Exploring Ethnic Stereotypes through the Production of Five Short Films

This is a nontraditional thesis that combines social research in ethnic stereotypes in TV and film with the creative process of film production. This paper contains the formal step of research, in addition to the details on the production and creation of five original short films related to the issue of ethnic representations

Inhibition of an extracellular polygalacturonase from Geotrichum candidum by a proteinaceous inhibitor isolated from lemon fruits

An extracellular polygalacturonase [EC 3.2.1.15], named PG-543, was purified from the culture of Geotrichum candidum IEV 543, a phytopathogenic fungi isolated from infected lemon. The molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 26 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The pH optimum determined was 5.5; the enzyme showed high stability in the pH range between 4.0 and 6.0. The temperature optimum was 37 ºC. Furthermore, a proteinaceous inhibitor of the polygalacturonase (PG) named PGIP was isolated from lemon albedo. This protein was able to maintain the inhibitory activity in a wide range of pH and temperature. The maximal interaction between PG-PGIP was reached after 20 min of contact. PGIP did not show toxic effect on Artemia salina in the concentration range that was active on PG enzyme. Also, the proteinaceous inhibitor did not show mutagenic nor phytotoxic effects.Our results suggest that, the PGIP isolated from lemon could be used as a natural product to decrease the propagation of pathogenic fungi responsible for postharvest diseases in citrus by the inhibition of hydrolytic enzymes secreted by pathogens.Fil: Rodriguez, Ivana Fabiola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Sayago, Jorge Esteban. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Zampini, Iris Catiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Isla, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Ordóñez, Roxana Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentin

First approaches in the study of cytotoxic and mutagenic damage induced by cold aqueous extract of Baccharis articulata on normal cells

Species of Genus Baccharis (Asteraceae) possess various bioactivities in vitro. The aim was to determine the cytogenotoxic activity of the cold aqueous extract (CAE) of Baccharis articulata. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy individuals were in vitro faced to CAE (40, 78, 156, 313, 625 and 1250 ug/mL) for 18-24 h. Toxicity was evaluated by staining of trypan blue exclusion and MTT reduction. The genotoxicity was evaluated by the Micronucleus Test. Balb/c mice were injected with CAE (1800, 900 and 450 mg/kg), saline solution and cyclophosphamide as negative and positive controls respectively. Animals were sacrificed at 6 h post-injection. Bone marrow samples were fixed and stained with May- Grünwald and Giemsa. Two thousand polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) were counted to determine number of micronuclei (MN) and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE)/250 PCE to calculate toxicity index (TI). CAE toxicity on human lymphocytes was dose-dependent (Cytotoxic concentration 50% = 150 ug/mL). The number of MNPCE for negative control was: 5 (+1), positive control: 372 (+23) and CAE in three doses: 26 (+8), 16 (+5) and 8 (+3). TI for negative control: 1.38 (+0.35) positive control: 3.1 (+1.06) and CAE in three doses: 0.78 (+0.05), 0.82 (+0.08) and 1.21 (+0.2). CAE treatment showed no statistical difference respect to negative control. CAE of B articulata was not cytogenotoxic.Fil: Cariddi, Laura Noelia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Escobar, Franco Matias. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sabini, Maria Carola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Cristina Vanesa. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Zygadlo, Julio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Sabini, Liliana Ines. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentin

Una mirada pedagógica a la escritura de un ensayo argumentativo

El ensayo argumentativo es un tipo de texto que se introduce en los últimos años de la escolaridad. En el medio universitario constituye un texto de enorme importancia. Las constantes quejas de quienes tienen que vérselas con este tipo de producciones por parte de sus estudiantes y la experiencia de la enseñanza de éste en un colegio privado de alto nivel académico de Bogotá, impulsa esta revisión que busca identificar elementos teóricos y experiencias que incidan favorablemente en su escritura. La confianza en que sí es posible aprender a escribir se ve reforzada por las propuestas que se hacen desde concepciones cognitivistas que validan el proceso de aprendizaje a través de diversos mecanismos como estrategias o instrucciones y desde concepciones socioculturales que impulsan la inmersión en situaciones que promuevan el análisis, la discusión y la confrontación de puntos de vista diferentes.The argumentative essay is a type of text introduced in the last years of high school education. In the university context, its importance is enormous. This study, which seeks to identify theoretical elements and experiences positively influencing the writing of argumentative essays, is driven by the reiterated complaints of instructors who deal with this type of production on the part of their students, together with one particular teaching experience focussing on the argumentative essay in a private school of high academic standards in Bogotá. Confidence in the fact that it is possible to learn to write is reinforced by proposals emerging both from cognitivist conceptions validating a learning process through varied mechanisms such as strategies or instructions, and from socio-cultural conceptions promoting the immersion in situations demanding analysis, discussion, and the confrontation of different points of view

TIMPANO: Technology for complex Human-Machine conversational interaction with dynamic learning

El proyecto TIMPANO tiene por objetivo profundizar en el desarrollo de sistemas de comunicación oral hombre-máquina atendiendo principalmente a la capacidad de dar respuesta a múltiples requerimientos de los usuarios, como pueden ser el acceso a información, la extracción de información, o el análisis de grandes repositorios de información en audio. En el proyecto se hace especial énfasis en la adaptación dinámica de los modelos a diversos contextos, tanto de tipo acústico, como semántico o de idioma

Crescentic and necrotising glomerulonephritis: A rare histological manifestation of Alport syndrome

Alport Syndrome (AS) is a generalized inherited disease characterized by hematuria, progressive renal failure, sensorineural deafness and ocular abnormalities [1]. X-linked AS, resulting from mutations of the type IV collagen alpha 5 (COL4A5) gene encoding the type IV collagen α5 chain, accounts for 85% of AS. To dates, nearly 700 COL4A5 mutations have been reported, with about 45% of COL4A5 mutations being missense mutations. The remainder of the AS patients have autosomal recessive, or rarely, an autosomal dominant inheritance, both of which result from mutations in the COL4A3 or COL4A4 gene [2]. Diagnosis of AS relies on clinical presentation, immunohistochemical analysis of the collagen α (IV) chains in the skin and/or renal biopsy specimen, ultrastructural changes of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and genetic molecular analysis.An 11-year-old white male presented with palpebral edema beginning two months before his first visit, with moderate edema and normotension being observed in the outpatient clinic. Screening laboratory tests showed serum proteins 3 mg/dl, albumin 2.6 mg/dl, proteinuria >6 gr/24 h, total cholesterol 450 mg/dl (LDL 309 mg/dl), urinary red blood cells (+++), serum creatinine 0.97 mg/dl and creatinine clearance 86 ml/min/1.73m2. The complement components levels were within the normal range, and serological test results were negative (P-ANCA, C-ANCA, ANA, anti-DNA and, anti-GBM). After four weeks of empirical treatment with prednisone (80 mg/d) and a course of pulses of methylprednisolone (3 doses), due to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis being suspected, the patient was derived for a renal biopsy. This patient was the only child of a marriage without a history of consanguinity or renal diseases. A formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy was carried out and, 3 um sections were cut and stained by hematoxylin and eosin and, the PAS and Masson´s trichrome methods were used. Pieces of renal cortex were processed for electron microscopy and, semithin sections were stained with toluidine blue and examined by light microscopy in order to select appropriate glomeruli. Next, 50 nm sections were cut, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and examined with a Zeiss Leo 906 E electron microscope equipped with a Megaview III digital camera (Oberkochen, Germany). For routine immunofluorescence evaluation of the renal biopsy, one fragment was embedded in OCT médium and, snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. Then, 5 mm thick frozen sections were cut and sequentially fixed in acetone, after which they were washed with PBS, stained with FITC-conjugated antisera (Kallestad, Austin, TX, USA) against human IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C1q and κ and λ light chains diluted 1:20, washed in PBS, and mounted with buffered glycerol. Futhermore, the expression of the α1 chain, α3 chain and α5 chain collagen type IV was analyzed using an Alport Syndrome Staining Kit (ALPOC diagnostics TM). Negative (without primary antibody) and positive (normal kidney) controls were also carried out. A histological examination revealed cellular crescents in four out of six glomeruli, with extracapillary proliferation also present (Figure 1A). Approximately 50 % of glomeruli revealed segmental necrosis (Figure 1B) and segmental mesangial expansion with irregular enlargement of mesangial stalks. Interestingly, lipid-laden foam cells, considered to be a marker of AS, were rarely found. Tubules were normal, except for the presence of occasional red blood casts, and no significant vascular changes were noted.Ultrastructural examination of the glomerular capillary loops showed a diffuse and abnormal architectural organization of the GBMs, characterized by frequent electron-lucent areas with a frequently lamellated and ?basket-weave? appearance in glomeruli with or without crescents (Figure 1C). No immune-type electron-dense deposits were identified in different renal compartments but there was an extensive effacement of podocyte processes. The immunofluorescence studies for IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C1q and κ and λ light chains revealed no significant deposition of these reactants in the glomeruli, tubular basement membranes or the interstitium. Results of the α3 or α5 collagen IV immunostaining were negative, contrasting with the α1(IV) labeling of GBM and tubular basement membranes (Figure 2 A-B-C). Hypoacusia was confirmed by audiometry and DNA analysis using whole exome sequencing confirmed that the proband carried the c.G3508A mutation in COL4A5, which is considered to be pathogenic and is known to cause X-linked AS (Figure 2D). Oral cyclophosphamide was administered for 8 weeks and seven months after renal biopsy, the patient had SCr 1.34 mg/dl, and proteinuria 324 mg/24 hrs, so dual antiproteinuric therapy (ACEI/ARB), being added. This case illustrated a rare histological manifestation of AS, which is a hereditary disease of GBM deriving from a defect in the gene encoding for type IV collagen α-chain isoforms and, clinically characterized by a progressive nephropathy often associated with sensorineural deafness and ocular abnormalities [1,2]. Among the different light microscopy patterns shown in AS, necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis are rarely found in this syndrome with only a few cases reported to date [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. However, this pattern of glomerulonephritis is well known in transplant kidneys [7]. The presence found of glomerular crescents and fibrinoid necrosis raises the possibility of the other causes being responsible for the crescentic glomerulonephritis and a superimposed ANCA associated or pauci-immune type of crescentic glomerulonephritis can not be ruled out, especially if we consider that approximately 20% of the pauci-immune type of crescentic glomerulonephritis may be associated with negative ANCA titters[8, 9,10]. However, the ultrastructural analysis showed characteristic of AS, as confirmed by immunodetection of collagen type IV chains. Finally the mutation was pathogenic of X-linked AS as expected [11].In summary, a careful search for CsGN, particularly in paediatric populations is justified, because a nephrotic syndrome in the childhood does not rule out a CsGN. In this context the possibility of AS should be considered. Consequently, ultrastructural analysis represents an indispensable tool for a definitive nosological diagnosis.Fil: Gabriela Deisi, Moyano Crespo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Alicia Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Mukdsi, Jorge Humberto. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; Argentin

Inteligencia emocional en estudiantes del VII ciclo de una institución educativa pública de jornada escolar completa de Pomabamba, Áncash

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el nivel de inteligencia emocional en estudiantes del VII ciclo de una institución educativa pública de Jornada Escolar Completa de Pomabamba, Áncash. Este estudio corresponde al diseño no experimental transeccional, de alcance descriptivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 112 estudiantes, seleccionada por el muestreo censal. Como instrumento se usó la versión abreviada del Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional de Bar-On ICE: NA. Los resultados evidenciaron que el 51,8% de los estudiantes presentaron un nivel normalmente desarrollado de inteligencia emocional. En los componentes, se halló el mismo nivel con los siguientes porcentajes: intrapersonal 50,0%, interpersonal 41,1%, adaptabilidad 57,1 % y manejo de estrés 43,8%. En conclusión, los estudiantes del VII ciclo de una institución educativa pública de Jornada Escolar Completa de Pomabamba Áncash, presentan un nivel normalmente desarrollado de inteligencia emocional.The objective of this research was to determine the level of emotional intelligence in students of the VII cycle of a public educational institution of Complete School Day in Pomabamba, Ancash. This study corresponds to a non-experimental transectional design, descriptive in scope. The sample consisted of 112 students, selected by census sampling. The abbreviated version of the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Inventory ICE: NA was used as an instrument. The results showed that 51.8% of the students presented a normally developed level of emotional intelligence. In the components, the same level was found with the following percentages: intrapersonal 50.0%, interpersonal 41.1%, adaptability 57.1% and stress management 43.8%. In conclusion, the students of the VII cycle of a public school in Pomabamba, Ancash, present a normally developed level of emotional intelligence

Entre el ser o no ser OGMs: edición genómica mediante CRISPR-Cas9, regulación y mejoramiento genético en plantas, la redefinición del concepto de organismo genéticamente modificado

509 páginas. Doctorado en Sociología.La edición de genomas de plantas sin introducir ADN extraño en las células puede evitar las preocupaciones regulatorias relacionadas con las plantas genéticamente modificadas (Woo et al., 2015). Aunque las tecnologías de edición de genomas facilitan el cultivo eficiente de plantas sin introduci r un transgén, está creando desafíos regulatorios con respecto al estado actual para organismos genéticamente modificados (OGM). Los rápidos avances en el fitomejoramiento por la edición de genomas requieren el establecimiento de una nueva política global y alinear las políticas nacionales para la nueva biotecnología, a la vez que llenan la brecha entre las regulaciones fundamentadas en los procesos y en los productos basados en OGM. Este documento se genera en medio del debate sobre si las plantas resultantes de estas técnicas y sus productos están cubiertos por la legislación sobre OGM. La cobertura de la legislación sobre OGM en el uso de NPBT2 significa pasar por todo el procedimiento riguroso de la evaluación de riesgo, los costos asociados a todo el trámite de las autoridades y a los tiempos estipulados para cada etapa del proceso de aprobación de OGM en la Unión Europea (EU) (Sheldon, 2004; Hartung y Schiemann, 2014). En América Latina algunos investigadores de México, Colombia y Argentina han presentado interés y han iniciado la utilización del sistema CRISPR-Cas9 en el mejoramiento genético de plantas por la facilidad técnica y la ventaja regulatoria que presenta la comercialización de los productos bajo esquemas técnicos particulares

Relación entre percepción y la práctica de automedicación responsable en los estudiantes del quinto año de medicina humana de la UNMSM en el mes de enero del 2014

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar si existe relación entre percepción y práctica de la automedicación responsable en los estudiantes del quinto año de Medicina Humana en la UNMSM. Tipo de investigación: estudio tipo cuantitativo, diseño de estudio observacional de corte transversal, correlacional. La muestra principal del estudio estuvo conformada por 103 estudiantes varones y mujeres del quinto año de Medicina Humana de la UNMSM matriculados en el décimo semestre de estudios, seleccionados incidentalmente. Los estudiantes del quinto año de la facultad de medicina humana de la UNMSM el 64.1% presentaron una percepción no favorable sobre la automedicación mientras que el 35.9% presentaron una percepción favorable. Los estudiantes del quinto año de la facultad de medicina humana el 35% presentaron prácticas responsables sobre la automedicación responsable mientras que el 65% presentaron prácticas no responsables sobre la automedicación. Los medicamentos más frecuente con recetas fueron los antiácidos; mientras lo medicamentos sin recetas fueron los antifebriles, en general el tipo de medicamentos más frecuentes fueron los antifebriles seguido por los antiinflamatorios. La mayor parte de los estudiantes del quinto año de Medicina Humana de la UNMSM de Lima fueron mujeres, y la gran mayoría provienen de Lima Cercado, seguidos por el Cono Norte y el Cono Sur. Los estudiantes con prácticas responsables el 72.2% fueron de sexo masculino y el 27.8% fueron de sexo femenino. Los estudiantes con percepción favorable el 56.8% presentaron prácticas responsables mientras que del total de estudiantes con percepción no favorable el 77.3% presentaron prácticas no responsable. Se encontró relación estadística P<0.05. Conclusión Los estudiantes del quinto año de Medicina Humana de la UNMSM con una percepción favorable sobre la automedicación presentaron una mayor práctica de automedicación responsable con respecto a los estudiantes del quinto año de Medicina Humana de la UNMSM con una percepción no favorable sobre la automedicación.*** The research is to determine the correlation between perception and practice of self-medication in the 5th year students of Human Medicine in San Marcos. Type of research study design qualitative observational study transversal.Correlacional court. The main study sample will consist of 103 male and female students of the fifth year of Human Medicine UNMSM enrolled in the tenth semester of study , incidentally selected . The fifth -year students of the faculty of human medicine 64.1 % have an unfavorable perception of self-medication while 35.9% have a perception favorable.Los fifth -year students of the faculty of human medicine have 35% on practice responsible self-medication while 65 % have no responsible practices on automedicación.Los most common prescription drugs are antacids , while drugs without fever-reducing recipes are generally the most common type of fever-reducing medicines are followed by anti-inflammatory . fifth year students d lime are women, and most come from fencing lime , followed by northern cone and cone sur.Los students with responsible practices are 72.2% male and 27.8 % were female . Students with positive attitude 56.8 % have responsible practices while students of all not favorable attitude 77.3 % have not responsible practices. Statistical relationship P < 0.05 was found . Conclusion The fifth year students of Human Medicine of San Marcos with a favorable perception of self-medication have a higher self-medication practice with respect to the fifth year students of Human Medicine of San Marcos with an unfavorable perception of self-medication.Tesi