An Evaluation of the Louisiana Boys Athletic Association with Suggestions for Improvement

Sie material presented in this thesis is the result of a study of state high school athletic associations through their bulletins, pamphlets, and handbooks, in which thirty- five states are represented; of the handbook of the National Federation of State High School, Athletic Associations; of contacting present and former Louisiana High School Athletic Association officials; and of books found in the library of the Louisiana State University. The study is divided Into six parts which deal with the history of the Louisiana Association, the functions of an athletic association, the comparison of the Louisiana Association with associations In other states, the organization of the athletic association under the state physical education department, the value of the athletic coach, and conclusions and recommendations. According to authorities the desired athletic association should strive toward a better education of the individual through activities. Sports properly conducted can accomplish some of the important aims of education, the nearest approach to the ideal, would be an association that was sponsored by the physical education department

Concurrent Sessions A: Passage Effectiveness Monitoring in Small Streams III - Fish Passage Analysis Through Circular Culverts in Northeast Ohio: Identifying the Design Parameters Linked With Passage Success

Following a previous study (Baral et al., 2012), a detailed investigation incorporating field observations and more fish species has been carried out in Northeast Ohio to determine the percentage of culverts that act as barriers for fish passage and to identify the design parameters that can be associated with passage success. After a desk study and field visits, 55 culverts were chosen from an inventory of 5,837 culverts provided by the Ohio Department of Transportation for further analysis of passage success in FishXing and HEC-RAS. The results from FishXing analysis suggest that out of the 54 culverts analyzed, 11% are partial barriers and 89% are complete barriers. The analysis in HEC-RAS shows that out of the 40 culverts analyzed, 55% are partial barriers and 45% are complete barriers. The additional morphological data used by HEC-RAS models resulted in discrepancies in the computed velocities and depths between the programs which in turn resulted in the different predictions of complete barriers and partial barriers. Student’s t-tests (p \u3c 0.05) showed that the difference in the average perched height between partial barriers and complete barriers was significant for the output of both FishXing and HEC-RAS. An additional analysis was carried out in FishXing for two species by changing culvert design parameters independently so as to examine the effect of changing those parameters on passage success. The alteration of culvert parameters included increasing diameter, decreasing length, decreasing slope, increasing Manning’s roughness, and embedding the culverts with gravel substrate (n = 0.04). For greenside darter, embedding the culverts resulted in an additional 36% of culverts being partial barriers and had a greater impact on increasing passage success compared to varying other design parameters. Similar analysis for largemouth bass exhibited a less noticeable difference. Further analysis and discussion will be presented

Development, testing and demonstration of a portable submersible miniature particle imaging velocimetry device

A portable underwater particle image velocimetry (PIV) device has been developed, tested and demonstrated. The underwater PIV uses a 532 nm battery-powered 90 mW continuous laser. The laser beam is pulsed via a camera-synchronized chopper wheel. Images were recorded using a 1 megapixel black and white 10-bit CCD battery-powered camera controlled via a PCMCIA frame grabber card connected to a laptop computer. The system was validated against a standard laboratory PIV for average velocities up to 15 cm s−1 downstream from a 1.6 cm circular cylinder. The average vorticities calculated between the two systems were similar with a maximum difference of 3.6%. The average velocities were also similar with the largest difference occurring at the slowest flow recorded (difference of 0.5 cm s−1), resulting in a 9.4% difference. The maximum eddy size was comparable between the two systems with an average error of 4%. The system was field tested in the Huron River, Michigan downstream from a 1.2 cm diameter submerged limb. Mean velocities and standard deviations were comparable to acoustic Doppler velocimeter data. This paper presents the first published subsurface PIV data from a fluvial environment, demonstrating potential applications for a number of ecological and geomorphological studies.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/58132/2/mst7_8_031.pd

DOES THE NUMBER OF YEARS OF WORK IN HIGHER EDUCATION RELATE TO FACULTY PERCEPTIONS OF ASSESSMENT CULTURE?

The goal of this quantitative study was to examine if Time as a Faculty Member as an independent variable had an effect on the dependent variables (a) Focus on Student Learning; (b) Fear or Distrust of Assessment; (c) Benefits of Assessment; (d) Clarity of Assessment Leadership; (e) Use of Assessment Data; and (f) Sharing Assessment Results. This study used a linear regression to determine if the independent variable could predict any of the dependent variables. In this study, p values were reported and interpreted for statistical significance, effect sizes (R2) were reported and used to assist in determining whether data are useful beyond statistically. Although p values were low, the effect size (R2) was large enough to indicate the independent variable, Time as a Faculty Member had an effect on the majority of the dependent variables. Further, discussion on the use of the results of this study include ways in which assessment leaders can address training both early- and latter-career faculty and suggestions for additional research

Corner and sloped culvert baffles improve the upstream passage of adult European eels (Anguilla anguilla)

Installation of baffles intended to improve fish passage through culverts can reduce discharge capacity and trap debris, increasing flood risk. A sloping upstream face may reduce this risk, but new designs must be tested for fish passage efficiency. The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is a critically endangered species, yet the suitability of even common baffle types to aid upstream movement has not been tested. This study compared the water depth, velocity, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and upstream passage performance of adult yellow-phase eels, between three 6 m long culvert models: smooth and unmodified (control); containing corner baffles (treatment 1); and with prototype sloped baffles installed (treatment 2). Passage of individual fish was assessed during 25 one-hour trials per model. Performance was quantified as entrance efficiency, number of entries per fish, passage efficiency, and overall efficiency. Total and passage delay, and successful passage time were also evaluated. Despite some individuals being able to swim against unexpectedly high water velocities (>1.5 m s?1 for 4 m), passage performance in the control was poor, with an overall efficiency of 28%. Compared to the control, both treatments increased the mean centreline water depth by approximately 0.11 m, created heterogeneous flow conditions with low velocity resting areas, and reduced maximum velocities. As a result, entrance rate and all efficiency parameters were higher for the treatments than for the control (overall efficiency = 84%), despite longer passage delay. The TKE was slightly higher in treatment 2 than 1, but there was no difference in water depth or overall efficiency. The findings show that both corner and sloped baffles can mitigate for impeded upstream adult eel movement. The extent to which the sloping upstream face will improve debris transport should be explored further

Turbulence in Rivers

The study of turbulence has always been a challenge for scientists working on geophysical flows. Turbulent flows are common in nature and have an important role in geophysical disciplines such as river morphology, landscape modeling, atmospheric dynamics and ocean currents. At present, new measurement and observation techniques suitable for fieldwork can be combined with laboratory and theoretical work to advance the understanding of river processes. Nevertheless, despite more than a century of attempts to correctly formalize turbulent flows, much still remains to be done by researchers and engineers working in hydraulics and fluid mechanics. In this contribution we introduce a general framework for the analysis of river turbulence. We revisit some findings and theoretical frameworks and provide a critical analysis of where the study of turbulence is important and how to include detailed information of this in the analysis of fluvial processes. We also provide a perspective of some general aspects that are essential for researchers/ practitioners addressing the subject for the first time. Furthermore, we show some results of interest to scientists and engineers working on river flows

Session B3 - Assessing Fish Passage through Culverts in Midwest Streams: Identifying Design Parameters that Correlate with Passage Success

Fish connectivity analyses on the East and West coasts of the United States have traditionally focused on studying the passage of salmonid species through culverts. Such studies have not been conducted for the Midwest region, where it has generally been assumed that there is not a major migration/connectivity problem. A study has been carried out to investigate the percentage of culverts in Northeast Ohio that are barriers to a range (10 different species) of endemic fish species. Further, the design parameters that correlate to passage success in Midwest fish species are also being studied. A database of 5,837 highway culverts was made available by the Ohio Department of Transportation, out of which 90 were chosen for analysis based on the presence of fish species and the possibility of extracting all necessary information for analysis. Regional databases were used along with GIS to obtain refined data of stream morphology, discharge, and slope which was then used as input to carry out the study using the FishXing software. Fish passage through culverts was analyzed at four different flows – minimum average monthly flow (usually September), maximum average monthly flow (Usually March), 2 year high flow, and 25% low flow. The results of the study have shown that 23 culverts were partial barriers for fish passage, meaning they allowed passage for some fish species under certain flow conditions. The remaining 67 culverts were complete barriers to all fish species under all flow conditions. It was noted that the ratio of partial barriers to complete barriers was higher in interstate routes as opposed to highway routes. This could be for a number of reasons including differing design standards or differences in local hydrology around I-80. It was also discovered that the average slope in the partial barrier culverts was significantly (student’s t-test, p \u3c 0.05) lower (0.6%) than the average slope in the complete barrier culverts (1.6%). Culvert diameter and length were not significantly different between complete and partial barriers. Additional results discussing causal factors for fish passage through culverts in Midwest streams will be presented. It is expected that the results will provide a clearer view about the true extent of the connectivity problem in Northeast Ohio and will prompt policy discussions. The analysis method presented is expected to be easily replicable for any region or watershed