Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common susceptibility polymorphisms for colorectal and endometrial cancer near SH2B3 and TSHZ1

High-risk mutations in several genes predispose to both colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC). We therefore hypothesised that some lower-risk genetic variants might also predispose to both CRC and EC. Using CRC and EC genome-wide association series, totalling 13,265 cancer cases and 40,245 controls, we found that the protective allele [G] at one previously-identified CRC polymorphism, rs2736100 near TERT, was associated with EC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.08, P = 0.000167); this polymorphism influences the risk of several other cancers. A further CRC polymorphism near TERC also showed evidence of association with EC (OR = 0.92; P = 0.03). Overall, however, there was no good evidence that the set of CRC polymorphisms was associated with EC risk, and neither of two previously-reported EC polymorphisms was associated with CRC risk. A combined analysis revealed one genome-wide significant polymorphism, rs3184504, on chromosome 12q24 (OR = 1.10, P = 7.23 × 10−9) with shared effects on CRC and EC risk. This polymorphism, a missense variant in the gene SH2B3, is also associated with haematological and autoimmune disorders, suggesting that it influences cancer risk through the immune response. Another polymorphism, rs12970291 near gene TSHZ1, was associated with both CRC and EC (OR = 1.26, P = 4.82 × 10−8), with the alleles showing opposite effects on the risks of the two cancers

Stevioside Has the Maximum Biological Activity among Natural Stevia Diterpenes

© 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Abstract: The concentrations of steviol and its derivatives stimulating the growth of wheat plants were measured: 10–8 for stevioside and 10–9 М for steviol and isosteviol. It was found that stevioside increased the activity of amylolytic enzymes and protein content, as well as frost tolerance of the roots of wheat seedlings. Thus, stevioside can be recommended for the development of complex phytopreparations for stimulating the growth processes and increasing the resistance of wheat plants to low temperatures

Dynamics of the level of total electron content disturbance at high and middle latitudes according to GPS data

We study the level of total electron content (TEC) disturbance in ionospheric mid-latitude and high-latitude regions, which occurred during 2013. TEC behavior is calculated using data from two GPS stations: MOND (Mondy) and NRIL (Norilsk). TEC variations are estimated from dual-frequency phase measurements for all radio signal paths. We analyze the TEC variations in two time ranges: 10 and 40 min. These ranges correspond to medium- and large-scale ionospheric disturbances respectively. The TEC disturbance level is characterized using a special index WTEC. It allows us to receive multi-day continuous series of average TEC variation intensity. We reveal that at high latitudes WTEC variations correlate well with AE ones. The correlation between WTEC and Dst variations is much lower. The minimum level of TEC disturbance is independent of the season in the Arctic region; diurnal WTEC variations are more pronounced for medium-scale ionospheric disturbances than for large-scale ones. At mid-latitudes, the WTEC variation concurs with Dst and Kp variations only during strong magnetic storms. The minimum level of TEC disturbance is higher in summer than in winter. At middle latitudes, the sunset terminator generates gravity waves. In the Arctic region, terminator-induced waves are not observed

Structures of the conformational isomers and polymorph modifications of N-substituted 2,6-(E,E)-bis(ferrocenylidene)piperid-4-ones: Photo- and electrochemically induced E/Z isomerization

Four N-substituted 2,6-(E,E)-bis(ferrocenylidene)piperid-4-ones (NH 1, NMe 2, NEt 3, NCH2Ph 4) were prepared by aldol condensation between ferrocenecarbaldehyde and two equivalents of N-substituted piperid-4-ones with high yields. The N-protonated compounds were obtained by reaction with HBF4·Et2O acid. The molecular structures of compounds 2, 3, 2·HBF4 and 4·HBF4 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and three types of conformational isomers were elucidated. Two polymorph modifications were found for compound 2·HBF4. The electron transfer properties of the complexes were examined by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical techniques. Complexes 1-4 undergo a reversible process of two-electron oxidation and partially reversible one-electron reduction. The photo- and electrochemically induced E/Z isomerisation of the complexes was monitored by UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy