Radiative corrections to the three-body region of the Dalitz plot of baryon semileptonic decays with angular correlation between polarized emitted baryons and charged leptons: The initial-baryon rest frame case

We complement the results for the radiative corrections to the s2.l angular correlation of baryon semileptonic decays of Ref. [1] with the final results in the rest frame of the decaying baryon.Comment: 7 pages, Revtex4, no figure

Productive Efficiency in Agriculture: Corn Production in Mexico

Using a stochastic production frontier model and data for 2002 from a representative sample of Mexican rural households, in this paper we first study empirically whether or not small and medium farmers produce corn efficiently. The results show that corn production is inefficient, nation-wide and for both commercial and subsistence farmers. Our findings also show that this is even more so for subsistence producers and for the Center and the South-southeast regions of rural Mexico. In addition, we find that subsistence farmers use less prod uctive inputs (seeds and agrochemicals) with respect to commercial farmers. Based on these results, we then apply a regression model to inquire about the factors explaining inefficiency. We get that farmers facing natural disasters, that produce corn for subsistence using diverse seed varieties of the grain in plots with less than 1 hectare and indigenous, are more inefficient than other farmers. The results also indicate that households located in communities with marketing facilities and that have benefited from infrastructural investments, produce corn in a less inefficient manner. The detailed nature of the data used allows us to have results that differentiate rural regions as well as commercial and subsistence corn producers, and hence, to suggest focalized policies for rural development.Crop Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis,

Destrezas del personal de salud en el manejo del Censo Gerencial en la atencion Prenatal, parto, purperio y Postnatal en el centro de atencion Ruben Dariode Ciudad Dario, Matagalpa año

Según la OMS en el año (2015), el cuido del embarazo en forma temprana, periódica e integral disminuye sustancialmente el peligro de complicaciones y muertes tanto maternas como perinatales. Las destrezas del personal de salud en el llenado de la boleta del Censo Gerencial son de vital importancia para brindar una atención eficiente a las gestantes, puérperas y postnatales con calidad y calidez , en base a la normativa 101 que el Ministerio de Salud ha implementado para evitar complicaciones durante el embarazo y así disminuir muertes maternas-perinatales. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la destreza del personal de salud en el manejo del Censo Gerencial en la atención prenatal, en el parto, en el puerperio y posnatal, en el puesto de salud Rubén Darío, Ciudad Darío, Matagalpa, año 2017. Se aplicaron guías de observaciones para constatar el conocimiento que el personal de salud tiene en el llenado correcto de la boleta del censo gerencial, verificando las acciones de prevención y búsqueda que ejecutan en el puesto de salud. Se observó deficiencia en la mayoría de las boletas del Censo Gerencial en el uso y manejo correcto, teniendo mayor dificultad en los datos de afiliación. Se evidencio que el personal de salud no realiza las actividades completas en las atenciones prenatales, obteniendo como resultado insatisfactorio. Se llegó a la conclusión que el personal de salud de este puesto tiene conocimiento conceptual y utilidad de la boleta del Censo gerencial, pero no está cumpliendo con el llenado completo de est

Eye drop Self-medication: Comparative Questionnaire-based study of two Latin American cities.

A broad spectrum of ocular symptoms are treated by self-medication with commercial eye-drops.  This behavior threatens individuals' visual health. In Latin America, evidence is poor. Objective:  To  detect,  characterize  and  compare  patterns  of  ophthalmic  self-medication  between  Córdoba (Argentina) and Barranquilla (Colombia).Design:  Analytic, cross-sectional and comparative population-based study. Setting: Two private tertiary care ophthalmology centers from Córdoba, Argentina, and Barranquilla, Colombia.Participants:  Patients 18 years of age or older who consulted for the first time in this two institutions duringAugust-November 2009, were included. A number of 570 patients were enrrolled.Methods:  Data collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. Main outcome measure: To determine thefrequency of self-medication with eyedrops on a specific population of two cities in Latin America.Results:  Comparable  rates  of  ocular  self-medication  were  found  (25.6%  and  25.7%  for  Cordoba  and Barranquilla, respectively). The percentage of men and women who self-medicated was not significantly different between both samples. The major source of eye drops recommendation in the Argentineans patients was the pharmacist (31%); while the social source was predominant in Colombian individuals (53%). In Cordoba, the most frequently used product was a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drop in combination with a vasoconstrictive agent (32%); while in Barranquilla, antibiotic eye drops were preferred (33%). Self-medication was higher between the ages of 31 and 50 years old in Argentinean citizens (28%) and between 18 to 31 years old in the Colombiancommunity (39%). This habit was found mostly in patients who completed university studies in Cordoba (33%); in Barranquilla, individuals with lower educational level practice more this behavior (36%).Conclusion:  In both populations, patients commonly treat ocular conditions by self-medicating. Currently, anincreasing number of eye drops are obtainable without prescription and a high percentage of self-medicated patients in both samples ignore the possible side effects of the used medication.Fil: Marquez, Gabriel. Fundación VER; ArgentinaFil: Hildegard Piñeros-Heilbron. Fundación Oftalmológica del Caribe; ColombiaFil: Sanchez, Victoria M.. Fundación VER; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Victor Eduardo Roque. Fundación VER; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Gramajo, Ana L.. Fundación VER; ArgentinaFil: Juarez, Claudio P.. Fundación VER; Argentina. Fundación Oftalmológica del Caribe; ColombiaFil: Peña, Fernando. Fundación Oftalmológica del Caribe; ColombiaFil: Luna, José D.. Fundación VER; Argentin

Gender- and hydration-associated differences in the physiological response to spinning

UniveIntroduction: There is scarce and inconsistent information about gender-related differences in the hydration of sports persons, as well as about the effects of hydration on performance, especially during indoor sports. Objective: To determine the physiological differences between genders during in indoor physical exercise, with and without hydration. Methods: 21 spinning sportspeople (12 men and 9 women) participated in three controlled, randomly assigned and non-sequential hydration protocols, including no fluid intake and hydration with plain water or a sports drink (volume adjusted to each individual every 15 min), during 90 min of spinning exercise. The response variables included body mass, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure. Results: During exercise without hydration, men and women lost ~2% of body mass, and showed higher body temperature (~0.2°C), blood pressure (~4 mmHg) and heart rate (~7 beats/min) compared to exercises with hydration. Body temperature and blood pressure were higher for men than for women during exercise without hydration, differences not observed during exercise with hydration. Between 42-99% of variance in body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate could be explained by the physical characteristics of subjects and the work done. Conclusions: During exercise with hydration (either with water or sport drink), the physiological response was similar for both genders. Exercise without hydration produced physical stress, which could be prevented with either of the fluids (plain water was sufficient). Gender differences in the physiological response to spinning (body temperature, mean blood pressure and heart rate) can be explained in part by the distinct physical characteristics of each individual. (Nutr Hosp. 2014;29:644-651) DOI:10.3305/nh.2014.29.3.701

Evaluation of the Effect of 1,3-Bis(4-Phenyl)-1H-1,2,3- Triazolyl-2-Propanolol on Gene Expression Levels of JAK2–STAT3, NF-jB, and SOCS3 in Cells Cultured from Biopsies of Mammary Lesions

El presente artículo es el resultado de la evaluación del efecto de un bistriazol mediante la expresión génica de JAK2, STAT3, SOCS3 y NF-κB, vías involucradas en lesiones benignas de mama posiblemente dependiente del índice de masa corporal, dando así una relación entre el cáncer y obesidad. En este estudio se calculó la concentración inhibitoria 50 del bistriazol en cultivos celulares de pacientes con lesión benigna (Probit = 4.6 μM con IC= 95 %). En 63 mujeres que acudieron a realizarse biopsia en el Hospital Materno Perinatal "Mónica Pretellini Sáenz", 21 fueron con cáncer, se les tomaron medidas antropométricas y biopsia de la lesión en mama, en la cual se determinó expresión génica y se realizó cultivo celular con el bistriazol a la concentración de 4.6 μM. Se encontró que el cáncer de mama está relacionado con edad mayor de 50 años (P≤ 0.01), sobrepeso (P≤ 0.023) y circunferencia cintura mayor de 80 cm (P≤ 0.01). La expresión génica de JAK2, STAT3 y NF-κB fue mayor en el grupo de pacientes con cáncer en cuanto que SOCS3 resultó ser menor. La expresión después de haber sido sometida al bistriazol, disminuyó la expresión de JAK2 y STAT3, aumentó la expresión de SOCS3 y de NF-κB. Se concluye que esta molécula en desarrollo tiene efecto en la expresión génica de JAK2 y STAT3. Sin embargo, la vía de expresión NF-κB no esta marcadamente involucrada en la regulación de la inflamación.Breast cancer is the most frequent neoplasia in women and is responsible for approximately 13.8% of deaths per year for this gender. It has been suggested that JAK2, STAT3, and NF-κB gene expression is involved in this type of cancer. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of bistriazole in these signaling pathways in patients with breast cancer and benign mammary lesions. The inhibitory concentration 50 of bistriazole was calculated in cell cultures of patients with benign lesions, Probit = 4.6 μM with IC = 95%. The study was performed by examining 63 women who submitted to mammary biopsies. Biopsies of the mammary lesions were performed, gene expression was determined, and cells were cultured in the presence of 4.6 μM bistriazole. We found that breast cancer is related to age greater than 50 (P ≤ 0.01), being overweight (P ≤ 0.023) and having a waist circumference larger than 80 cm (P ≤ 0.01). The gene expression of JAK2, STAT3, and NF-κB was higher in groups of patients with breast cancer, while SOCS3 expression was lower. After being exposed to bistriazole, the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 decreased, and the expression of SOCS3 and NF-κB increased. In conclusion, this molecule in development has an effect on the gene expression of JAK3 and STAT3; nevertheless, the lack of change in NF-κB indicates that it is not a regulator of inflammation, and therefore, more studies should be performed

Fanconi anemia cells with unrepaired DNA damage activate components of the checkpoint recovery process

International audienceBACKGROUND:The FA/BRCA pathway repairs DNA interstrand crosslinks. Mutations in this pathway cause Fanconi anemia (FA), a chromosome instability syndrome with bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition. Upon DNA damage, normal and FA cells inhibit the cell cycle progression, until the G2/M checkpoint is turned off by the checkpoint recovery, which becomes activated when the DNA damage has been repaired. Interestingly, highly damaged FA cells seem to override the G2/M checkpoint. In this study we explored with a Boolean network model and key experiments whether checkpoint recovery activation occurs in FA cells with extensive unrepaired DNA damage.METHODS:We performed synchronous/asynchronous simulations of the FA/BRCA pathway Boolean network model. FA-A and normal lymphoblastoid cell lines were used to study checkpoint and checkpoint recovery activation after DNA damage induction. The experimental approach included flow cytometry cell cycle analysis, cell division tracking, chromosome aberration analysis and gene expression analysis through qRT-PCR and western blot.RESULTS:Computational simulations suggested that in FA mutants checkpoint recovery activity inhibits the checkpoint components despite unrepaired DNA damage, a behavior that we did not observed in wild-type simulations. This result implies that FA cells would eventually reenter the cell cycle after a DNA damage induced G2/M checkpoint arrest, but before the damage has been fixed. We observed that FA-A cells activate the G2/M checkpoint and arrest in G2 phase, but eventually reach mitosis and divide with unrepaired DNA damage, thus resolving the initial checkpoint arrest. Based on our model result we look for ectopic activity of checkpoint recovery components. We found that checkpoint recovery components, such as PLK1, are expressed to a similar extent as normal undamaged cells do, even though FA-A cells harbor highly damaged DNA.CONCLUSIONS:Our results show that FA cells, despite extensive DNA damage, do not loss the capacity to express the transcriptional and protein components of checkpoint recovery that might eventually allow their division with unrepaired DNA damage. This might allow cell survival but increases the genomic instability inherent to FA individuals and promotes cancer

Amibas de vida libre en pozas, piscinas y lagos de El Salvador

Se examinan 60 muestras de agua provenientes de 30 sitios del territorio salvadoreño donde se ubican reservorios de agua utilizados por la población de cada muestra incluyó: fecha de colecta, ubicación del lugar, toma de superficie o profundidad, y condición clorada o no clorada. Se sedimento cada muestra y éste se estudio entre lámina y laminilla, utilizando objetivos 10X y 40X del microscopio, en busca de formas móviles de amibas