By the waters of Minnetonka: an Indian love song

https://digitalcommons.ithaca.edu/sheetmusic/1131/thumbnail.jp

By the waters of Minnetonka: an Indian love song

https://digitalcommons.ithaca.edu/sheetmusic/1132/thumbnail.jp

By the Waters of Minnetonka : An Indian Love Song

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/1195/thumbnail.jp

Critical analysis of the governance of the Sainte Luce Locally Managed Marine Area (LMMA), southeast Madagascar

The Marine Protected Area Governance (MPAG) framework is applied to critically assess the governance of the Sainte Luce Locally Managed Marine Area (LMMA), southeast Madagascar. Madagascar experiences rapid population growth, widespread poverty, corruption and political instability, which hinders natural resource governance. Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) has been repeatedly employed to circumvent the lack of state capacity. This includes the LMMA model, which has rapidly proliferated, represented by MIHARI, Madagascar's LMMA network. The lobster fishing is the primary source of income for households in the impoverished community of Sainte Luce, one of the key landing sites in the regional export industry. However, fishers, industry actors and available data suggest a significant decline of local and regional stocks, likely due to over-exploitation driven by poverty and migration. In 2013, SEED Madagascar a UK NGO, worked to establish community-based fishery management in Sainte Luce, setting up a local management committee, which introduced a periodic no take zone (NTZ). Despite the community's efforts and some significant achievements, the efficacy of management is limited. To date, limited state support and the lack of engagement by actors throughout the value chain have hampered effective governance. The study reinforces the finding that resilient governance relies on a diversity of actors and the incentives they collectively employ. Here and elsewhere, there is a limit to what can be achieved by bottom-up approaches in isolation. Resilient management of marine resources in Madagascar relies on improving the capacity of community, state, NGO and industry actors to collectively govern resources

The effects of repeated-sprint training on physical fitness and physiological adaptation in athletes:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Repeated-sprint training (RST) is a common training method for enhancing physical fitness in athletes. To advance RST prescription, it is important to understand the effects of programming variables on physical fitness and physiological adaptation.ObjectivesThis study (1) quantifies the pooled effects of running RST on changes in 10 and 20 m sprint time, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1) distance, repeated-sprint ability (RSA), countermovement jump (CMJ) height and change of direction (COD) ability in athletes, and (2) examines the moderating effects of program duration, training frequency, weekly volume, sprint modality, repetition distance, number of repetitions per set and number of sets per session on changes in these outcome measures.MethodsPubmed, SPORTDiscus and Scopus databases were searched for original research articles up to 04 July 2023, investigating RST in healthy, able-bodied athletes, between 14 and 35 years of age, and a performance calibre of trained or above. RST interventions were limited to repeated, maximal running (land-based) sprints of ≤ 10 s duration, with ≤ 60 s recovery, performed for 2–12 weeks. A Downs and Black checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Eligible data were analysed using multi-level mixed-effects meta-analysis, with standardised mean changes determined for all outcomes. Standardised effects [Hedges G (G)] were evaluated based on coverage of their confidence (compatibility) intervals (CI) using a strength and conditioning specific reference value of G = 0.25 to declare an improvement (i.e. G > 0.25) or impairment (i.e. G < − 0.25) in outcome measures. Applying the same analysis, the effects of programming variables were then evaluated against a reference RST program, consisting of three sets of 6 × 30 m straight-line sprints performed twice per week for 6 weeks (1200 m weekly volume).Results40 publications were included in our investigation, with data from 48 RST groups (541 athletes) and 19 active control groups (213 athletes). Across all studies, the effects of RST were compatible with improvements in VO2max (G 0.56, 90% CI 0.32–0.80), YYIR1 distance (G 0.61, 90% CI 0.43–0.79), RSA decrement (G − 0.61, 90% CI − 0.85 to − 0.37), linear sprint times (10 m: G − 0.35, 90% CI − 0.48 to − 0.22; 20 m: G − 0.48, 90% CI − 0.69 to − 0.27), RSA average time (G − 0.34, 90% CI − 0.49 to − 0.18), CMJ height (G 0.26, 90% CI 0.13–0.39) and COD ability (G − 0.32, 90% CI − 0.52 to − 0.12). Compared with the reference RST program, the effects of manipulating training frequency (+ 1 session per week), program duration (+ 1 extra training week), RST volume (+ 200 m per week), number of reps (+ 2 per set), number of sets per session (+ 1 set) or rep distance (+ 10 m per rep) were either non-substantial or comparable with an impairment in at least one outcome measure per programming variable.ConclusionsRunning-based RST improves speed, intermittent running performance, VO2max, RSA, COD ability and CMJ height in trained athletes. Performing three sets of 6 × 30 m sprints, twice per week for 6 weeks is effective for enhancing physical fitness and physiological adaptation. Additionally, since our findings do not provide conclusive support for the manipulation of RST variables, further work is needed to better understand how programming factors can be manipulated to augment training-induced adaptations.Study RegistrationOpen Science Framework registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RVNDW

Determination of protein thiol reduction potential by isotope labeling and intact mass measurement

Oxidation/reduction of thiol residues in proteins is an important type of post-translational modification that is implicated in regulating a range of biological processes. The nature of the modification makes it possible to define a quantifiable electrochemical potential, E⊕, for oxidation/reduction that allows cysteine-containing proteins to be ranked based on their propensity to be oxidized. Measuring oxidation of cysteine residues in proteins is difficult using standard electrochemical methods but recently top-down mass-spectrometry has been shown to enable the quantification of E⊕ for thiol oxidations. In this paper we demonstrate that mass spectrometry of intact proteins can be used in combination with an isotopic labeling strategy and an automated data analysis algorithm to measure E⊕ for the thiols in both E Coli Thioredoxin 1 and Human Thioredoxin 1. Our methodology relies on accurate mass measurement of proteins using LC-MS analyses and does not necessarily require top-down fragmentation. As well as analyzing homogeneous protein samples, we also demonstrate that our methodology can be used to determine thiol E⊕ measurements in samples which contain mixtures of proteins. Thus the combination of experiential methodology and data analysis regime have the potential to make such measurements in a high-throughput manner and in a manner more accessible to a broad community of protein scientists