Oil and gas production technology

This training manual includes practical works on the course “Oil and gas production technology” in English. The petroleum industry include the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transporting (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and marketing petroleum products. The largest volume products of the industry are fuel oil, gasoline (petrol) and natural gas. The industry is usually divided into three major components: upstream, midstream and downstream. Upstream sector of petroleum industry includes exploration, development and production of crude oil or natural gas. Practical works acquaint students with the calculation methods of some processes and equipment used in the oil-gas production. The manual is intended for the students trained on a speciality 6.050304 "Oil and gas extraction" in English

Сравнение электрофизических характеристик различных комбинаций полипропиленово-полиэтилентерефcталантного диэлектрика, пропитанного трансформаторным маслом Т-1500 и полиметилсилоксановой жидкостью ПМС-20

Сравнение электрофизических характеристик различных комбинаций полипропиленово-полиэтилентерефcталантного диэлектрика, пропитанного трансформаторным маслом Т-1500 и полиметилсилоксановой жидкостью ПМС-20 = Comparison of electrophysical characteristics of various combinations of the polypropylene-polyethylene terephthalate dielectric impregnated with transformer oil T-1500 and polymethylsiloxane liquid PMS-20 / В. И. Гунько, А. Я. Дмитришин, С. О. Топоров, Е. Д. Танасова, Т. А. Фещук // Зб. наук. пр. НУК. – Миколаїв : НУК, 2018. – № 1–2 (473). – С. 21–26.Анотація. Розглянуто результати досліджень електрофізичних характеристик різних комбінацій просоченого поліпропіленово-поліетилентерефталатного діелектрика, що може бути використаний як робочий діелектрик секцій високовольтних імпульсних конденсаторів. На основі проведених експериментів на макетах секцій конденсатора проаналізовано вплив полярності діелектрика та обкладок секції на електричний опір ізоляції й короткочасну електричну міцність таких діелектричних систем.Abstract. The article considers the results of the studies on the electrophysical characteristics of various combinations of the impregnated dielectric polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate films, which can be applied as the working insulator of a high-voltage pulse capacitor’s sections. Experiments on mockups of the capacitor’s sections served as a basis for the analysis of the influence of polarity of the films and capacitor plates on the electrical insulation resistance and short-term dielectric strength of such dielectric systems. Recommendations for using dielectric systems as capacitor insulation are provided.Аннотация. Рассмотрены результаты исследований электрофизических характеристик различных комбинаций пропитанного полипропиленово-полиэтилентерефталатного диэлектрика, который может быть применен в качестве рабочего диэлектрика секций высоковольтных импульсных конденсаторов. На основе проведенных экспериментов на макетах секций конденсатора проанализировано влияние полярности диэлектрика и обкладок секции на электрическое сопротивление изоляции и кратковременную электрическую прочность таких диэлектрических систем

Tropological space : the imaginary space of figuration

The paper is devoted to the concept of tropological space, introduced by Michel Foucault in 1966 and alluded to in Hayden White’s tropics of discourse (1973, 1978, 2000), but never described in any detail in literary semantics or linguistic stylistics. The author presents her theory of a triple functional subdivision of stylistic figures and, consequently, of tropes (micro-, macro- and mega (meta)-level of description) and relates it to a gradually expanding tropological space of particular figures, their chains and groupings within a text. The author postulates that tropological space, the imaginary space created through figuration, is a sub-space of the Wittgensteinian logical space as well as a sub-space of textual / discursive space. Although the discussion refers mostly to literary texts, tropology – a branch of stylistics / poetics / rhetoric makes generalizations valid for the study of all kinds of texts / discourses. Figuration is assumed here to be an inherent feature of conceptual and linguistic expression. Finally, the author raises a methodological query as to the ontological status of tropological space, opting for the approach which treats it as a peculiar kind of semantic space rather than a mere metaphoric term. The discussion is based mostly on the Anglo-American studies on figuration (K. Burke, H. White, P. de Man, J. Hillis Miller, G. Hartman) that are rooted in the neo-classical rhetoric and writings of G. Vico. This line of thinking draws its philosophical inspiration from the European hermeneutics of P. Ricoeur, the Foucaultian theory of discourses and the Derridean deconstructionist ideas on the operation of language. The author brings additionally into consideration the conception of artistic space propagated by the Russian semiotic tradition and V. N. Toporov (1983/2003) in particular

Порівняння електрофізичних характеристик різних комбінацій поліпропіленові-поліетилентерефталатного діелектрика, просоченого трансформаторним маслом Т-1500 і поліметилсилоксановою рідиною ПМС-20

The article considers the results of the studies on the electrophysical characteristics of various combinations of the impregnated dielectric polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate films, which can be applied as the working insulator of a high-voltage pulse capacitor’s sections. Experiments on mockups of the capacitor’s sections served as a basis for the analysis of the influence of polarity of the films and capacitor plates on the electrical insulation resistance and short-term dielectric strength of such dielectric systems. Recommendations for using dielectric systems as capacitor insulation are provided.Рассмотрены результаты исследований электрофизических характеристик различных комбинаций пропитанного полипропиленово-полиэтилентерефталатного диэлектрика, который может быть применен в качестве рабочего диэлектрика секций высоковольтных импульсных конденсаторов. На основе проведенных экспериментов на макетах секций конденсатора проанализировано влияние полярности диэлектрика и обкладок секции на электрическое сопротивление изоляции и кратковременную электрическую прочность таких диэлектрических систем.Розглянуто результати досліджень електрофізичних характеристик різних комбінацій просоченого поліпропіленово-поліетилентерефталатного діелектрика, що може бути використаний як робочий діелектрик секцій високовольтних імпульсних конденсаторів. На основі проведених експериментів на макетах секцій конденсатора проаналізовано вплив полярності діелектрика та обкладок секції на електричний опір ізоляції й короткочасну електричну міцність таких діелектричних систем

Mutualistic Mimicry and Filtering by Altitude Shape the Structure of Andean Butterfly Communities

Both the abiotic environment and abiotic interactions among species contribute to shaping species assemblages. While the roles of habitat filtering and competitive interactions are clearly established, less is known about how positive interactions, whereby species benefit from the presence of one another, affect community structure. Here we assess the importance of positive interactions by studying Andean communities of butterflies that interact mutualistically via Müllerian mimicry. We show that communities at similar altitudes have a similar phylogenetic composition, confirming that filtering by altitude is an important process. We also provide evidence that species that interact mutualistically (i.e., species that share the same mimicry wing pattern) coexist at large scales more often than expected by chance. Furthermore, we detect an association between mimicry structure and altitude that is stronger than expected even when phylogeny is corrected for, indicating adaptive convergence for wing pattern and/or altitudinal range driven by mutualistic interactions. Positive interactions extend far beyond Müllerian mimicry, with many examples in plants and animals, and their role in the evolution and assembly of communities may be more pervasive than is currently appreciated. Our findings have strong implications for the evolution and resilience of community structure in a changing world

Presence/absence data and altitude data per Ithomiini species in the incidence-dataset

Presence/absence data obtained from field inventories supplemented by specimen data from multiple museum and private collections for 15 sites from eastern Ecuador. Locations and altitudes of the sites are given in Chazot et al (2013, American Naturalist). Each species was assigned to a mimicry complex. Some species exhibit sexual dimorphism. In some cases different subspecies/forms belong to different mimicry complexes, and are considered as different taxa. Minimum, maximum, median and mean altitude of each species are also given (extracted from a database of 3193 species locality records, KRW unpublished data)

Data from: Mutualistic mimicry and filtering by altitude shape the structure of Andean butterfly communities

Both the abiotic environment and abiotic interactions among species contribute to shaping species assemblages. While the roles of habitat filtering and competitive interactions are clearly established, less is known about how positive interactions, whereby species benefit from the presence of one another, affect community structure. Here we assess the importance of positive interactions by studying Andean communities of butterflies that interact mutualistically via Müllerian mimicry. We show that communities at similar altitudes have a similar phylogenetic composition, confirming that filtering by altitude is an important process. We also provide evidence that species that interact mutualistically (i.e., species that share the same mimicry wing pattern) coexist at large scales more often than expected by chance. Furthermore, we detect an association between mimicry structure and altitude that is stronger than expected even when phylogeny is corrected for, indicating adaptive convergence for wing pattern and/or altitudinal range driven by mutualistic interactions. Positive interactions extend far beyond Müllerian mimicry, with many examples in plants and animals, and their role in the evolution and assembly of communities may be more pervasive than is currently appreciated. Our findings have strong implications for the evolution and resilience of community structure in a changing world