Revisiting the Fourier transform on the Heisenberg group

A recent theorem of S. Alesker, S. Artstein-Avidan and V. Milman characterises the Fourier transform on Rn as essentially the only transform on the space of tempered distributions which interchanges convolutions and pointwise products. In this note we study the image of the Schwartz space on the Heisenberg group under the Fourier transform and obtain a similar characterisation for the Fourier transform on the Heisenberg group

THE WOUND HEALING PROPERTY OF THYME OLEORESIN FROM THYMUS VULGARIS L. ON HACAT KERATINOCYTES

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the wound healing property of thyme oleoresin using HaCaT keratinocytes.Methods: The effect of thyme oleoresin on cell migratory activity of HaCaT keratinocytes was investigated and analyzed using scratch assay. The HaCaT cell line was obtained from NCCS Pune and maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Media. The keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) were trypsinized for 30 s and passaged to T25 flasks in complete aseptic environment. The effect of thyme oleoresin on wound closure was determined using a 12-well plate. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium with dimethyl sulfoxide was used as control. The effect of thyme oleoresin on wound closure was determined microscopically at 20× magnification using Nikon microscope. The experiment was performed in triplicate. The wound area was photographed and analyzed.Results: Thyme oleoresin at 25 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml has significantly promoted the migration of HaCaT cells, thereby leading to wound closure.Conclusion: The study has proved the wound healing property of thyme oleoresin, and hence, it may be used for wound healing purpose in a natural way

Effects of Cr microalloying on structural evolution, crystallization behavior and micromechanical properties of ZrCoAlCr bulk metallic glass

This paper deals with the role of minor addition of Cr on the atomic rearrangement and crystallization evolution in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass. For this purpose, Cr elements with 1-4% atomic percentage were added into the alloying composition. The X-ray diffraction results indicated that the trace element led to the increase in disordered structures in the glassy alloy and the decline in population of short and medium scale order

A comprehensive and systemic review of ginseng-based nanomaterials: Synthesis, targeted delivery, and biomedical applications

Among 17 Panax species identified across the world, Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng), and Panax notoginseng (Chinese ginseng) are highly recognized for the presence of bioactive compound, ginsenosides and their pharmacological effects. P. ginseng is widely used for synthesis of different types of nanoparticles compared to P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng. The use of nano-ginseng could increase the oral bioavailability, membrane permeability, and thus provide effective delivery of ginsenosides to the target sites through transport system. In this review, we explore the synthesis of ginseng nanoparticles using plant extracts from various organs, microbes, and polymers, as well as their biomedical applications. Furthermore, we highlight transporters involved in transport of ginsenoside nanoparticles to the target sites. Size, zeta potential, temperature, and pH are also discussed as the critical parameters affecting the quality of ginseng nanoparticles synthesis

Nutrient pattern analysis of mineral based, simple sugar based, and fat based diets and risk of metabolic syndrome: a comparative nutrient panel

BACKGROUND: Although there is growing evidence on the association between nutrient patterns and metabolic risk factors, very little is known about the relationship between nutrient patterns and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to examine the associations of nutrient patterns with MetS among apparently healthy obese adults living in Tabriz, Iran. METHODS: Three hundred and forty-seven apparently healthy obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) adults aged 20–50 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake of 38 nutrients was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of 132 food items. Nutrient patterns were determined using factor analysis. The MetS was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). RESULTS: Three major nutrient patterns were extracted: “Mineral based pattern”, “Simple sugar based pattern” and “Fat based pattern”. There was no significant association between nutrient patterns and MetS, in the crude model even after adjusting for confounders. There was a significant difference between quartiles in the mineral based pattern for free mass (FFM), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), large Waist circumference (WC) and Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). In the simple sugar based pattern, we observed a significant association for SBP, DBP, and triglyceride (TG) levels. In addition, the fat based pattern was positively associated with BMI, and weight. CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe any significant association of nutrient patterns with the risk of MetS amongst the apparently healthy obese adult's population. Whereas we confirmed the deleterious effect of the simple sugar and fat based patterns on several metabolic risk factors, our findings also showed that the mineral based pattern is related to healthier metabolic factors in an Iranian population. These results should be approved by future studies to recognize any causal relationship between adherence to specific nutrient patterns and MetS. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12902-022-00963-2

A review on material analysis of food safety based on fluorescence spectrum combined with artificial neural network technology

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to achieve rapid and accurate detection of pesticide residues, the artificial neural network method is used to separate the mixed fluorescence spectra in the measurement of acetamiprid pesticide residues, and a fluorescence spectrum that can quickly detect the pesticide residues of acetamiprid on solid surfaces is designed. According to the back-propagation algorithm, the three-layer artificial neural network principle is used to detect the acetamiprid residue in the mixed system of acetamiprid and filter paper with severely overlapping fluorescence spectra. In the range of 340nm~400nm, using the fluorescence intensity values ​​at 20 characteristic wavelengths as the characteristic network parameters, after network training and testing, the recovery rates of acetamiprid concentrations of 40mg/kg and 90mg/kg are 102% and 97%, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the determination results were 1.4% and 1.9%, respectively. The experimental results show that the BP neural network-assisted fluorescence spectroscopy method for the determination of acetamiprid pesticide residues on filter paper has the characteristics of fast network training, short detection period, and high measurement accuracy

Development of hybrid machine learning model for simulation of chemical reactors in water treatment applications: Absorption in amino acid

Separation and capture of CO2 from gas mixtures is of great importance from environmental point of view which can be effectively achieved using amino acids as new class of chemical absorbents. However, screening the proper absorbent with desired separation properties using experimental measurements is tedious and costly. The predictive computational techniques can be employed to overcome this problem. In this study, for estimating and analyzing CO2 solubility in chemical solvents based on amino acid salt solutions, we created two regression models from different classes of machine learning methods. The main aim is to analyze the effect of physico-chemical parameters on the CO2 dissolution in solvent which can be carried out in chemical reactors for separation/conversion of CO2 for environmental applications. A number of CO2 solubility data are collected from resources and used for training and validation of machine learning computations. Several inputs were considered for the developed machine learning models. Inputs in this regression task are T (temperature), weight% (overall mass percentage of solvent), PCO2 (partial pressure of CO2 in the gas), MW-am (molecular weight of amino acid salt), MPC (melting point of amino acid salt), MWC (molecular mass of cation). In this task, we must predict alpha (CO2 loading in the amino acid solution) as the only output of the developed models. The models studied in this research are the Gaussian process and the decision tree boosted with Gradient boosting. With the R 2 criterion, the scores of the two Gradient boosting and Gaussian process models were obtained 0.985 and 0.993, respectively. As the third efficiency metric of the models, the Gradient boosting and regression of the Gaussian process with the RMSE criterion is the error rates of 1.10E−01 and 1.44E−01. The models developed in this work indicated to be reliable and robust enough for screening the solvents for a particular application and to save time and cost of experimental measurements

Cellular signalling pathways mediating the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases: an update

Respiratory disorders, especially non-communicable, chronic inflammatory diseases, are amongst the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Respiratory diseases involve multiple pulmonary components, including airways and lungs that lead to their abnormal physiological functioning. Several signaling pathways have been reported to play an important role in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. These pathways, in addition, become the compounding factors contributing to the clinical outcomes in respiratory diseases. A range of signaling components such as Notch, Hedgehog, Wingless/Wnt, bone morphogenetic proteins, epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor is primarily employed by these pathways in the eventual cascade of events. The different aberrations in such cell-signaling processes trigger the onset of respiratory diseases making the conventional therapeutic modalities ineffective. These challenges have prompted us to explore novel and effective approaches for the prevention and/or treatment of respiratory diseases. In this review, we have attempted to deliberate on the current literature describing the role of major cell signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases and discuss promising advances in the field of therapeutics that could lead to novel clinical therapies capable of preventing or reversing pulmonary vascular pathology in such patients

Targeting eosinophils in respiratory diseases: Biological axis, emerging therapeutics and treatment modalities

Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and infectious diseases are triggered with their build up in the blood and tissues. The mobilization of eosinophils into the lungs is regulated by a cascade of processes guided by Th2 cytokine generating T-cells. Recruitment of eosinophils essentially leads to a characteristic immune response followed by airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which are hallmarks of chronic respiratory diseases. By analysing the dynamic interactions of eosinophils with their extracellular environment, which also involve signaling molecules and tissues, various therapies have been invented and developed to target respiratory diseases. Having entered clinical testing, several eosinophil targeting therapeutic agents have shown much promise and have further bridged the gap between theory and practice. Moreover, researchers now have a clearer understanding of the roles and mechanisms of eosinophils. These factors have successfully assisted molecular biologists to block specific pathways in the growth, migration and activation of eosinophils. The primary purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the eosinophil biology with a special emphasis on potential pharmacotherapeutic targets. The review also summarizes promising eosinophil-targeting agents, along with their mechanisms and rationale for use, including those in developmental pipeline, in clinical trials, or approved for other respiratory disorders

Prevalence of stunting among under-five children in refugee and internally displaced communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundA pooled estimate of stunting prevalence in refugee and internally displaced under-five children can help quantify the problem and focus on the nutritional needs of these marginalized groups. We aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of stunting in refugees and internally displaced under-five children from different parts of the globe.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, seven databases (Cochrane, EBSCOHost, EMBASE, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) along with “preprint servers” were searched systematically from the earliest available date to 14 February 2023. Refugee and internally displaced (IDP) under-five children were included, and study quality was assessed using “National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)” tools.ResultsA total of 776 abstracts (PubMed = 208, Scopus = 192, Cochrane = 1, Web of Science = 27, Embase = 8, EBSCOHost = 123, ProQuest = 5, Google Scholar = 209, and Preprints = 3) were retrieved, duplicates removed, and screened, among which 30 studies were found eligible for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The pooled prevalence of stunting was 26% [95% confidence interval (CI): 21–31]. Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 99%, p < 0.01). A subgroup analysis of the type of study subjects revealed a pooled stunting prevalence of 37% (95% CI: 23–53) in internally displaced populations and 22% (95% CI: 18–28) among refugee children. Based on geographical distribution, the stunting was 32% (95% CI: 24–40) in the African region, 34% (95% CI: 24–46) in the South-East Asian region, and 14% (95% CI: 11–19) in Eastern Mediterranean region.ConclusionThe stunting rate is more in the internally displaced population than the refugee population and more in the South-East Asian and African regions. Our recommendation is to conduct further research to evaluate the determinants of undernutrition among under-five children of refugees and internally displaced populations from different regions so that international organizations and responsible stakeholders of that region can take effective remedial actions.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=387156, PROSPERO [CRD42023387156]