Design and Implementation of an Active Balancer for LI + Batteries

Práce se zaobírá aktivním balancováním lithiových bateriových článků. V první části byla provedena rešerše různých metod balancování. Poté probíhal návrh obvodových prvků aktivního balancéru na principu buck-boost měničů a jeho ověření pomocí simulace. Na základě návrhu byl realizován prototyp včetně řídicí části s mikrokontrolerem a programového vybavení. Práce byla zakončena ověřením vlastností balanceru a jeho zhodnocením tak, aby mohlo být zařízení úspěšně použito v praxi, a tím dokázalo splnit svůj účel spočívající v prodloužení životnosti lithiových akumulátorů.The work deals with active balancing of lithium baterry cells. In the first part, a survey of different balancing methods was done. Then, the design of circuit elements of the active balancer based on the principle of buck-boost converters and verified through simulation. Based on the design, a prototype was realized, including a driving part with a microcontroller and software. At last, the properties of the balancer were verified and evaluated to ensure its successful practical application at extending the life of lithium batteries.430 - Katedra elektronikyvýborn

Instructions for using KiCad EDA software to draw wiring diagrams and PCB design.

Práce se zaobírá rešerší programů pro kreslení schémat a návrh desky plošných spojů. Rozebírá se zde rozdělení placených a volně šiřitelných programů a dále jejich uživatelská přívětivost. V dalším bodě je zjednodušeně popsán návod na veškeré části programu KiCad, jak s programem pracovat a jaké jsou jeho možnosti. Následuje zpracování ukázkového schématu digitálního multimetru a realizace jeho desky plošných spojů. V poslední řade je vypracován soubor výukových materiálů.This work deals with recherche of programs for drawing diagrams and PCB designers. These programs are divided into paid and freely distributable programs and their user friendliness. The next section simply describes every part of KiCad and how to work with it and also its possibilities. This is followed by the elaboration of a sample diagram which represents digital multimeter and its PCB. At last this work contains set of teaching materials.430 - Katedra elektronikyvýborn

Effect of Catheter-Based Patent Foramen Ovale Closure on the Occurrence of Arterial Bubbles in Scuba Divers

ObjectivesThis study sought to evaluate the effect of catheter-based patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure on the occurrence of arterial bubbles after simulated dives.BackgroundPFO is a risk factor of decompression sickness in divers due to paradoxical embolization of bubbles. To date, the effectiveness of catheter-based PFO closure in the reduction of arterial bubbles has not been demonstrated.MethodsA total of 47 divers (age 35.4 ± 8.6 years, 81% men) with a PFO (PFO group) or treated with a catheter-based PFO closure (closure group) were enrolled in this case-controlled observational trial. All divers were examined after a simulated dive in a hyperbaric chamber: 34 divers (19 in the PFO group, 15 in the closure group) performed a dive to 18 m for 80 min, and 13 divers (8 in the PFO group, 5 in the closure group) performed a dive to 50 m for 20 min. Within 60 min after surfacing, the presence of venous and arterial bubbles was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography and transcranial color-coded sonography, respectively.ResultsAfter the 18-m dive, venous bubbles were detected in 74% of divers in the PFO group versus 80% in the closure group (p = 1.0), and arterial bubbles were detected in 32% versus 0%, respectively (p = 0.02). After the 50-m dive, venous bubbles were detected in 88% versus 100%, respectively (p = 1.0), and arterial bubbles were detected in 88% versus 0%, respectively (p < 0.01).ConclusionsNo difference was observed in the occurrence of venous bubbles between the PFO and closure groups, but the catheter-based PFO closure led to complete elimination of arterial bubbles after simulated dives. (Nitrogen Bubble Detection After Simulated Dives in Divers With PFO and After PFO Closure; NCT01854281

System improvement of protection of employees against ionizing radiation from orphan sources in scrap metal collection facilities

Ensuring the safety and health of employees working in scrap metal collection facilities is one of the basic duties of each founder. It must assess all risk factors. One of the risk factors is the ionizing radiation from orphan sources when capturing and handling scrap metal. The operator of the facility for collecting scrap metal must accept the means that are optimal for its operation. The measures taken should be chosen based on a differentiated approach according to the character of the operation. Organizational, technical and system measures can be included in these funds. These measures are the subject of that article. © 2020 Czech Environment Management Center. All rights reserved

Identifying Bird Remains Using Ancient DNA Barcoding.

Bird remains that are difficult to identify taxonomically using morphological methods, are common in the palaeontological record. Other types of challenging avian material include artefacts and food items from endangered taxa, as well as remains from aircraft strikes. We here present a DNA-based method that enables taxonomic identification of bird remains, even from material where the DNA is heavily degraded. The method is based on the amplification and sequencing of two short variable parts of the 16S region in the mitochondrial genome. To demonstrate the applicability of this approach, we evaluated the method on a set of Holocene and Late Pleistocene postcranial bird bones from several palaeontological and archaeological sites in Europe with good success

Coherent control of solid state nuclear spin nano-ensembles

Detecting and controlling nuclear spin nano-ensembles is crucial for the further development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and for the emerging solid state quantum technology. Here we present the fabrication of a $\approx$ 1 nanometre thick diamond layer consisting of $^{13}$C nuclear spins doped with Nitrogen-Vacancy centres (NV) embedded in a spin-free $^{12}$C crystal matrix. A single NV in the vicinity of the layer is used for polarization of the $^{13}$C spins and the readout of their magnetization. We demonstrate a method for coherent control of few tens of nuclear spins by using radio frequency pulses and show the basic coherent control experiments - Rabi oscillations, Ramsey spectroscopy and Hahn echo, though any NMR pulse sequence can be implemented. The results shown present a first steps towards the realization of a nuclear spin based quantum simulator