CONSERVACIÓN Y RESTAURACIÓN DE LOS MOSAICOS DE LOS BAÑOS DE LA REINA DE CALPE

Las excavaciones llevadas a cabo en el yacimiento romano "Baños de la Reina" de Calpe, entre 1996 y 1998 sacaron a la luz una interesante área residencial del siglo II-III d.C., con pavimentos de mosaico opus tessellatum y opus sectile. En 2005 se comenzaron los trabajos de restauración sobre los pavimentos para su conservación in situPasies Oviedo, T. (2008). CONSERVACIÓN Y RESTAURACIÓN DE LOS MOSAICOS DE LOS BAÑOS DE LA REINA DE CALPE. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/13175Archivo delegad

L’ús d’imants com a alternativa a la col·locació de nou suport en pintura mural arqueològica

Al laboratori de restauració del Museu de Prehistòria de València hem realitzat la intervenció d’uns fragments de pintura mural recuperats de l’excavació de la Vil·la Cornelius a L’Ènova (València), amb la finalitat que formessin part d’una exposició temporal inaugurada el novembre de l’any 2013. El disseny d’un mètode d’ancoratge mitjançant imants ha suposat la investigació i aplicació d’un sistema d’exposició que intentés respectar els criteris de reversibilitat i mínima intervenció

El empleo de imanes como alternativa a la colocación de nuevo soporte en pintura mural arqueológica

[ES] En el laboratorio de restauración del Museo de Prehistoria de Valencia hemos realizado la intervención de unos fragmentos de pintura mural recuperados de la excavación de la Villa Cornelius en L¿Ènova (Valencia), con el fin de que formaran parte de una exposición temporal inaugurada en noviembre de 2013. El diseño de un método de anclaje mediante imanes ha supuesto la investigación y aplicación de un sistema de exposición que intentara respetar los criterios de reversibilidad y mínima intervención.[Otros] Al laboratori de restauració del Museu de Prehistòria de València hem realitzat la intervenció d¿uns fragments de pintura mural recuperats de l¿excavació de la Vil·la Cornelius a L¿Ènova (València), amb la finalitat que formessin part d¿una exposició temporal inaugurada el novembre de l¿any 2013. El disseny d¿un mètode d¿ancoratge mitjançant imants ha suposat la investigació i aplicació d¿un sistema d¿exposició que intentés respectar els criteris de reversibilitat i mínima intervenció.Nuestras palabras de agradecimiento a la directora del Museo de Prehistoria de Valencia, Helena Bonet, al archivo del propio museo y, en especial a los comisarios de la exposición, Rosa Albiach, Elisa García-Prosper y Aquilino Gallego, así como al arqueólogo de Xàtiva Angel Velasco. También agradecer al Máster en Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, en el marco del cual se presentó este trabajo de investigación. Agradecimiento además a los profesionales Mª Amparo Peiró, Carolina Mai e Irene Rodríguez, que de una u otra manera han colaborado en este proyecto.Pasies-Oviedo, T.; Zincone, P.; Regidor Ros, JL. (2018). L'ús d'imants com a alternativa a la col·locació de nou suport en pintura mural arqueològica. UNICUM. (17):15-24. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/168621S15241

Enhancing the mechanical features of clay surfaces by the absorption of nano-SiO2 particles in aqueous media. Case of study on Bronze Age clay objects

[EN] Nanoparticles are known to be able to enhance the performance of low dense materials, achieving the small intergranular spaces to further interact with the matrix. In this work, a consolidation treatment of an ancient clay material is reported. It is based on the use of silica nanoparticles dispersed in an aqueous medium as a more sustainable approach than those currently used in the conservation field. The effective consolidation has been determined by ensuring an appropriate mechanical surface resistance using the nanoindentation technique as non-destructive measurements. Moreover, the ability of SiO(2 )nanoparticles to fill the microstructure is studied by scanning electron microscopy. As a case report, several low-strength clay fragments dated from the Bronze Age were surface treated with a commercial aqueous suspension of SiO2 nanoparticles that were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) displaying dimensions of about 20 nm in diameter. Field Emission Electron Microscopy (FESEM) revealed that nanoparticles filled the inter-granular spaces of the clay, leading to a nanostructured material. The nanoindentation results showed an increase in surface resistance against scratching. Meanwhile, the nanohardness and elastic modulus increased 10 times (from 15 to 150 MPa) and 8 times (from 1 to 8 GPa), respectively due to the nano-SiO2 treatment, confirming the consolidation effect of the nanoparticles.Authors acknowledge the financial support of Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MAT2014-59242-C2-1-R. Authors also acknowledge the support of Helena Bonet, Director of the Prehistory Museum of Valencia and Ma Jesus de Pedro, conservator of this Museum, and to the Photographic Archive Department. M.P. Arrieta wishes to thank the financial support of MINECO for a Juan de la Cierva (FJCI-2014-20630) contract.Rayón, E.; Arrieta, MP.; Pasies -Oviedo, T.; López-Martínez, J.; Jorda Moret, JL. (2018). Enhancing the mechanical features of clay surfaces by the absorption of nano-SiO2 particles in aqueous media. Case of study on Bronze Age clay objects. Cement and Concrete Composites. 93:107-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.07.005S1071179

Estudio arqueométrico de maravedís de Felipe IV (1660-1664)

"La presente investigación está fnanciada con el proyecto I+D: “Aplicación de las técnicas nanoelectroquímicas y biotecnologías en el estudio y conservación del CTQ2014-53736-C3 cofnanciado con fondos FEDER adscrito al Programa estatal de fomento de la investigación científca y técnica de excelencia, subprograma estatal de generación del conocimiento, MINECO (2015-2017). Los autores agradecen la colaboración de Dr. José Luis Moya y Manuel Planes, técnicos responsables del Servicio de Microscopía Electrónica de la Universitat Politècnica de València y a Manuel Gozalbes, conservador del Museu de Prehistòria de Valènciapatrimonio en metal” Referencia:"Álvarez-Romero, C.; Domenech Carbo, A.; Domenech Carbo, MT.; Pasies-Oviedo, T.; Buendía Ortuño, MDM. (2017). Estudio Arqueométrico de Maravedís de Felipe IV (1660-1664). SAGVNTVM (Online). 49:235-239. https://doi.org/10.7203/SAGVNTVM.49.109122352394

Dating of Archaeological Gold by Means of Solid State Electrochemistry

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Doménech Carbó, Antonio, Scholz, Fritz , Domenech Carbo, Mª Teresa, Piquero-Cilla, Juan , Montoya, Noemí, Pasies -Oviedo, Trinidad, Gozalbes, Manuel , Melchor Montserrat, José Manuel , Oliver, Arturo . (2018). Dating of Archaeological Gold by Means of Solid State Electrochemistry.ChemElectroChem, 5, 15, 2113-2117. DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800435 , which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201800435. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving[EN] In archaeology and history of art, age determination is a fundamental analytical problem. While several techniques for age determination of various materials, like radiocarbon dating, are established, these methods cannot be applied for metals, for which new techniques have to be developed. For the first time a dating method for archaeological gold objects is described which is based on a corrosion clock and electrochemical measurements, using the voltammetry of immobilized particles. Samples are prepared by one touch' with a graphite pencil, only transferring a few nanograms of the archaeological gold. The method has been calibrated with the help of a series of well-documented gold specimen from different prehistory museums covering the last 2600years. Our results prove that this corrosion clock is going on a constant pace, practically independent of the environment, making it most attractive for applications in archaeometry.Projects CTQ2014-53736-C3-1-P and CTQ2014-53736-C3-2-P, which are supported with Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF) funds, as well as project CTQ2017-85317-C2-1-P supported with funds from, MINECO, ERDF and Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) are gratefully acknowledged. The authors also wish to thank Dr. Jose Luis Moya Lopez, Mrs. Alicia Nuez Inbernon and Mr. Manuel Planes Insausti (Microscopy Service of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia) and M. Teresa Minguez and Clara Yebenes (Seccion de Microscopia del SCSIE, Universitat deValencia) for technical support.Doménech Carbó, A.; Scholz, F.; Domenech Carbo, MT.; Piquero-Cilla, J.; Montoya, N.; Pasies -Oviedo, T.; Gozalbes, M.... (2018). Dating of Archaeological Gold by Means of Solid State Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem. 5(15):2113-2117. https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.201800435S2113211751

Identification of vegetal species in wooden objects using in situ microextraction-assisted voltammetry of microparticles

[EN] A method for identifying vegetal species in wooden objects using microextraction-assisted voltammetry of microparticles is described. The proposed methodology, aimed at facilitating tasks of patrimony conservation, is based on the recording of the voltammetric response of microparticulate films of compounds resulting from microextraction with organic solvents (ethanol, acetone, and chloroform) of micro- or sub-microsamples of wood in contact with aqueous buffers. Upon application of bivariate and multivariate chemometric techniques, the obtained voltammetric responses led us to identify different taxonomic groups from the characteristic voltammetric profiles. Application to a series of samples of wooden objects of cultural heritage of different European and American provenances dated to ca. 375¿ 350 BC and to historical periods, namely 14th and 17¿19th centuries, is describedFinancial support from the MICIN Projects CTQ2014-53736-C3-1-P and CTQ2014-53736-C3-2-P, which are also supported with ERDF funds, is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks to the Museum of Prehistory of Valencia, especially to the director Helena Bonet.Domenech-Carbo, A.; Domenech Carbo, MT.; Ferragud-Adam, X.; Ortiz-Miranda, AS.; Montoya, N.; Pasies -Oviedo, T.; Peiró-Ronda, MA.... (2017). Identification of vegetal species in wooden objects using in situ microextraction-assisted voltammetry of microparticles. Analytical Methods. 9(13):2041-2048. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ay00323dS2041204891

Analytical study of waterlogged ivory from the Bajo de la campana site (Murcia, Spain)

[EN] This work reports an analytical study conducted prior to the conservation intervention of a collection of elephant tusks excavated from a wreck site of a 600-500 BC Phoenician trading vessel in Bajo de la campana (Murcia, Spain). The conservation state of ivory, determined by prolongated immersion in a marine environment, was established by a multi-technique methodology: light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy X-ray microanalysis (FESEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analyses demonstrated that the structure and composition of both tusk parts, namely the inner ivory and outer cementum, were altered due to characteristic diagenetic processes of a marine environment. Ca enrichment was observed in both tusk parts, which gave higher Ca/P molar ratio values than for ideal hydroxyapatite. Mg leaching was observed, together with uptake of exogenous elements (F, Cl, Si, Al, S, Na, Fe, Cu, Sr, Pb, Sn, Ag, V, Ni, Cd and Zn), which were prevalently identified in the external tusk part. Uptake of S and Fe was associated with the neoformation of pyrite framboids. The high carbonate content measured by FTIR, which agreed with the higher Ca/P ratios found in the archaeological tusk, was ascribed to the carbonate substitution of phosphate groups (type-B) in the bioapatite accompanied by some authigenic calcium carbonate that infilled ivory. An increased degree of crystallinity was observed when comparing the values of several crystallinity indices found in the archaeological bioapatite with those of a modern tusk, used as the reference material. Increased crystallinity prevalently took place in the cementurn. In accordance with increased crystallinity, the HPO42- content index indicated that the hydrated layer of bioapatite nanocrystals diminished in the archaeological tusk, and prevalently in the cementum. All these changes correlated with the significant organic matter loss reported for the archaeological tusk. Interestingly, remaining collagenous matter noticeably altered with enrichment in glycine and depletion in acid amino acids. Changes in the secondary structure of proteins were also recognised and associated with collagen gelatinisation. In addition to proteinaceous materials, small amounts of long-chain fatty acids, monoglycerides and cholesteryl oleate were identified by GC-MS. Cholesteryl oleate was associated with blood, which could have precipitated at the time of specimen death. The identification of large amounts of pyrite framboids and the high oleic acid/palmitic acid ratio in the archaeological tusk suggested minimal oxidative degradation processes, probably due to the slightly anoxic conditions of the underwater Bajo de la campana site environment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The authors wish to thank CITES Espana and Direccion General de Bienes Culturales y Ensenanzas Artisticas, de la Consejeria de Educacion, Cultura y Universidades de la Comunidad Autonoma de la Region de Murcia, Museo Nacional de Arqueologia Subacuatica. Financial support is gratefully acknowledged from Spanish "I + D + I MINECO" projects CTQ2011-28079-CO3-01 and 02 and CTQ2014-53736-C3-1-P supported by ERDEF funds. The authors also wish to thank Mr. Manuel Planes and Dr. Jose Luis Moya, technical supervisors of the Electron Microscopy Service of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Domenech Carbo, MT.; Buendía Ortuño, MDM.; Pasies Oviedo, T.; Osete Cortina, L. (2016). Analytical study of waterlogged ivory from the Bajo de la campana site (Murcia, Spain). Microchemical Journal. 126:381-405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2015.12.022S38140512

Review of archaeological treatments for cleaning mural painting. Elimination of carbonate concretions

Gran parte de los hallazgos de pintura mural arqueológica se producen en excavaciones terrestres, hecho que condiciona el estado de conservación en el que se encuentran. Es común, en objetos procedentes de un ambiente de enterramiento alcalino, la formación en superficie de costras carbonaticos compactas y tenaces, en mayor o menor medida, que impiden su correcta visualización, circunstancia especialmente negativa en el caso de una obra pictórica. El presente artículo recoge un estudio realizado acerca de diversos tratamientos de limpieza destinados a la eliminación de estas concreciones carbonaticas. Dicho estudio ha consistido en una revisión teórica bibliográfica del tema y en la realización de un supuesto practico, experimentando y comparando varios tratamientos seleccionados, en una probeta creada para este fin.A good deal of the findings of archaeological mural paintings are in land excavations, a factor which conditions the state of repair in which these are found. The formation of compact and stubborn carbonate crusts on the surface of objects proceeding from an alkaline underground atmosphere is commonly found. These prevent the objects proper visualization, something which is particularly negative in the case of a pictorial work. This article covers a study made on different cleaning treatments intended for the elimination of these carbonate concretions. The study consisted of a theoretical bibliographic review of the matter and the execution of a practical example, experimenting and comparing several selected treatments on a test piece created for this purpose.Del Ordi Castilla, B.; Regidor Ros, JL.; Pasies Oviedo, T. (2010). Revisión de tratamientos de limpieza de pintura mural arqueológica. Eliminación de concreciones carbonáticas. Arché. (4-5):73-80. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3052573804-