Mitigation and Adaptation Practices to the Impact of Climate Change on Wine Grape Production, with Special Reference to the South African Context

In South Africa, environmentally and socio-economically sustainable wine grape production is promotedby governmental and private initiatives. All the initiatives contribute to establishing a scientificallybased response strategy of agro-systems to ensure sustainable production under future expected climateconditions. South African wine grape producers would probably have to cultivate their grapevines underhigher atmospheric CO2 levels and in warmer, mostly drier, conditions. Due to the projected increase inclimatic variability, an effort must be made to improve the resilience of vines against these environmentalconditions. Whole-vine functioning and balances should be considered when adjustments are madeto current long and short term cultivation practices. All practices should be aimed at promoting thedevelopment of a deep, dense and buffered root system that is able to support a well-developed canopywith optimal microclimate that would sustain a high yield of good quality. Mitigation and adaptationstrategies would most likely have to be region specific, and small scale terroir data, (which should includeboth climate and terrain/soil information) may play a critical role in decision-making

Siektes van peroksisome - 'n oorsig

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Ultrastructural localisation of iron in the jejunum of black children with pellagra

No Abstract

The mineral and lipid composition of the arteries of white and bantu children

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Die Basaalmetabolisme-snelheid van blanke en bantoeverpleegsters

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Cobalt silicide formation on a Si(1 0 0) substrate in the presence of an interfacial (Fe90Zr10) interlayer

The reaction between a thin film (126 nm) of Co and Si has been studied at 450 C for 24 h under high vacuum conditions, in the presence of a FeZr barrier layer. Without a diffusion barrier layer between Co and Si, Co2Si forms at 350 C as the initial phase while CoSi2 forms at 550 C. The FeZr barrier layer changed the flux of atoms arriving at the reaction interface. Co reacted with the Si from the substrate and formed a mixed layer of CoSi and CoSi2 in the interlayer region. The use of the FeZr diffusion barrier has been demonstrated to lower the temperature formation of CoSi2 to 450 C. The reactions were characterised by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling, X-ray diffraction using CoKa radiation and scanning electron microscopy.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/nimb2016-09-30hb201

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Physiology : structure and function

The future development of Physiology, with special reference to human physiology, was briefly discussed. It was stated that this development will involve the increasingly detailed description of structure-function correlations to the molecular level. The implications of this development for the research activities of the Physiology Department were illustrated by current research projects in the Department with special reference to neuro-endocrinology as exemplified by the structure and function of the pineal gland. Practical problems in the implementation of a research strategy for the Department, e.g. lack of full-time research personnel, isolation from active research centers and lack of financial support from the private sector, were briefly discussed. In the teaching activities of the Department, which mainly involve training of so-called basic medical practitioners, the academic requirements of Physiology as a scientific discipline in its own right, must not be neglected. An earnest plea for a better balance between academic and clinical physiologists in the Department and for better liaison with clinical Departments was made.Item was scanned at 300 dpi. Scanner used HP Scanjet 5590Pp.13-18: Publikasies van die Universiteit van Pretoria (Nuwe Reeks)http://explore.up.ac.za/record=b120157

Vrugbaarheidsvraagstuk in die nuwe bodemkunde

http://explore.up.ac.za/record=b172897