PERANCANGAN ALAT PENJEJAK MATAHARI PADA APLIKASI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA

Penggunaan panel sel surya sebagai sumber energi utama sudah banyak dikembangkan a ikasi industri maupun pada aplikasi rumah tangga. Namun penggunaan panel sel surya tersebut lebih banyak difokuskan sebagai sumber energi terbarukan dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian-penelitian untuk mengkaji bagaimana mengefisiensikan penggunaan panel surya sebagai surnber energi utama belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana mengefisiensikan penggunaan panel sel surya melalui rangkaian sistem alat yang disebut alat penjejak matahari. _Alat penjejak matahari yang akan dirancang menggunakan sensor LDR sebagai komponen deteksi arah pergerakan matahari yang dikendalikan secara otomatis oleh mikro konntroller AVR Atmega 2560. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan penggunaan rancangan alat penjajak matahari dapat meningkatkan rata-rata proseniase tegangan keluaran sel surya bisa mencapai 188% bila dibandingkan dengan kondisi sebelum panel sel surya menggunakan sistem alat penjajak matahar

Real time optical immunosensing with flow-through porous alumina membranes

Through the presentation of analytical data from bioassay experiments, measured by polarimetry, we demonstrate for the first time a real time immunoassay within a free standing macroporous alumina membrane. The 200 nm nominal pore diameter of the membrane enables flow-through, thereby providing an ideal fluidic platform for the targeted delivery of analytes to bioreceptors immobilized on the pore walls, enabling fast sensing response times and the use of small sample volumes (<100 μL). For the immunoassay, the pore walls were first coated with the functional copolymer, copoly(DMA-NAS) using a novel coupling process, before immobilization of the allergen protein, β-lactoglobulin, by spotting. The immuno-assay then proceeded with the binding of the primary and secondary antibody cognates, rabbit anti-β-lactoglobulin and anti-rabbit IgG respectively. Through the use of streptavidin coated quantum dots as refractive index signal enhancers, a noise floor for individual measurements of 3.7 ng/mL (25 pM) was obtained, with an overall statistical, or formal assay LOD of 33.7 ng/mL (225 pM), for total assay time below 1 h

A Real Time Immunoassay in Alumina Membranes

To date, photonic biosensing with porous membranes has produced slow responses and long sensing times, due to the narrow (less than 100 nm) closed end pores of the membranes used. Recently, polarimetry was used to demonstrate analyte flow through, and real time biosensing in, free-standing porous alumina membranes. Here, we demonstrate how an improved functionalization technology, has for the first time enabled a real-time immunoassay within a porous membrane with a total assay time below one hour. With the new approach, we show a noise floor for individual biosensing measurements of 3.7 ng/ml (25 pM), and a bulk refractive index detection limit of 5×10-6 RIU, with a standard deviation of less than 5%. The membranes, with their 200 nm pore diameter enabling targeted delivering of analytes to bioreceptors immobilized on the pore walls, therefore provide a route towards rapid and low cost real-time opto-fluidic biosensors for small sample volumes.QC 20150203Positiv