106 research outputs found
Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report Volume 2: The Physics Program for DUNE at LBNF
The Physics Program for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at
the Fermilab Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) is described
US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter 2017: Community Report
This white paper summarizes the workshop "U.S. Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in
Dark Matter" held at University of Maryland on March 23-25, 2017.Comment: 102 pages + reference
The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the
dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for
life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront
of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early
evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The
Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed
plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE
is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity
neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream
of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed
as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research
Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in
Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at
Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino
charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet
cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can
accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional
combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and
potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility
for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around
the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program
of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of
LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics
worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will
possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for
LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a
comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the
landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate
and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure
Protein motions and dynamic effects in enzyme catalysis
The role of protein motions in promoting the chemical step of enzyme catalysed reactions remains a subject of considerable debate. Here, a unified view of the role of protein dynamics in dihydrofolate reductase catalysis is described. Recently the role of such motions has been investigated by characterising the biophysical properties of isotopically substituted enzymes through a combination of experimental and computational analyses. Together with previous work, these results suggest that dynamic coupling to the chemical coordinate is detrimental to catalysis and may have been selected against during DHFR evolution. The full catalytic power of Nature's catalysts appears to depend on finely tuning protein motions in each step of the catalytic cycle
First Measurement of Differential Charged Current Quasielasticlike νμ-Argon Scattering Cross Sections with the MicroBooNE Detector
We report on the first measurement of flux-integrated single differential cross sections for chargedcurrent
(CC) muon neutrino (νμ) scattering on argon with a muon and a proton in the final state, 40Ar
ðνμ; μpÞX. The measurement was carried out using the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory and the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber detector with an
exposure of 4.59 × 1019 protons on target. Events are selected to enhance the contribution of CC
quasielastic (CCQE) interactions. The data are reported in terms of a total cross section as well as single
differential cross sections in final state muon and proton kinematics.We measure the integrated per-nucleus
CCQE-like cross section (i.e., for interactions leading to a muon, one proton, and no pions above detection
threshold) of ð4.93 0.76stat 1.29sysÞ × 10−38 cm2, in good agreement with theoretical calculations. The
single differential cross sections are also in overall good agreement with theoretical predictions, except at
very forward muon scattering angles that correspond to low-momentum-transfer events.United States Department of Energy (DOE)National Science Foundation (NSF)Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), part of the United Kingdom Research and InnovationRoyal Society of LondonAlbert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Bern, SwitzerlandAzrieli FoundationZuckerman STEM Leadership ProgramIsrael Science FoundationVisiting Scholars Award Program of the Universities Research AssociationDE-AC02-07CH1135
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