83 research outputs found
Status of water use and potential of rainwater harvesting for replacing centralized supply system in remote mountainous areas: a case study.
The failure of the centralized water supply system forced XY community to become more dependent on uncertain and unstable water sources. The results of surveying 50 households showed that 89.18% of total households depended on water collected from rivers, which contributed 58.3% of the total water volume used for the domestic demands. The average water volume consumed was 19.5 liters/person/day (l/p/d), and 86.5% of households used more than one source; 13.5% of households collected water only from rivers, and 45.94% of families had rainwater harvesting (RWH) for their activities (domestic water demand); however, RWH only provided 9.9% of total water consumption. In this study, basic methods were applied to calculate the storage tanks necessary to balance the water deficit created by drought months. Three levels of water demand (14, 20, and 30 l/p/d) can be the best choices for RWH; for a higher demand (40 and 60 l/p/d), small roof area (30-40 m2), and many people (six to seven) per family, RWH might be impractical because of unsuitable rainfall or excessively large storage tanks
Energy and macronutrient intakes in preschool children in urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Background: An increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has been documented in preschool children in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. However, little is known about what preschool children in HCMC eat or how well their nutrient intake meets nutrient recommendations. This study aims to describe the energy and macronutrient intake and compare these nutrient intakes with the recommendations for Vietnamese children aged four to five years. Methods: The data comes from the baseline measurement of a one year follow-up study on obesity in 670 children attending kindergartens in HCMC. Dietary information for each child at the school and home settings was collected using Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs), by interviewing teachers and parents or main caregivers. The average energy and nutrient intake in a day was calculated. The proportion of children with energy intake from macronutrients meeting or exceeding the recommendations was estimated based on the 2006 recommended daily allowance (RDA) for Vietnamese children in this age group. Results: The dietary intake of the participants contained more energy from protein and fat, particularly animal protein and fat, and less energy from carbohydrates, than the RDA. Most children (98.1%) had mean energy intake from protein greater than the recommended level of 15%, and no child obtained energy from animal fat that was in accordance with the recommendation of less than 30% of the total fat intake. Nearly one half of children (46.5%) consumed less than the advised range of mean energy intake from carbohydrate (60%–70%). Conclusion: In this preschool child population in HCMC, in which obesity is emerging as major public health problem, there is an imbalance in dietary intake. Healthy eating programs need to be developed as a part of an obesity prevention program for young children in HCMC
Household food insecurity, diet, and weight status in a disadvantaged district of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
Complete genome characterization of two wild-type measles viruses from Vietnamese infants during the 2014 outbreak
A large measles virus outbreak occurred across Vietnam in 2014. We identified and obtained complete measles virus genomes in stool samples collected from two diarrheal pediatric patients in Dong Thap Province. These are the first complete genome sequences of circulating measles viruses in Vietnam during the 2014 measles outbreak
Genome sequences of a novel Vietnamese bat bunyavirus
To document the viral zoonotic risks in Vietnam, fecal samples were systematically collected from a number of mammals in southern Vietnam and subjected to agnostic deep sequencing. We describe here novel Vietnamese bunyavirus sequences detected in bat feces. The complete L and S segments from 14 viruses were determined
Observation of Two New Excited Ξb0 States Decaying to Λb0 K-π+
Two narrow resonant states are observed in the Λb0K-π+ mass spectrum using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb-1. The minimal quark content of the Λb0K-π+ system indicates that these are excited Ξb0 baryons. The masses of the Ξb(6327)0 and Ξb(6333)0 states are m[Ξb(6327)0]=6327.28-0.21+0.23±0.12±0.24 and m[Ξb(6333)0]=6332.69-0.18+0.17±0.03±0.22 MeV, respectively, with a mass splitting of Δm=5.41-0.27+0.26±0.12 MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the Λb0 mass measurement. The measured natural widths of these states are consistent with zero, with upper limits of Γ[Ξb(6327)0]<2.20(2.56) and Γ[Ξb(6333)0]<1.60(1.92) MeV at a 90% (95%) credibility level. The significance of the two-peak hypothesis is larger than nine (five) Gaussian standard deviations compared to the no-peak (one-peak) hypothesis. The masses, widths, and resonant structure of the new states are in good agreement with the expectations for a doublet of 1D Ξb0 resonances
Precise determination of the B-s(0)-B-s(-0) oscillation frequency
Mesons comprising a beauty quark and a strange quark can oscillate between
particle (B0s) and antiparticle (B0s) flavour eigenstates, with a frequency
given by the mass difference between heavy and light mass eigenstates, deltams.
Here we present ameasurement of deltams using B0s2DsPi decays produced in
proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron
Collider. The oscillation frequency is found to be deltams = 17.7683 +- 0.0051
+- 0.0032 ps-1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second
systematic. This measurement improves upon the current deltams precision by a
factor of two. We combine this result with previous LHCb measurements to
determine deltams = 17.7656 +- 0.0057 ps-1, which is the legacy measurement of
the original LHCb detector.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2021-005.html (LHCb
public pages
Search for the doubly heavy baryons Omega(0)(bc) and Xi(0)(bc) decaying to Lambda(+)(c)pi(-) and Xi(+)(c)pi-
Abstract available from publisher's website
Search for time-dependent violation in and decays
A search for time-dependent violation of the charge-parity symmetry in and decays is performed at the LHCb experiment using proton-proton collision data recorded from 2015 to 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb. The meson is required to originate from a decay, such that its flavour at production is identified by the charge of the accompanying pion. The slope of the time-dependent asymmetry of the decay rates of and mesons into the final states under consideration is measured to be , , where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. These results are compatible with the conservation of the charge-parity symmetry at the level of 2 standard deviations and improve the precision by nearly a factor of two
Effects of Mucoadhesive Polymers on Released Particles and Drug Release in Solid Lipid Particle-Based Buccal Tablets
Background: Mucoadhesive polymers play a critical role in controlled release tablets for buccal drug delivery.Objective: This research aimed to investigate the characterization and mechanisms of solid lipid particle-based tablets with differentmucoadhesive polymers for buccal delivery.Methods: Prednisolone (PSL)-loaded solid lipid particles (SLPs) were conventionally prepared by ultrasonication. The freeze-dryingmethod was used to convert the SLP suspension into a solid dosage form for buccal delivery by using mucoadhesive polymers.Results:All formulations showed over 80% drug release after 6 h, which followed immediate and sustained release patterns depending onthe SLP type. However, the different polymers in the formulations resulted in different mucoadhesion times and drug release and drugpermeability profiles. HPMC 4000 showed higher drug permeation (3327 μg vs. 2589 μg after 6 h) but a shorter mucoadhesion time thanCarbopol (197 min vs. 361 min). In addition, surface morphology, swelling and erosion, particle size and zeta potential were also noted forthe different mechanisms for buccal tablet design with different controlled release profiles.Conclusion:The results of this work indicate a good strategy for the selection of mucoadhesive polymers for SLP-based tablets inimproving the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.</jats:sec
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