Evaluación del desempeño mecánico del mármol sintético basado en materiales compuestos poliéster – carbonato de calcio

RESUMEN: Los materiales compuestos basados en resinas de poliéster y carbonato de calcio son promisorios para la sustitución del mármol natural en varias aplicaciones tales como instalaciones sanitarias y decorativas. En el presente trabajo se evaluó las propiedades mecánicas de materiales compuestos de resina poliéster con diferentes contenidos de carbonato de calcio (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 y 30%). Se encontró que existe una estrecha dependencia entre la composición de las muestras y sus propiedades de resistencia a la tracción. Se determinó que a contenidos de carbonato de calcio superiores al 15% el material es completamente rígido. Alrededor de esta concentración se encuentra el límite de percolación mecánica del relleno en este tipo de materiales compuestos. La resistencia al impacto incrementó con la adición de relleno aun a concentraciones superiores a su límite de percolación, lo cual puede deberse a que la ruptura de la red de relleno absorbe parte de la energía que suministra el impacto.ABSTRACT: Composite materials based on polyester resin and calcium carbonate are promissory for the substitution of natural marble in several applications such as sanitary and decorative usage. In this work, the mechanical performance of composite materials of polyester with different calcium carbonate loads (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 wt%) were evaluated. A close relationship between the composition of the samples and their traction resistance properties was found. It was determined that at calcium carbonate contents higher than 15 wt% the material is completely stiff. Around this composition the mechanical percolation threshold is reached for this of composite materials. The impact resistance increased with the addition of filler even at concentrations lower than the percolation threshold, which could be due to fact that breaking down the filler network absorbs part of the energy applied to induce the rupture

¡Si me dieran lo de la reparación! Personas mayores víctimas del conflicto armado: reparación integral desde el enfoque diferencial.

El presente libro da cuenta del resultado de una investigación adelantada con personas mayores víctimas de conflicto armado que se encuentran en la ciudad de Bogotá y adelantan sus procesos para ser reparados de manera integral por el Estado. En ese sentido, se muestran elementos fundamentales alrededor de la temática que orientan mecanismos legales de carácter nacional e internacional que permiten atender y darle respuesta a esta problemática. Por otro lado, el libro posibilita conocer algunas afectaciones socio-culturales, económicas y políticas que causan el flagelo del desplazamiento forzado en la población

Promoción de competencias emocionales para educadores sociales. Nuevas demandas, mejores profesionales

Memoria ID-176. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2018-2019

Evaluación por pares y heteroevaluación en un proyecto de creación de materiales para la divulgación científica enfermera

[EN] Peer evaluation is an evaluation strategy that allows meaningful learning. In this experience, a project for the creation of informative material has been proposed, evaluated by peers through a rubric and with quantitative and qualitative return of the assessment to the creators of the material. Once the subject creation project was completed, an evaluation was carried out by teaching staff outside the project in order to verify the coherence of both evaluations. The results have shown that the students carry out a more benevolent evaluation than the teachers, but both controls were coherent in the continuous evaluation of learning. We can say that the use of the rubric as a peer assessment tool is useful and brings benefits to learning, but it is necessary to identify a criterion that allows resolving the differences observed in the results issued by students and teachers.[ES] La evaluación por pares es una estrategia de evaluación que permite un aprendizaje significativo. En esta experiencia se ha planteado un proyecto de creación de material divulgativo, evaluado por pares mediante una rúbrica y con devolución cuantitativa y cualitativa de la valoración a los creadores del material. Finalizado el proyecto de creación de materia, se realizó una evaluación por personal docente ajeno al proyecto con la finalidad de comprobar la coherencia de ambas evaluaciones. Los resultados han mostrado que el alumnado realiza una evaluación más benevolente que los docentes, pero ambos controles fueron coherentes en la evaluación continua del aprendizaje. Podemos decir que el uso de la rúbrica como herramienta de evaluación entre iguales es útil y aporta beneficios al aprendizaje, pero es necesario identificar un criterio que permita resolver las diferencias observadas en los resultados emitidos por estudiantes y docentes.García-Martínez, P.; García Molina, P.; Ruiz Oliva, E.; Buck Sainz-Rocas, P.; González Blazquez, F.; Trujillo Barberá, S.; Castro Calvo, J.... (2023). Evaluación por pares y heteroevaluación en un proyecto de creación de materiales para la divulgación científica enfermera. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 367-375. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2023.2023.1655536737

Reflexión Política. Volumen 3 No. 6 de 2001

Este texto concierne al gradual esfuerzo de los pueblos para ajustar su vida social a normas tutelares que le deparen estabilidad y sosiego. Cada pueblo ha vivido una evolución, a veces más acelerada, otras más lenta, para lograr la institucionalidad regida mediante una Constitución. El constitucionalismo ha cimentado el principio de legalidad, cuyos frutos maduros han sido la libertad, la igualdad ante la ley, la justicia y la paz para nutrir la vida democrática que hoy es anhelo de los pueblos que conocen sus reglas y confían en su estructura. El proceso de constitucionalización del Estado ha significado la consolidación de los regímenes de garantías sociales y libertades públicas.This text concerns the gradual effort of people to adjust their social life to protective norms that provide stability and peace. Each town has experienced an evolution, sometimes more accelerated, other times slower, to achieve institutionality governed by a Constitution. Constitutionalism has cemented the principle of legality, whose ripe fruits have been freedom, equality before the law, justice and peace to nourish the democratic life that today is the desire of the people who know its rules and trust its structure. The process of constitutionalization of the State has meant the consolidation of regimes of social guarantees and public freedoms

Effectiveness of a strategy that uses educational games to implement clinical practice guidelines among Spanish residents of family and community medicine (e-EDUCAGUIA project):A clinical trial by clusters

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias FIS Grant Number PI11/0477 ISCIII.-REDISSEC Proyecto RD12/0001/0012 AND FEDER Funding.Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been developed with the aim of helping health professionals, patients, and caregivers make decisions about their health care, using the best available evidence. In many cases, incorporation of these recommendations into clinical practice also implies a need for changes in routine clinical practice. Using educational games as a strategy for implementing recommendations among health professionals has been demonstrated to be effective in some studies; however, evidence is still scarce. The primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a teaching strategy for the implementation of CPGs using educational games (e-learning EDUCAGUIA) to improve knowledge and skills related to clinical decision-making by residents in family medicine. The primary objective will be evaluated at 1 and 6months after the intervention. The secondary objectives are to identify barriers and facilitators for the use of guidelines by residents of family medicine and to describe the educational strategies used by Spanish teaching units of family and community medicine to encourage implementation of CPGs. Methods/design: We propose a multicenter clinical trial with randomized allocation by clusters of family and community medicine teaching units in Spain. The sample size will be 394 residents (197 in each group), with the teaching units as the randomization unit and the residents comprising the analysis unit. For the intervention, both groups will receive an initial 1-h session on clinical practice guideline use and the usual dissemination strategy by e-mail. The intervention group (e-learning EDUCAGUIA) strategy will consist of educational games with hypothetical clinical scenarios in a virtual environment. The primary outcome will be the score obtained by the residents on evaluation questionnaires for each clinical practice guideline. Other included variables will be the sociodemographic and training variables of the residents and the teaching unit characteristics. The statistical analysis will consist of a descriptive analysis of variables and a baseline comparison of both groups. For the primary outcome analysis, an average score comparison of hypothetical scenario questionnaires between the EDUCAGUIA intervention group and the control group will be performed at 1 and 6months post-intervention, using 95% confidence intervals. A linear multilevel regression will be used to adjust the model. Discussion: The identification of effective teaching strategies will facilitate the incorporation of available knowledge into clinical practice that could eventually improve patient outcomes. The inclusion of information technologies as teaching tools permits greater learning autonomy and allows deeper instructor participation in the monitoring and supervision of residents. The long-term impact of this strategy is unknown; however, because it is aimed at professionals undergoing training and it addresses prevalent health problems, a small effect can be of great relevance. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02210442.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19

Deciphering the quality of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response associated with disease severity, immune memory and heterologous response

SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response has been associated with disease severity, immune memory and heterologous response to endemic coronaviruses. However, an integrative approach combining a comprehensive analysis of the quality of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response with antibody levels in these three scenarios is needed. In the present study, we found that, in acute infection, while mild disease was associated with high T-cell polyfunctionality biased to IL-2 production and inversely correlated with anti-S IgG levels, combinations only including IFN-γ with the absence of perforin production predominated in severe disease. Seven months after infection, both non-hospitalised and previously hospitalised patients presented robust anti-S IgG levels and SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response. In addition, only previously hospitalised patients showed a T-cell exhaustion profile. Finally, combinations including IL-2 in response to S protein of endemic coronaviruses were the ones associated with SARS-CoV-2 S-specific T-cell response in pre-COVID-19 healthy donors’ samples. These results could have implications for protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and recurrent COVID-19 and may help for the design of new prototypes and boosting vaccine strategies.NIH (contract to AS, DW), Grant/AwardNumber: 75N9301900065; “Contratación de Personal Investigador Doctor”supported by the European Social Fund and Junta de Andalucía (PAIDIDOCTOR- Convocatoria 2019-2020 toFJO, SB); Instituto de Salud Carlos III,Fondos FEDER. ERM was supported bythe Spanish Research Council (CSIC);Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades Junta de Andalucía (research project to ERM), Grant/AwardNumber: CV20-85418; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en SIDA, whichis included in the Acción Estratégica en Salud, Plan Nacional de InvestigaciónCientífica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, 2008 to 2011 and 2013 to 2016,Grant/Award Numbers: RD16/0025/0020,RD16/0025/0026; Consejeria de Salud Junta de Andalucia (Research contract toJV), Grant/Award Number:RH-0037-2020; Instituto de Salud CarlosIII (PI19/01127 to ERM, CP19/00159 toAGV, FI17/00186 to MRJL, FI19/00083 toCGC, CM20/00243 to APG andCOV20/00698 to support COHVID-GS)Peer reviewe

Description of SARS-CoV-2 T-cell polyfunctionality features

SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response has been associated with disease severity, immune memory and heterologous response to endemic coronaviruses. However, an integrative approach combining a comprehensive analysis of the quality of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response with antibody levels in these three scenarios is needed. In the present study we found that, in acute infection, while mild disease was associated with high T-cell polyfunctionality biased to IL-2 production and inversely correlated with anti-S IgG levels, combinations only including IFN-gamma; with absence of perforin production predominated in severe disease. Seven months after infection, both non-hospitalized and previously hospitalized patients presented robust anti-S IgG levels and SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response. In addition, only previously hospitalized patients showed a T-cell exhaustion profile. Finally, combinations including IL-2 in response to S protein of endemic coronaviruses, were the ones associated with SARS-CoV-2 S-specific T-cell response in pre-COVID-19 samples from healthy donors. These results have implications for protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and recurrent COVID-19 and may help for the design of new prototypes and boosting vaccine strategies.Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades Junta de Andalucia (research Project CV20-85418) (ERM) NIH contract 75N9301900065 (AS, DW) Consejeria de Salud Junta de Andalucia (Research Contract RH-0037-2020 to JV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP19/00159 to AGV, FI17/00186 to MRJL, FI19/00083 to CGC, CM20/00243 to APG and COV20/00698 to support COHVID-GS) Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en SIDA (RD16/0025/0020; RD16/0025/0026), which is included in the Acción Estratégica en Salud, Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, 2008 to 2011 and 2013 to 2016 Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondos FEDER. ERM was supported by the Spanish Research Council (CSIC). “Contratación de Personal Investigador Doctor” supported by the European Social Fund and Junta de Andalucía (PAIDI DOCTOR- Convocatoria 2019-2020). (FJO, SB).N

Voluntariado en Acción Catálogo de iniciativas de voluntariado Centros de Educación para el Desarrollo.

Este catálogo compila todas las iniciativas de voluntariado que enmarcan y orientan las acciones de más de dos mil voluntarios anuales que aportan con su tiempo y conocimiento al fortalecimiento de las comunidades, sus organizaciones sociales y comunitarias que trabajan decididamente para construir una mejor sociedad. Durante los últimos tres años hemos apostado por el fortalecimiento de esta estrategia generando nuevas modalidades, diversos escenarios para el desarrollo del voluntariado, capacitando a los 19 líderes y los voluntarios en las sedes, siempre bajo la profunda convicción de que el mundo se puede cambiar cuando mucha gente pequeña, en lugares pequeños, haciendo cosas pequeñas, logran tocar la vida de las personas que más lo necesitan