Population Frequencies of the Triallelic 5HTTLPR in Six Ethnicially Diverse Samples from North America, Southeast Asia, and Africa

Genetic differences between populations are a potentially an important contributor to health disparities around the globe. As differences in gene frequencies influence study design, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the natural variation of the genetic variant(s) of interest. Along these lines, we characterized the variation of the 5HTTLPR and rs25531 polymorphisms in six samples from North America, Southeast Asia, and Africa (Cameroon) that differ in their racial and ethnic composition. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined for 24,066 participants. Results indicated higher frequencies of the rs25531 G-allele among Black and African populations as compared with White, Hispanic and Asian populations. Further, we observed a greater number of ‘extra-long’ (‘XL’) 5HTTLPR alleles than have previously been reported. Extra-long alleles occurred almost entirely among Asian, Black and Non-White Hispanic populations as compared with White and Native American populations where they were completely absent. Lastly, when considered jointly, we observed between sample differences in the genotype frequencies within racial and ethnic populations. Taken together, these data underscore the importance of characterizing the L-G allele to avoid misclassification of participants by genotype and for further studies of the impact XL alleles may have on the transcriptional efficiency of SLC6A4

Censored Young Adult Sports Novels: Entry Points for Understanding Issues of Identities and Equity

In early 2018, first-year high school student Ny’Shira Lundy challenged the banning of Angie Thomas’s (2017) young adult novel The Hate U Give, which for reasons of vulgarity, was temporarily removed from shelves in Katy, Texas. In February 2018, the more public and privileged National Basketball Association (NBA) players, LeBron James and Kevin Durant, were also challenged, this time by political talk show host Laura Ingraham, who reacted to the players’ unfavorable public comments about the President of the United States. “Must they run their mouths like that?” Ingraham (ingrahamangle, 2018) asked. “Unfortunately, a lot of kids—and some adults—take these ignorant comments seriously. And it’s always unwise to seek political advice from someone who gets paid a hundred million dollars a year to bounce a ball” (Bonesteel & Bieler, 2018). On social media, the hashtag #ShutUpAndDribble exploded

Population Frequencies of the Triallelic 5HTTLPR in Six Ethnicially Diverse Samples from North America, Southeast Asia, and Africa

Genetic differences between populations are a potentially an important contributor to health disparities around the globe. As differences in gene frequencies influence study design, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the natural variation of the genetic variant(s) of interest. Along these lines, we characterized the variation of the 5HTTLPR and rs25531 polymorphisms in six samples from North America, Southeast Asia, and Africa (Cameroon) that differ in their racial and ethnic composition. Allele and genotype frequencies were determined for 24,066 participants. Results indicated higher frequencies of the rs25531 G-allele among Black and African populations as compared with White, Hispanic and Asian populations. Further, we observed a greater number of ‘extra-long’ (‘XL’) 5HTTLPR alleles than have previously been reported. Extra-long alleles occurred almost entirely among Asian, Black and Non-White Hispanic populations as compared with White and Native American populations where they were completely absent. Lastly, when considered jointly, we observed between sample differences in the genotype frequencies within racial and ethnic populations. Taken together, these data underscore the importance of characterizing the L-G allele to avoid misclassification of participants by genotype and for further studies of the impact XL alleles may have on the transcriptional efficiency of SLC6A4

Walker et al 2021 Segment tip geometry of sheet intrusions I

Supplementary datasets to accompany Walker et al. (2021) Segment tip geometry of sheet intrusions, I: Theory and numerical models for the role of tip shape in controlling propagation pathways.Supplementary File 1: Superellipse maximum curvature calculator.Supplementary File 2: Model results data.Supplementary File 3: COMSOL Multiphysics (v5.3) model file (.mph format).The citation for these resources is: Walker RJ, Stephens TL, Greenfield C, Gill SPA, Healy D, Poppe S. (2021) Segment tip geometry of sheet intrusions, I: Theory and numerical models for the role of tip shape in controlling propagation pathways. Volcanica 4(2): 189–201. DOI: 10.30909/vol.04.02.189201</div