Analisis Brand Equity Pada Produk Sepatu Sport Di Online Shop

This study aims to to analyze brand awareness ,brand association, perception of the qualities ( perceived quality and their brand loyalty) of their products shoes sport in online shop. The population of the study are all customers shoes sport in online shop on students FEB Muhammadiyah University Surakarta. The research sample this is 100 customers shoes sport in online shop on students FEB Muhammadiyah University Surakarta. The research sample this is 100 customers shoes sport in online shop on students FEB Muhammadiyah University Surakarta. Analysis of data was undertaken with an analysis brand equity consisting of the trial differensial, semantic scale cochran, test Importance-Performance Analysis ( IPA) brand switching his patterns and the matrix. Based on the research done be seen that a brand that to be top of mind through to the customer is nike brand, sport shoes that was followed by the adidas brand, reebok and brands other. sport shoesBased on measurements on brand perceived quality got that third, sport that is nike branded shoes adidas, and reebok not substantially.These feelings are reflected in an average rate of approaching the same for all attributes the lab test.But the attribute of being the highest value in the eyes of customers for the third out to reposition the brand is on an attribute availability.In the form of associations asosociation brand products shoes sport is their prices affordable save to use high in quality, as well as ease of getting this product in a shop online. The results of brand loyalty of all three branded shoes sport can be determined with manifest to all customers loyal with the buy benar-benar kebiasaaan because that can be identified with a pattern of a pembeliannya. beruntunan together Keywords: awareness , association, perceptions and loyalt

Component digestibility of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and pea (Pisum sativum) seeds and effects on the small intestine and body organs in anastomosed and intact growing pigs.

Thirty-six male growing pigs were used to compare the component digestibility of legume seeds and the impact of diets and ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA) on the morphology and enzyme activities of intestinal mucosa. The pigs were fed a control (C) diet based on casein or a diet in which 60% of crude protein (CP) was supplied by blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) (L) or pea (Pisum sativum) (P) seeds. Coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of organic matter (OM), CP and gross energy (GE) was lower in the L diet compared to the control diet. The pea-based diet presented intermediate CTTAD values of OM and GE. Coefficient of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) of OM and GE was lower in the legume-containing diets than with C. No significant differences were found for the CIAD of CP There was a significant interaction between diet and IRA for villus height in the jejunum and crypt width in the ileum. Duodenal and jejunal crypt width was lower in the pigs fed the legume-containing diets compared to controls. The diet influenced the specific activity of most intestinal enzymes at various sites along the small intestine. Anastomosed pigs had higher spleen and small intestine weights and lower large intestine weights as compared to intact pigs. IRA influenced intestinal villus and crypt architecture but it had no significant effect on the activities of intestinal enzymes. (Résumé d'auteur

Opening a new window to other worlds with spectropolarimetry

A high level of diversity has already been observed among the planets of our own Solar System. As such, one expects extrasolar planets to present a wide range of distinctive features, therefore the characterisation of Earth- and super Earth-like planets is becoming of key importance in scientific research. The SEARCH (Spectropolarimetric Exoplanet AtmospheRe CHaracerisation) mission proposal of this paper represents one possible approach to realising these objectives. The mission goals of SEARCH include the detailed characterisation of a wide variety of exoplanets, ranging from terrestrial planets to gas giants. More specifically, SEARCH will determine atmospheric properties such as cloud coverage, surface pressure and atmospheric composition, and may also be capable of identifying basic surface features. To resolve a planet with a semi major axis of down to 1.4AU and 30pc distant SEARCH will have a mirror system consisting of two segments, with elliptical rim, cut out of a parabolic mirror. This will yield an effective diameter of 9 meters along one axis. A phase mask coronagraph along with an integral spectrograph will be used to overcome the contrast ratio of star to planet light. Such a mission would provide invaluable data on the diversity present in extrasolar planetary systems and much more could be learned from the similarities and differences compared to our own Solar System. This would allow our theories of planetary formation, atmospheric accretion and evolution to be tested, and our understanding of regions such as the outer limit of the Habitable Zone to be further improved.Comment: 23 pages, accepted for publication in Experimental Astronom

Transport properties of nitrogen doped p‐gallium selenide single crystals

Nitrogen doped gallium selenide single crystals are studied through Hall effect and photoluminescence measurements in the temperature ranges from 150 to 700 K and from 30 to 45 K, respectively. The doping effect of nitrogen is established and room temperature resistivities as low as 20 Ω cm are measured. The temperature dependence of the hole concentration can be explained through a single acceptor‐single donor model, the acceptor ionization energy being 210 meV, with a very low compensation rate. The high quality of nitrogen doped GaSe single crystals is confirmed by photoluminescence spectra exhibiting only exciton related peaks. Two phonon scattering mechanisms must be considered in order to give quantitative account of the temperature dependence of the hole mobility: scattering by 16.7 meV A′1 homopolar optical phonons with a hole‐phonon coupling constant g2=0.115 and scattering by 31.5 meV LO polar phonon with a hole Fröhlich constant αh⊥[email protected]

Chemical combination effects predict connectivity in biological systems

Efforts to construct therapeutically useful models of biological systems require large and diverse sets of data on functional connections between their components. Here we show that cellular responses to combinations of chemicals reveal how their biological targets are connected. Simulations of pathways with pairs of inhibitors at varying doses predict distinct response surface shapes that are reproduced in a yeast experiment, with further support from a larger screen using human tumour cells. The response morphology yields detailed connectivity constraints between nearby targets, and synergy profiles across many combinations show relatedness between targets in the whole network. Constraints from chemical combinations complement genetic studies, because they probe different cellular components and can be applied to disease models that are not amenable to mutagenesis. Chemical probes also offer increased flexibility, as they can be continuously dosed, temporally controlled, and readily combined. After extending this initial study to cover a wider range of combination effects and pathway topologies, chemical combinations may be used to refine network models or to identify novel targets. This response surface methodology may even apply to non-biological systems where responses to targeted perturbations can be measured

Inhibition of PKC activity blocks the increase of ET(B )receptor expression in cerebral arteries

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that there is a time-dependent upregulation of contractile endothelin B (ET(B)) receptors in middle cerebral arteries (MCA) after organ culture. This upregulation is dependent on mitogen-activated protein kinases and possibly protein kinase C (PKC). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of PKC inhibitors with different profiles on the upregulation of contractile ET(B )receptors in rat MCA. Artery segments were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. To investigate involvement of PKC, inhibitors were added to the medium before incubation. The contractile endothelin-mediated responses were measured and real-time PCR was used to detect endothelin receptor mRNA levels. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate the ET(B )receptor protein distribution in the MCA and Western blot to measure which of the PKC subtypes that were affected by the inhibitors. RESULTS: The PKC inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide I, Ro-32-0432 and PKC inhibitor 20–28 attenuated the ET(B )receptor mediated contractions. Furthermore, Ro-32-0432 and bisindolylmaleimide I decreased ET(B )receptor mRNA levels while PKC inhibitor 20–28 reduced the amount of receptor protein on smooth muscle cells. PKC inhibitor 20–28 also decreased the protein levels of the five PKC subtypes studied (α, βI, γ, δ and ε). CONCLUSION: The results show that PKC inhibitors are able to decrease the ET(B )receptor contraction and expression in MCA smooth muscle cells following organ culture. The PKC inhibitor 20–28 affects the protein levels, while Ro-32-0432 and bisindolylmaleimide I affect the mRNA levels, suggesting differences in activity profile. Since ET(B )receptor upregulation is seen in cerebral ischemia, the results of the present study provide a way to interfere with the vascular involvement in cerebral ischemia

Axl/Gas6/NFκB signalling in schwannoma pathological proliferation, adhesion and survival.

TAM family receptor tyrosine kinases comprising Tyro3 (Sky), Axl, and Mer are overexpressed in some cancers, correlate with multidrug resistance and contribute to tumourigenesis by regulating invasion, angiogenesis, cell survival and tumour growth. Mutations in the gene coding for a tumour suppressor merlin cause development of multiple tumours of the nervous system such as schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas occurring spontaneously or as part of a hereditary disease neurofibromatosis type 2. The benign character of merlin-deficient tumours makes them less responsive to chemotherapy. We previously showed that, amongst other growth factor receptors, TAM family receptors (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) are significantly overexpressed in schwannoma tissues. As Axl is negatively regulated by merlin and positively regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4DCAF1, previously shown to be a key regulator in schwannoma growth we hypothesized that Axl is a good target to study in merlin-deficient tumours. Moreover, Axl positively regulates the oncogene Yes-associated protein, which is known to be under merlin regulation in schwannoma and is involved in increased proliferation of merlin-deficient meningioma and mesothelioma. Here, we demonstrated strong overexpression and activation of Axl receptor as well as its ligand Gas6 in human schwannoma primary cells compared to normal Schwann cells. We show that Gas6 is mitogenic and increases schwannoma cell-matrix adhesion and survival acting via Axl in schwannoma cells. Stimulation of the Gas6/Axl signalling pathway recruits Src, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and NFκB. We showed that NFκB mediates Gas6/Axl-mediated overexpression of survivin, cyclin D1 and FAK, leading to enhanced survival, cell-matrix adhesion and proliferation of schwannoma. We conclude that Axl/FAK/Src/NFκB pathway is relevant in merlin-deficient tumours and is a potential therapeutic target for schwannoma and other merlin-deficient tumours

Facilitation of AMPA Receptor Synaptic Delivery as a Molecular Mechanism for Cognitive Enhancement

A small peptide from a neuronal cell adhesion molecule enhances synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and results in improved cognitive performance in rats

Relations between C9orf72 expansion size in blood, age at onset, age at collection and transmission across generations in patients and presymptomatic carriers

A (GGGGCC) n repeat expansion in C9orf72 gene is the major cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The relations between the repeats size and the age at disease onset (AO) or the clinical phenotype (FTD vs. ALS) were investigated in 125 FTD, ALS, and presymptomatic carriers. Positive correlations were found between repeats number and the AO (p < 10 e−4 ) but our results suggested that the association was mainly driven by age at collection (p < 10 e−4 ). A weaker association was observed with clinical presentation (p = 0.02), which became nonsignificant after adjustment for the age at collection in each group. Importantly, repeats number variably expanded or contracted over time in carriers with multiple blood samples, as well as through generations in parent-offspring pairs, conversely to what occurs in several expansion diseases with anticipation at the molecular level. Finally, this study establishes that measure of repeats number in lymphocytes is not a reliable biomarker predictive of the AO or disease outcome in C9orf72 long expansion carriers