NIC 11 - contratos de construcción para mejorar la determinación de los costos en la empresa edificaciones y construcciones Barrionuevo E.I.R.L., - 2014

Esta investigación se elaboró ante la falta de conocimiento y aplicación de la NIC 11. Contratos de Construcción para determinar los costos de los mismos en la empresa objeto de estudio, la misma que no aplica dicha Norma para determinar sus costos, que le permita determinar sus costos reales y por ende conocer su verdadera utilidad, el cual viene determinando sus costos de manera empírica; ante esta situación se ha planteado el siguiente problema ¿De qué manera la aplicación de la NIC 11 - Contratos de Construcción; mejora la determinación de los costos en la empresa Edificaciones Y Construcciones Barrionuevo E.I.R.L.?, la misma que se justifica, porque ayudará a la empresa a determinar sus costos de manera fiable, cuyo objetivo fue determinar la importancia de la aplicación NIC 11 – Contratos de Construcción para mejorar la determinación de los costos en la empresa objeto de estudio. El método científico empleado es de tipo descriptiva, cuantitativa, para una población constituida por 02 contratos de construcción al año, tomando como muestra 01 contrato de construcción. Formulándose la siguiente hipótesis: Si se aplica la NIC 11- Contratos de Construcción, entonces mejoraremos la determinación de los Costos en la Empresa Edificaciones Y Construcciones Barrionuevo E.I.R.L., - 2014, para dar respuesta a nuestra hipótesis hemos utilizado las técnicas de observación, y análisis documentario e instrumentos como la guía de observación, ficha resumen y hojas de cálculo, las mismas que fueron analizadas e interpretadas en el programa Microsoft Excel 2010; se concluyó que la empresa objeto de estudio no aplica la NIC 11 por ende los costos son elevados.Tesi

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Sustainable Development Goals: Achievements and Expectations

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on almost all the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), leaving no country unaffected. It has caused a shift in political agendas, but also in lines of research. At the same time, the world is trying to make the transition to a more sustainable economic model. The research objectives of this paper are to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the fulfilment of the SDGs with regard to the research of the scientific community, and to analyze the presence of the Circular Economy (CE) in the literature. To this end, this research applies bibliometric analysis and a systematic review of the literature, using VOSviewer for data visualization. Five clusters were detected and grouped according to the three dimensions of sustainability. The extent of the effects of the health, economic and social crisis resulting from the pandemic, in addition to the climate crisis, is still uncertain, but it seems clear that the main issues are inefficient waste management, supply chain issues, adaptation to online education and energy concerns. The CE has been part of the solution to this crisis, and it is seen as an ideal model to be promoted based on the opportunities detected

Genetic characterization of the mechanisms of resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate and third-generation cephalosporins in Salmonella enterica from three Spanish hospitals

The mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance were characterized in 90 Salmonella enterica isolates either resistant or with intermediate resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate (AMCR/I) or resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (C3GR). These isolates were recovered in three Spanish hospitals during 2007-2009. The C3GR phenotype was expressed by three isolates that carried the following extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes: phage-associated blaCTX M-10 in S. Virchow, blaCTX-M-14a surrounded by ISEcp1 and IS903 in S. Enteritidis, and blaCTX-M-15 linked to ISEcp1 and orf477 in S. Gnesta (first description in this serotype). The AMCR/I phenotype was found in 87 isolates (79 S. Typhimurim, 7 S. Enteritidis, and one S. Thompson). The blaPSE-1 gene, followed by blaOXA-1 was mostly found among S. Typhimurim, and the blaTEM-1 gene among S. Enteritidis. Three different gene combinations [blaPSE-1+floR+aadA2+sul+tet(G); blaOXA-1+catA+aadA1/strA-strB+sul+tet(B) and blaTEM-1+cmlA1+aadA/strA-strB+sul+tet(A)/tet(B) genes] were associated with the ampicillin-chloramphenicol-streptomycin-sulfonamides-tetracycline phenotype in 68 AMCR/I S. enterica isolates. Class 1 integrons were observed in 79% of the isolates and in most of them (45 isolates) two integrons including the aadA2 and blaPSE-1 gene cassettes, respectively, were detected. The blaOXA-1+aadA1 arrangement was detected in 23 isolates, and the aac(6′)-Ib-cr+blaOXA-1+catB3+arr3 in another one. Non-classicclass 1 integrons were found in three isolates: dfrA12+orfF+aadA2+cmlA1+aadA1 (1 isolate), dfrA12+orfF+aadA2+cmlA1+aadA1+qacH+IS440+sul3 (1 isolate) and dfrA12+orfF+aadA2+cmlA1+aadA1+qacH+IS440+ sul3+orf1+mef(B)Δ-IS26 (1 isolate). Taken together, these results underline the need for clinical concern regarding β-lactam resistance in Salmonella and thus for vigilant monitoring

Psychosocial and epidemiological aspects of suicide attempts in children

Introducción:El suicidio ha sido catalogado como una tragedia humana y el de los adolescentes genera devastación para la familia, los amigos y la comunidad.Objetivo: Determinar los aspectos epidemiológicos y psicosociales relacionados con el intento suicida en edad pediátrica.Métodos:Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, durante el período de enero del año 2019 a diciembre del 2020 en el Hospital Materno Infantil ¨Piti Fajardo¨ del municipio de Güines, provincia Mayabeque. El universo de estudio quedó constituido por 68 infantes ingresados por intento suicida. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, escolaridad, factores predisponentes, conflictos asociados y enfermedades psiquiátricas en niños y familiares. Se utilizaron las frecuencias absolutas y porcentaje como técnicas estadísticas y se compararon los porcentajes a través de la dócima X2 y la prueba de comparación múltiple de Duncan. Resultados: El intento suicida predominaron los niños de 13 a 15 años en el 54.4 %, del sexo femenino el 85.3 %, el 48.6 % con escolaridad secundaria, el factor predisponente que prevaleció fue la depresión previa en el 48.5% y el 45.6 % tenía problemas familiares. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue el trastorno de adaptación en el 69.1 %.Conclusiones:Predominaron los adolescentes de 13 a 15 años, sexo femenino con escolaridad secundaria y depresión previa, más de la mitad de los niños estaban diagnosticados con un trastorno de adaptación y la mayor parte de los familiares presentaron alguna enfermedad psiquiátrica y los conflictos más prevalentes fueron los problemas familiares.Introduction:Suicide has been classified as a human tragedy and that of adolescents generates devastation for the family, friends and the community.Objective:To determine the epidemiological and psychosocial aspects related to suicide attempts in children.Methods:An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out during the period from January 2019 to December 2020 at the ¨Piti Fajardo¨ Maternal and Child Hospital in the municipality of Güines, Mayabeque province. The study universe consisted of 68 children admitted for suicide attempts. The variables age, sex, schooling, predisposing factors, associated conflicts and psychiatric illnesses in children and family members were analyzed. Absolute frequencies and percentages were used as statistical techniques and percentages were compared using the X2 test and Duncan's multiple comparison test. Results:Suicide attempts were predominant in children aged 13 to 15 years at 54.4%, female at 85.3%, 48.6% with secondary schooling, the predisposing factor that prevailed was previous depression in 48.5% and 45.6% had family problems. The most frequent diagnosis was adjustment disorder in 69.1%.Conclusions:Adolescents aged 13 to 15 years, female with secondary schooling and previous depression, predominated, more than half of the children were diagnosed with an adjustment disorder and most of the family members had some psychiatric illness and the most prevalent conflicts were family problems

Estudio de la eficacia analgésica del Dexketoprofeno Trometamol 25 mg. vs. Ibuprofeno 600 mg. tras su administración oral en pacientes sometidos a una intervención quirúrgica oral

-Objetivos: Comparar la eficacia analgésica de dos antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINES), pertenecientes a la familia de los ácidos propiónicos, tras intervenciones quirúrgicas orales con el fin de valorar cual de ellos es más efectivo con el mínimo de efectos secundarios y la menor dosis. Normalmente el dolor tras una intervención quirúrgica oral está considerado como moderado-intenso, siendo los AINES los fármacos de elección para este tipo de dolor. Como sabemos, el gran problema de estos fármacos reside en los efectos indeseables. Demostramos la eficacia del enantiómero-S(+) de estos fármacos ya que de ellos depende la analgesia y nos permiten utilizar una menor dosis del fármaco. -Diseño: Se entregan a los pacientes cuestionarios con tablas de valoración del dolor y se realizan distintas apreciaciones: dolor postquirúrgico, dolor en la primera hora tras la administración del analgésico, inflamación, hemorragia, hematoma, etc... . Valoramos el efecto de los distintos fármacos empleados en el estudio en función de las coordenadas eficacia-tiempo, así como el efecto anti-inflamatorio y sus efectos secundarios. -Resultados: Se comprueba que existe un dolor moderado tras una intervención quirúrgica oral, los fármacos empleados son eficaces en las dosis e intervalos indicados. Durante la primera hora tras la toma del analgésico, aquellos pacientes en tratamiento con DKT, presentaron menor dolor frente a los que estaban en tratamiento con Ibuprofeno (IBU). Se comprueba que existe inflamación en la mayoría de las intervenciones, las extracciones de cordales semi-incluidos (CSI) presentan mayor hemorragia el primer día y las extracciones de cordales incluidos (CI) presentan mayor hemorragia al tercer día, siendo estas intervenciones las que presentan hematoma. -Conclusiones: Demostramos la mayor eficacia analgésica del Dexketoprofeno Trometamol en la primera hora tras la intervención quirúrgica oral y su mayor efecto antiinflamatorio.-Objectives: Compare the analgesic efficacy of two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) belonging to the family of propionic acids after oral surgery in order to assess which one is most effective with the minimum side effects and lowest dose. Normally, the pain after oral surgery is considered as moderate-intense and NSAIDs are the first choice when treating post-surgical dental pain. As we know, the great problem of these drugs is found in their undesirable effects. The enantiomer-S(+) component is known to be related with analgesia and need for lower dose of these drugs. -Design: The patients are given questionnaires with pain assessment tables and different observations are made: postsurgical pain, pain in the first hour after administration of the analgesic, inflammation, bleeding, hematoma, etc. We assess the effect of the different drugs used in the study based on the efficacy-time coordinates as well as the anti-inflammatory effect and their side effects. -Results: It is verified that there is moderate pain after oral surgery and the drugs used are effective in the doses and intervals indicated. During the first hour after taking the analgesic, those patients treated with Dexketoprofen Trometamol (DKT) presented less pain compared to those who were treated with Ibuprofen (IBU). It is verified that there is inflammation in most of the interventions, the extractions of the semi-impacted third molars (SITM) present greater bleeding on the first day and the extractions of impacted third molars (ITM) present more bleeding on the third day. These last two interventions (ITM also present hematoma. -Conclusions: We demonstrate the greater analgesic efficacy of Dexketoprofen Trometamol in the first hour after the oral surgical intervention and its greater anti-inflammatory effect

Analyzing the Scientific Evolution of the Sustainable Development Goals

Development must balance social, economic, and environmental sustainability; it is for this reason that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are integrated, in fact, action in one of them will affect outcomes in others. In consequence, research on the SDGs is broad, complex, and fragmented due to the great diversity of disciplines and approaches involved, making it difficult to obtain valuable and unbiased information for future studies. As a result, a comprehensive review of contributions could provide a comprehensive critical perspective. This article applies SciMAT software to analyze the evolution of this field of research through a systematic literature review of bibliographic records on the SDGs and a review based on bibliometric analysis of 10,272 selected records. Additionally, hidden themes and their development in this field from 1990 to 2020 have been identified to produce strategic diagrams, graphs of thematic evolution and performance indicators of the research field in different periods. The results obtained show a constantly evolving scientific field, from its initial focus on the millennium goals to the gradual inclusion of the current SDGs. They provide field experts with a comprehensive overview of the status quo and predict the dynamic directions of future research, serving as a basis for the development of new strategies for the implementation of the SDGs.FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento, thanks to the project “Design of strategists to face the impact of COVID-19 on the compliance with the SDGs in Andalusia”, reference number CV20-0117

Multilineage differentiation potential of cells isolated from the human amniotic membrane

[Abstract] The human amniotic membrane (HAM) contains two cell types from different embryological origins. Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) are derived from the embryonic ectoderm, while human amnion mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) are derived from the embryonic mesoderm. In this study, we localized, isolated, quantified and phenotypically characterized HAM-derived cells and analysed their in vitro differentiation potential towards mesodermal cell lineages. Human amnion-derived cells were isolated and characterized by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction studies were performed for the analysis of multipotentiality. Immunophenotypic characterization of both cell types demonstrated the presence of the common, well-defined human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers (CD90, CD44, CD73, CD166, CD105, CD29), as well as the embryonic stem-cell markers SSEA-4 and STRO-1. Phenotypes of both cell populations were maintained from passages P0 to P9. The assessment of multilineage potential demonstrated that the hAMSCs showed greater adipogenic and chondrogenic potential. Both populations had the ability to retain their capacity for differentiation during culture passages from P0 to P4. Our data demonstrate the successful localization and isolation of hAMSCs and hAECs from the HAM. Both cell populations possessed similar immunophenotype. However, they differed in cell yield and multipotential for differentiation into the major mesodermal lineages. Our functional differentiation studies demonstrated that hAMSCs possess a much greater mesodermal differentiation capacity than hAECs. These considerations will be important for use of these cells for cell therapy.Servizo Galego de Saúde; PS07/84Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER BBN CB06-01-004

Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells from human amniotic membrane

[Abstract] Introduction: The human amniotic membrane is a highly abundant and readily available tissue that may be useful for regenerative medicine and cell therapy. Aim: To compare two previously published protocols for the isolation of human amnion mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs), including their phenotypic characterization and in vitro potential for differentiation toward osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic mesodermal lineages. Materials and Methods: Human placentas were obtained from selected caesarean-sectioned births. Two different protocols (Alviano et al.1 and Soncini et al.2) for the isolation of hAMSCs were performed. After monolayer expansion of adherent cells from both protocols, the cells were characterized by flow cytometry and for multi- potentiality, as assessed by their capability to differentiate toward adipocyte-, osteoblast-, and chondrocyte-like cells. Results: Both protocols yielded hAMSCs that showed plastic adherence, fibroblast-like growth, and well-defined human MSC markers. The cell yield and mesodermal differentiation capability of hAMSCs were higher in cells isolated using the Soncini protocol. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated the successful isolation of hAMSCs from full-term placentas using two published protocols. Differences between the two protocols in cell yield and in vitro differentiation potential are shown.Servizo Galego de Saúde; PS07/84Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER BBN CB06-01-004

Human amniotic membrane as an alternative source of stem cells for regenerative medicine

[Abstract] The human amniotic membrane (HAM) is a highly abundant and readily available tissue. This amniotic tissue has considerable advantageous characteristics to be considered as an attractive material in the field of regenerative medicine. It has low immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory properties and their cells can be isolated without the sacrifice of human embryos. Since it is discarded post-partum it may be useful for regenerative medicine and cell therapy. Amniotic membranes have already been used extensively as biologic dressings in ophthalmic, abdominal and plastic surgery. HAM contains two cell types, from different embryological origins, which display some characteristic properties of stem cells. Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) are derived from the embryonic ectoderm, while human amnion mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) are derived from the embryonic mesoderm. Both populations have similar immunophenotype and multipotential for in vitro differentiation into the major mesodermal lineages, however they differ in cell yield. Therefore, HAM has been proposed as a good candidate to be used in cell therapy or regenerative medicine to treat damaged or diseased tissues.Servizo Galego de Saúde; PS07/84Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER BBNCB06-01-0040Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI 08/2028Ministerio Ciencia e Innovacion; PLE2009-014

Potential use of the human amniotic membrane as a scaffold in human articular cartilage repair

[Abstract] The human amniotic membrane (HAM) is an abundant and readily obtained tissue that may be an important source of scaffold for transplanted chondrocytes in cartilage regeneration in vivo. To evaluate the potential use of cryopreserved HAMs as a support system for human chondrocytes in human articular cartilage repair. Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage, cultured and grown on the chorionic basement membrane side of HAMs. HAMs with chondrocytes were then used in 44 in vitro human osteoarthritis cartilage repair trials. Repair was evaluated at 4, 8 and 16 weeks by histological analysis. Chondrocytes cultured on the HAM revealed that cells grew on the chorionic basement membrane layer, but not on the epithelial side. Chondrocytes grown on the chorionic side of the HAM express type II collagen but not type I, indicating that after being in culture for 3–4 weeks they had not de-differentiated into fibroblasts. In vitro repair experiments showed formation on OA cartilage of new tissue expressing type II collagen. Integration of the new tissue with OA cartilage was excellent. The results indicate that cryopreserved HAMs can be used to support chondrocyte proliferation for transplantation therapy to repair OA cartilage.Servizo Galego de Saúde; PS07/84Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER BBN CB06-01-004