidade de Ho Chi Minh. Os participantes foram 120 alunos do 10.º e 11.º anos com idades compreendidas entre os 16 e os 17 anos, todos não nativos, e 10 professores que lecionam nesta escola. O escritor realizou uma pesquisa de caso, questionário foi entregue aos alunos no final do curso para obter suas perspectivas sobre o aprendizado do vocabulário em inglês por meio de jogos. Além disso, 10 professores foram entrevistados sobre o uso de jogos no ensino de vocabulário em inglês. O estudo constatou que o uso de jogos educativos como estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem com jovens alunos impulsionou a aquisição e retenção de informações e ofereceu aos alunos a chance de entender como seu aprendizado foi usado no mundo real. Isso também é simples e agradável para os alunos, permitindo que eles se familiarizem com algumas palavras sem ter que relembrá-las palavra por palavra ou ficar entediados. Esta pesquisa aconselha o emprego de jogos educativos de forma mais inventiva no ensino de vocabulário aos alunos

HO CHI MINH’S THOUGHTS ABOUT THE INTELLIGENTSIA

Ho Chi Minh’s thoughts about the intelligentsia are one of the basic and significant components in the ideological system. In term of the intelligentsia, Ho Chi Minh began studying the characteristics, role and position in the revolution, construction and development of Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh said that if we desire to construct the country, we have to consider the training, appointment and development of the intelligentsia as the most crucial task. This idea does not only make contribution to the theoretical treasure about the intelligentsia in the world but also has its theoretical and practical meaning for the renewal process in Vietnam.  Article visualizations

HO CHI MINH’S THOUGHTS ABOUT TEACHING METHODS

It can be said that Ho Chi Minh’s thoughts about the teaching methods in an attempt to develop learners' capability are really comprehensive perspectives. In order to develop learners’ capability, Ho Chi Minh advocated to reform teaching methods in accord with each specific condition, as well as outlined the basic direction for human and educational development strategies at present and in the future. Ho Chi Minh’s ideas about innovative teaching methods have been greatly meaningful in reforming the education and training basically and completely.  Article visualizations

Aprimoramento das habilidades de leitura e formação: um estudo na Universidade de Khanh Hoa

O inglês para fins específicos (ESP) ganhou importância crescente ao longo dos anos devido à sua abordagem prática e direcionada ao aprendizado de idiomas. Ao se concentrar na comunicação dentro de domínios específicos ou contextos profissionais, o ESP capacita os alunos com habilidades de leitura para que tenham sucesso em seus campos escolhidos. O uso de atividades de tradução para aprimorar as habilidades de leitura é uma abordagem interessante. Compreender o estado atual das aulas de ESP na Universidade de Khanh Hoa (UKH) é uma etapa crucial para obter percepções valiosas sobre os pontos fortes e fracos da abordagem existente, permitindo melhorias direcionadas. A investigação das necessidades e da orientação de aprendizado dos alunos por meio de perguntas e escuta ativa é o principal objetivo que ajuda a adaptar as atividades de tradução de forma adequada. A personalização é fundamental para o aprendizado eficaz de idiomas, e essa abordagem provavelmente produzirá resultados positivos. O experimento planejado para avaliar o impacto das atividades de tradução nas habilidades de leitura em inglês dos alunos fornece evidência empírica da eficácia da metodologia de pesquisa. Ao comparar os resultados do experimento com os do grupo de controle, os autores podem medir o sucesso da abordagem e identificar áreas que precisam ser aperfeiçoadas. Avaliar a satisfação dos alunos e os benefícios que eles percebem com as atividades de tradução é essencial para medir o sucesso geral das aulas de ESP. Altos níveis de satisfação indicam engajamento e uma experiência de aprendizado positiva, enquanto as percepções dos alunos sobre os benefícios que obtêm podem ajudar a promover a abordagem para outros alunos em potencial. Portanto, a pesquisa aborda um aspecto fundamental do aprendizado de idiomas e suas descobertas podem contribuir significativamente para o campo da ESP. Ao se concentrar nas habilidades de leitura em contextos específicos, a abordagem se alinha bem com as necessidades reais dos alunos e tem implicações para os alunos de idiomas no UKH e em outros locais

Exploring the genetic diversity of Edwardsiella ictaluri in Vietnamese striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farms over a 20-year period

Since first being identified in 1999, disease outbreaks from Edwardsiella ictaluri remain a significant health challenge for the farmed catfish sector in Vietnam. To better understand the population structure of E. ictaluri circulating in Vietnamese striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farms, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of 83 E. ictaluri isolates recovered from natural disease outbreaks occurring in the Mekong Delta region between 2001 and 2021. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis resolved isolates into 15 pulsotypes following restriction digest with speI, with a Simpson’s diversity index of 0.8548. The genetic fingerprints of isolates recovered from recent outbreaks across different provinces were highly shared (100% similarity), suggesting clonal expansion within the production systems situated in the Mekong Delta region. Findings from this study also showed that E. ictaluri populations circulating this region have changed over time, as isolates recovered between 2001 and 2011 were genetically distinct from those recovered after 2017. Furthermore, isolates recovered after 2004 and 2010 lacked the virulence gene traD and a 5.8 Kb plasmid DNA fragment, respectively. Findings from this study illustrate the need for continued epidemiological monitoring of E. ictaluri to ensure prevention and treatment strategies in the Vietnamese striped catfish sector remain robust and effective

Breast and Prostate Cancer Risks for Male BRCA1 and BRCA2 Pathogenic Variant Carriers Using Polygenic Risk Scores

Background: Recent population-based female breast cancer and prostate cancer polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been developed. We assessed the associations of these PRS with breast and prostate cancer risks for male BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Methods: 483 BRCA1 and 1318 BRCA2 European ancestry male carriers were available from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). A 147-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prostate cancer PRS (PRSPC) and a 313-SNP breast cancer PRS were evaluated. There were 3 versions of the breast cancer PRS, optimized to predict overall (PRSBC), estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (PRSER-), or ER-positive (PRSER+) breast cancer risk. Results: PRSER+ yielded the strongest association with breast cancer risk. The odds ratios (ORs) per PRSER+ standard deviation estimates were 1.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] =1.07 to 1.83) for BRCA1 and 1.33 (95% CI = 1.16 to 1.52) for BRCA2 carriers. PRSPC was associated with prostate cancer risk for BRCA1 (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.28 to 2.33) and BRCA2 (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.34 to 1.91) carriers. The estimated breast cancer odds ratios were larger after adjusting for female relative breast cancer family history. By age 85 years, for BRCA2 carriers, the breast cancer risk varied from 7.7% to 18.4% and prostate cancer risk from 34.1% to 87.6% between the 5th and 95th percentiles of the PRS distributions. Conclusions: Population-based prostate and female breast cancer PRS are associated with a wide range of absolute breast and prostate cancer risks for male BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. These findings warrant further investigation aimed at providing personalized cancer risks for male carriers and informing clinical management.Peer reviewe

Factors affecting calcining temperatures of BZT–BCT ceramics

Piezoelectric ceramic 0.48Ba[Zr0.2Ti0.8]O3 – 0.52[Ba0.7Ca0.3]TiO3 (BZT–BCT) with nanostructure was manufactured with traditional ceramic technology. The nanostructure and the sintering aid reduce the calcining temperature from 1250 to 1170 °C and the sintering temperature from 1450 to 1350 °C. The piezoelectric properties of BZT–BCT at the optimal calcining and sintering temperature are discussed in detail

Investigation of Fucoidan–oleic acid conjugate for delivery of Curcumin and Paclitaxel

Nanoparticles for a specific delivery are likely to be designed for cancer therapeutic effectiveness and improvement. In this study, a fucoidan-oleic acid conjugate was prepared and investigated in terms of loading capacity for poorly water-soluble anti-cancer drugs to maximize effectiveness of the treatment. Fucoidan was used as a hydrophilic portion of an amphiphilic structure for improving cancer therapeutic effects. Paclitaxel and curcumin were chosen as other model drugs loaded in the conjugates. The results showed that self-assembled nanoparticles with different sizes and morphologies could be prepared with two different concentrations of oleic acid as hydrophobic portion. Moreover, loading efficiency and release patterns of these drugs were mainly dependent on the hydrophobic interaction between drugs and oleic acid. It was also revealed that fucoidan and curcumin were released higher at pH 4.5 than at the physiological condition (pH 7.4), thus, facilitating the delivery and maximizing effects of the anticancer agents on cancer cells. On the contrary, paclitaxel from fucoidan nanoparticles was released faster at pH 7.4. The exploration of fucoidan–oleic acid conjugate could be considered as promising nanomedicines for cancer therapeutics