VOCES DE LAS ENFERMERAS AL PERCIBIR EL DOLOR DEL PACIENTE INFANTIL QUEMADO

El objetivo del estudio fue revelar la percepción de la enfermera frente al dolor nociceptivo del paciente infantil que sufre quemaduras. Desarrollado en un hospital pediátrico del Distrito Federal, México. Investigación cualitativa, de tipo descriptivo. Para la recolección se aplicó una guía de entrevista semiestructurada a diez enfermeras del área de quemados, siendo los datos analizados mediante análisis de contenido. Como resultados se obtuvieron tres categorías. Se utilizó como referencial teórico la fenomenología. Los resultados muestran las vivencias de las enfermeras, la expresión, del mecanismos de conducta auto-defensiva, en la percepción de sus intervenciones, se destaca la carga humanística que tienen las emociones, pues el hecho de manifestarlas implica un gasto extra de fuerza y energía, resultando que a mayor intensidad de la emoción a la que se enfrentan, más es el trabajo emocional que realizan. En conclusión el sujeto aprende las vivencias del yo por medio de la experiencia

The nurse’s humanistic functioning in relation to the pain of the child patient with burns

El artículo tiene como objetivo reflejar sobre la actuación humanística de la enfermera en la intervención del dolor nociceptivo somático de los niños. Fue realizado un estudio cualitativo descriptivo direccionado y discutido de acuerdo con la fenomenología de Husserl, Se consideraron los aspectos ético-legales, fueron entrevistadas diez enfermeras expertas en área de quemados; los datos relevantes fueron seleccionados por la técnica colorimétrica, para después efectuar un análisis de contenido. Los resultados revelaron que la enfermera es una profesional que actúa afectivamente en situaciones de angustia, tristeza, protegiendo de manera solidaria al paciente infantil, también que las terapias no farmacológicas como la ludoterapia, risoterapia, musicoterapia, ejercicios de relajación, respiración y apoyo psicológico coadyuvan en el combate del dolor. Al concluir se reflejó que la intervención de la enfermera es altamente humanística, y se revela que el dolor requiere ser tratado por profesionales con amplia sensibilidad para brindar cuidado altamente humano.This article aims to reflect on the humanistic functioning of the nurse in the interventions with nociceptive, somatic pain in children. To this end a qualitative descriptive study was undertaken, directed and discussed in accordance with Husserlian phenomenology. Ethical-legal aspects were taken into consideration, interviews being held with 10 nurses who are specialists in the area of burns. The relevant data were selected through the colorimetric technique, so as to later undertake content analysis. The results revealed the nurse to be a professional who acts affectively in situations of distress and sadness, protecting the child patient empathetically. In addition, it is possible to perceive that non-pharmacological therapies, such as play therapy, laughter therapy, music therapy, relaxation exercises, breathing exercises, and psychological support are coadjuvant in combating pain. At the end of the study, it is reflected that the nurse’s intervention is highly humanistic, and it is shown that pain must be treated by professionals with great sensitivity, so as to promote highly humane car

Descripción ultraestructural de los diferentes estadios del ciclo de vida de Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a nematode of medical importance in America. In the present study, a complete and precise ultrastructural description of A. costaricensis was made at each of its stages of development. A minimum of 20 specimens per evolutionary stage were studied which were processed for scanning microscopy and were observed and photographed at magnifications from 25 to 3000X.  Angiostrongylus costaricensis es un nemátodo de importancia médica en América. En el presente estudio se realizó una descripción ultraestructural completa y precisa de A. costaricensis en cada uno de sus estadios de desarrollo. Se estudió un mínimo de 20 especímenes por estadio evolutivo los cuales se procesaron para microscopía de barrido y fueron observados y fotografiados a magnificaciones desde 25 a 3000X

Consumer preferences towards amazonian coffee produced by small farmers in Quito, Ecuador - a conjoint analysis

159 p.The general objective of the present study is to analyze consumer preferences for coffee purchasing and consumption in Quito, Ecuador, in order to determine if there is a potential market for ground coffee produced by small farmers in the Amazonian zone. A survey was carried out with the target population of upper and upper-middle class persons living in the metropolitan area of Quito during the last quarter of 2003. This population were selected as coffee consumption tends to increase as income rises. The sample unit was the housewife, the owner of the house, or a person aged more than 17 years (in personadministrated survey). The sample was selected randomly at shopping centers (mall intercepts using a socio-economic segmentation by neighborhood), and therefore it cannot be considered a probabilistic sample. A total of 330 completed questionnaires were considered valid and used in the analysis. The main procedure used was conjoint analysis, where the attributes selected were brand, packaging, origin denomination, and price. For the purposes of the study, the brand “Amazónico” was created to test the potential of Amazonian coffee. Results reveal a potential market for ground coffee with origin denomination from Amazonia and produced by small farmers of the area in Quito, Ecuador. However, it is necessary to consider that there are other factors such as the brand and packaging that are valued by the consumer as well. The selected segment according to sociodemographic characteristics is the high earning group, within which two sub-segments (segmentation by behavior) can be found: People who consume grain or ground coffee and people who don’t consume grain and/or ground coffee (consume other types such as decaffeinated and instant), but they are interested in consuming it. Both groups value above all the factor brand (Montecristi, Amazónico, and then Minerva, respectively); secondly, they value the type of packaging (sack), thirdly falls price, which is the only factor over which both groups differ in their appreciation (the CGGC group prefer the higher price and the NCGGCi group prefer the cheapest price). Origin denomination is the factor placed at lowest end of importance; however, it is still valued by both groups. This study offers quantitative and qualitative information that could enable the German Technical Cooperation Agency (GTZ), and other interested parties, to determine the existence of business opportunities or the viability of projects which would benefit Amazonian producers. Key words: Consumer preference, coffee consumption, internal market, conjoint analysis, potential market, origin denomination, Amazonian coffee producers

The Fuegian thrust-fold belt: From arc-continent collision to thrust-related deformation in the southernmost Andes

New detailed structural data from the Fuegian Andes including new ages and cross-cutting relationships with intrusive rocks, as well as an appraisal of published structural data, support that this orogen evolved as a basement-involved thrust-fold belt after initial formation in an arc-continent collision scenario. New structural data from a deformed 84 Ma intrusive indicate that structures from the collisional event in the Argentine Fuegian Andes are of Campanian age, comprising only the youngest and less intense deformation of the orogenic wedge. In the internal thrust-fold belt, these structures are cut by intrusives with new ages of 74 Ma (Ar/Ar on hornblende). The superposition of thrusts on these early structures indicates a subsequent event in which a thrust-fold belt formed since the Maastrichtian-Danian. Additional new data confirm brittle-ductile thrusting in the central belt, with thrusts joining a common upper detachment in the base of the Lower Cretaceous rocks. These thrusts formed a first-order duplex system that transferred the shortening accommodated in the foreland until the Miocene.Fil: Torres Carbonell, Pablo Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Cao, Sebastián José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez Guillot, Mauricio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Mosqueira González, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Dimieri, Luis Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Geológico del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geología. Instituto Geológico del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Duval, Florian. Université d´Orléans; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Scaillet, Stéphane. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Franci

Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in patients of african descent with early-onset and familial Colombian breast cancer

Q2Q1Familias afrocolombianas afectadas por cáncer de mama y ovarioBackground: Pathogenic germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) genes contribute to hereditary breast/ovarian cancer (OC) in White/mestizo Colombian women. As there is virtually no genetic data on breast cancer (BC) in Colombians of African descent, we conducted a comprehensive BRCA1/2 mutational analysis of 60 Afro-Colombian families affected by breast/OC. Materials and Methods: Mutation screening of the complete BRCA1/2 genes for small-scale mutations and large genomic alterations was performed in these families using next-generation sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis. Results: Four pathogenic germline mutations, including one novel mutation, were identified, comprising 3 in BRCA1 and one in BRCA2. The prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations, including one BRCA1 founder mutation (c.5123C>A) previously identified in this sample set, was 3.9% (2/51) in female BC-affected families and 33.3% (3/9) in those affected by both breast and OC. Haplotype analysis of 2 BRCA2_c.2701delC carriers (one Afro-Colombian and one previously identified White/mestizo Colombian patient with BC) suggested that the mutation arose in a common ancestor. Conclusion: Our data showed that 2/5 (40%) mutations (including the one previously identified in this sample set) are shared by White/mestizo Colombian and Afro-Colombian populations. This suggests that these 2 populations are closely related. Nevertheless, variations in the BRCA1/2 mutational spectrum among Afro-Colombian subgroups from different regions of the country were observed, suggesting that specific genetic risk assessment strategies need to be developed.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-9621https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6444-7248https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9515https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-9775Revista Internacional - IndexadaA1N

Análisis de una cuenca mio-pliocena relacionada a un ambiente volcánico: la cuenca Livitaca, Cusco

Como parte de los estudios realizados por el INGEMMET en la actualización de la Carta Geológica Nacional a escala 1/50000, en la zona de Livitaca se pudieron reconocer unidades volcanosedimentarias, descritas anteriormente por Mendívil & Dávila (1994) y Manrique (1992), que ponen en evidencia la existencia de sedimentos lacustres desarrollados en un ambiente volcánico, la cual hemos denominado: Cuenca Livitaca. Esta cuenca se encuentra en la Cordillera Occidental Sur del Perú, en el distrito de Livitaca, departamento del Cusco, y cubre un área aproximada de 32 km2. El cartografiado geológico del lugar y el levantamiento de columnas estratigráficas han permitido reconocer y estudiar esta cuenca, y así, poder determinar su evolución sedimentaria y paleogeográfica

Senolytic treatment preserves biliary regenerative capacity lost through cellular senescence during cold storage

Liver transplantation is the only curative option for patients with end-stage liver disease. Despite improvements in surgical techniques, nonanastomotic strictures (characterized by the progressive loss of biliary tract architecture) continue to occur after liver transplantation, negatively affecting liver function and frequently leading to graft loss and retransplantation. To study the biological effects of organ preservation before liver transplantation, we generated murine models that recapitulate liver procurement and static cold storage. In these models, we explored the response of cholangiocytes and hepatocytes to cold storage, focusing on responses that affect liver regeneration, including DNA damage, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. We show that biliary senescence was induced during organ retrieval and exacerbated during static cold storage, resulting in impaired biliary regeneration. We identified decoy receptor 2 (DCR2)–dependent responses in cholangiocytes and hepatocytes, which differentially affected the outcome of those populations during cold storage. Moreover, CRISPR-mediated DCR2 knockdown in vitro increased cholangiocyte proliferation and decreased cellular senescence but had the opposite effect in hepatocytes. Using the p21KO model to inhibit senescence onset, we showed that biliary tract architecture was better preserved during cold storage. Similar results were achieved by administering senolytic ABT737 to mice before procurement. Last, we perfused senolytics into discarded human donor livers and showed that biliary architecture and regenerative capacities were better preserved. Our results indicate that cholangiocytes are susceptible to senescence and identify the use of senolytics and the combination of senotherapies and machine-perfusion preservation to prevent this phenotype and reduce the incidence of biliary injury after transplantation.This work was supported by the UK Medical Research MRC (MR/K017047/1) (to S.J.F.), the Computational and Chemical Biology of Stem Cell Niche (MR/L012766/1) (to S.J.F.), the UK Regenerative Medicine Platform (MR/K026666/1) (to S.J.F.), and the Wellcome Trust Institutional Translational Partnership Award (WT iTPA) (to S.F.-G.). J.M.B. was supported by the Spanish Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) (PI15/01132, PI18/01075, and Miguel Servet Program CON14/00129 and CPII19/00008) cofinanced by “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER); “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (CIBERehd), Spain; “Euskadi RIS3” (2019222054 and 2020333010); and the Department of Industry of the Basque Country (Elkartek: KK-2020/00008). This research was funded in whole or in part by The Wellcome Trust (grant number 209710/Z/17/Z), a cOAlition S organization