Effect of slaughter weight on the quality of Nile tilapia fillets

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of slaughter weight on the expression of calpastatin, mcalpain and the RyR3 gene, and on the chemical composition, morphometric measurements, fillet yield and sensorial characteristics of Nile tilapia fillets. In the experiment, 90 Nile tilapia were divided into three experimental treatments regarding slaughter weight (n = 30): in treatment 1, tilapia aged 140 days were slaughtered with an average body weight of 665 ± 85 g; in treatment 2, the animals were slaughtered at 182 days and weighed 1000 ± 177 g; and in treatment 3, they were slaughtered at 238 days and weighed 1325 ± 167 g. There was no significant difference (P > .05) between the treatments for the chemical composition and fillet yield. Fillets of tilapia slaughtered with a weight of 665 g presented higher expression of mcalpain and lower expression of calpastatin gene, lower pH values of the thawed fillet, lower drip and thawing loss, and lower shear force than animals slaughtered with the highest evaluated weight. Tilapias slaughtered at 665 g also presented higher flavor and general acceptance. These results show that slaughter weight may influence important aspects of the quality of Nile tilapia fillets and that the slaughter of Nile tilapia with a body weight of 665 g allows fillets that serve the consumer market to be obtained.This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq, Brazil. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of prenatal ambient temperature on the performance physiological parameters, and oxidative metabolism of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) layers exposed to heat stress during growth

A strategy to mitigate the negative effects of stress on animals is to enhance their ability to beneficially respond to stressful conditions. This study aimed to assess whether prenatal ambient temperature influences the response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to environmental challenges during growth. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: two temperature conditions for the mothers (thermoneutral and heat stress by continuous exposure to 32 °C) and two offspring ambient temperature conditions (thermoneutral and heat stress by intermittent exposure to 34 °C for 6 h/day from 15 to 35 days of age). Heat stress in mothers led to lower laying rate, egg mass, expression of methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) gene, and antioxidant capacity as well as higher chick mortality rate (1–15 days of age). Maternal heat stress led to lower weight gain and total antioxidant capacity and higher feed conversion ratio. Maternal temperature × Offspring temperature interaction effects were observed on carbonylated protein content and HSP70, GSS, and MSRA gene expression. It was observed that, for chicks hatched from heat-stressed mothers, exposure to heat stress led to higher carbonylated protein content and HSP70 expression than exposure to thermoneutral conditions. Maternal heat stress was also responsible for increasing GSS expression in chicks grown under thermoneutral conditions. Chicks hatched from non-stressed mothers and subjected to heat stress had higher MSRA expression compared to chicks maintained in a thermoneutral environment. Our results show that, although maternal heat stress had no negative effects on performance or oxidative metabolism of offspring grown under thermoneutral conditions, it was associated with lower performance and higher protein oxidation in offspring exposed to heat stress during growth. These results could be due in part to alterations in the expression of genes related to antioxidant capacity

A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS CUIDADOS À MULHER CLIMATÉRIA NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA DE SAÚDE: UMA ABORDAGEM NUTRICIONAL E BIOPSICOSSOCIAL

Introduction: Menopause is the phase that corresponds to the last menstrual cycle, generally around 48 to 50 years of age. In some cases, women seek hormone replacement therapy (HRT) through medication, a treatment that helps alleviate symptoms. However, it is worth highlighting that nutrition deserves special attention, along with the monitoring of a multidisciplinary team in Basic Health Care, as it is a great ally at this stage of women's lives, favoring greater efficiency of the body and improving symptoms and discomforts. caused by the moment. Objective: To identify how multidisciplinary monitoring in primary care can qualitatively help the lives of women who are going through menopause. Methodology: An integrative literature review using keywords: Nutritional Monitoring; Menopause; Climacteric; Nutrition; Women's health; Basic Care. 114 articles were found using the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Public MEDLINE (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases, applying inclusion criteria and exclusion, 12 articles remained. Results: Studies have shown that a diet rich in grains, vegetables, fiber and fruits improves menopause symptoms and reduces the risk of heart disease and hormonal disorders. In addition to highlighting that, although there are protocols and recommendations for climacteric patients, which aim to guarantee access and comprehensive care by the multidisciplinary team, there is still weak coordination between Basic Health Care professionals and a lack of comprehensive care with these women. Conclusion: Basic Health Care plays a fundamental role in welcoming these women in the climacteric period, together with a multidisciplinary team, in which a healthy diet combined with functional therapy with a biopsychosocial focus, whether homeopathic or herbal, could help reduce the symptoms that cause discomfort of great proportions both in the pre- and post-menopausal period. However, it is important to invest in actions that can change these practices, with individual and collective activities, involving partners and the support network.Introdução: A menopausa é a fase que corresponde ao último ciclo menstrual, em geral por volta de 48 a 50 anos de idade. Em alguns casos, as mulheres buscam pela reposição hormonal (TRH) por meio de medicações, tratamento no qual é favorável em amenizar os sintomas. Entretanto, vale ressaltar que a alimentação merece uma atenção especial, junto com o acompanhamento de uma equipe multiprofissional na Atenção Básica de Saúde, pois é uma grande aliada nessa fase da vida das mulheres, favorecendo uma maior eficiência do organismo e melhorando os sintomas e desconfortos causados pelo momento. Objetivo: Identificar como o acompanhamento multiprofissional junto a atenção básica pode ajudar de forma qualitativa na vida de mulheres que estão no período da menopausa. Metodologia: Uma revisão de literatura integrativa por meio do uso de palavras-chaves: Acompanhamento Nutricional; Menopausa; Climatério; Nutrição; Saúde da mulher; Atenção Básica. Foram encontrados 114 artigos usando as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Public MEDLINE (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), aplicando critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram 12 artigos. Resultados: Os estudos apontaram que uma dieta rica em grãos, vegetais, fibras e frutas melhoram os sintomas da menopausa e reduz o risco de doenças cardíacas e distúrbios hormonais. Além de destacar que, apesar de existirem protocolos e recomendações para pacientes no climatério, que visam garantir o acesso e o acolhimento integral pela equipe multiprofissional, ainda há uma fraca articulação entre os profissionais da Assistência Básica de Saúde e uma falta de integralidade no cuidado com essas mulheres. Conclusão: A Atenção Básica a Saúde possui um papel fundamental no acolhimento dessas mulheres em periodo climaterio, junto a equipe multiprofissional, no qual uma alimentação saudável combinada a terapia funcional com foco biopsicossocial, seja de homeopáticos ou fitoterápicos poderiam  auxiliar na diminuição de  sintomas que causam desconforto de grandes proporções  tanto no período  pré quanto pós menopausa. No entanto, é importante investir em ações que possam mudar essas práticas, com atividades individuais e coletivas, envolvendo os parceiros e a rede de apoio

The role of cinnamon as a modulator of the expression of genes related to antioxidant activity and lipid metabolism of laying quails

Since cinnamon has vitamins and minerals in addition to antioxidants compounds in its chemical composition studies have shown the potential of cinnamon supplementation on some important characteristics in the performance of birds. Thus, this study was conducted under the hypothesis that the inclusion of cinnamon in the laying quail diet could influence the performance of the birds through the expression of genes related to antioxidant activity and lipid metabolism. To test this hypothesis, 144 Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) with an initial age of 18 weeks and average weight of 133g were distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments: no cinnamon supplementation (NCS—control group) and with supplementation of 9g/kg of cinnamon powder (CPS). The experiment lasted for 84 days. At the end of the experimental period, six animals from each treatment were euthanized by cervical dislocation, blood was collected and organs weighed. Liver tissue was collected for gene expression and biochemical analyses. We observed a significant effect of cinnamon inclusion on the weight of the pancreas (P = 0.0418), intestine (P = 0.0209) and ovary (P = 0.0389). Lower weights of the pancreas and intestine, and a higher ovary weight was observed in birds receiving the CPS diet. Quails fed with cinnamon supplementation also had better feed conversion per egg mass (2.426 g /g, P = 0.0126), and higher triglyceride (1516.60 mg/dL, P = 0.0207), uric acid (7.40 mg/dL, P = 0.0003) and VLDL (300.40 mg/dL, P = 0.0252) contents. A decreased content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and lower catalase activity was observed in the liver of quails from the CPS diet (0.086 nmoles/mg PTN, and 2.304 H2O2/min/mg PTN, respectively). Quails from the CPS group presented significantly greater expression of FAS (fatty acid synthase, 36,03 AU), ACC (Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, 31.33 AU), APOAI (apolipoprotein A-I, 803,9 AU), ESR2 (estrogen receptor 2, 0.73 AU) SOD (superoxide dismutase, 4,933.9 AU) and GPx7 (glutathione peroxidase 7, 9.756 AU) than quails from the control group. These results allow us to suggest that cinnamon powder supplementation in the diet of laying quails can promote balance in the metabolism and better performance through the modulation of antioxidant activity and the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism

Doenças endocrinológicas com repercussões psiquiátricas: revisão sistemática / Endocrinological disorders with psychiatric repercussions: a systematic review

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre doenças endocrinológicas com repercussões psiquiátricas. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura, através de uma busca nas bases de dados Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Google Scholar e Scientific Electronic Library Online, utilizando-se os descritores: Endocrinology, Mental Disorders, Psychiatric Symptoms, Cushing’s syndrome, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Addison disease. Através disso, foram selecionados 12 artigos que compunham os critérios de inclusão e exclusão do presente estudo. Dessa forma, destaca-se que os estudos evidenciaram que diversos são as repercussões psiquiátricas em pacientes com doenças endocrinológicas, variando desde transtornos de ansiedade, depressão, transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade e psicose, cabendo aos profissionais o diagnóstico correto e em tempo hábil para auxiliar na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. 

Effect of cinnamon supplementation on the gut environment and ESR gene expression in the ovaries of laying quail

This study addressed the hypothesis that the inclusion of powdered cinnamon in a laying quail diet could increase the expression of genes related to the antioxidant defense systems in the intestine and improve the intestinal environment, thus promoting balance in the body. We used 144 laying quail (Coturnix japonica) distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments: no supplementation of cinnamon (NSC) and supplementation of 9g/kg of cinnamon powder (CPS). At the end of the experimental period ovarian and duodenal tissues were collected for analysis of gene expression. Fragments of the central portions of the duodenum and jejunum were also collected for intestinal histological analysis. We observed a significant effect of the inclusion of cinnamon powder in the diet quail on the expression of the estrogen receptor alpha gene (P = 0.0004). The animals from the CPS treatment presented a higher height of villi and greater depth of crypts in the duodenum, and a higher height of villi and villus:cryptratio in the jejunum. The results show that cinnamon supplementation improves the integrity of intestinal tissue structures and development of the structures of the epithelium. Thus improves the productive performance of the birds

Effect of prenatal ambient temperature on the performance physiological parameters, and oxidative metabolism of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) layers exposed to heat stress during growth

A strategy to mitigate the negative effects of stress on animals is to enhance their ability to beneficially respond to stressful conditions. This study aimed to assess whether prenatal ambient temperature influences the response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to environmental challenges during growth. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: two temperature conditions for the mothers (thermoneutral and heat stress by continuous exposure to 32 °C) and two offspring ambient temperature conditions (thermoneutral and heat stress by intermittent exposure to 34 °C for 6 h/day from 15 to 35 days of age). Heat stress in mothers led to lower laying rate, egg mass, expression of methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) gene, and antioxidant capacity as well as higher chick mortality rate (1–15 days of age). Maternal heat stress led to lower weight gain and total antioxidant capacity and higher feed conversion ratio. Maternal temperature × Offspring temperature interaction effects were observed on carbonylated protein content and HSP70, GSS, and MSRA gene expression. It was observed that, for chicks hatched from heat-stressed mothers, exposure to heat stress led to higher carbonylated protein content and HSP70 expression than exposure to thermoneutral conditions. Maternal heat stress was also responsible for increasing GSS expression in chicks grown under thermoneutral conditions. Chicks hatched from non-stressed mothers and subjected to heat stress had higher MSRA expression compared to chicks maintained in a thermoneutral environment. Our results show that, although maternal heat stress had no negative effects on performance or oxidative metabolism of offspring grown under thermoneutral conditions, it was associated with lower performance and higher protein oxidation in offspring exposed to heat stress during growth. These results could be due in part to alterations in the expression of genes related to antioxidant capacity.This article is published as Santana, T.P., Gasparino, E., de Souza Khatlab, A. et al. Effect of prenatal ambient temperature on the performance physiological parameters, and oxidative metabolism of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) layers exposed to heat stress during growth. Sci Rep 11, 9809 (2021). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89306-0.</p

Effects of maternal methionine supplementation on the response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to heat stress

This study investigated the hypothesis that methionine supplementation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) hens can reduce the effects of oxidative stress and improve the performance of the offspring exposed to heat stress during growth. For that, the quail hens were fed with three diets related to the methionine supplementation: methionine-deficient diet (MD); diet supplemented with the recommended methionine level (MET1); and diet supplemented with methionine above the recommended level (MET2). Their chicks were identified, weighed, and housed according to the maternal diet group from 1 to 14 days of age. At 15 days of age, chicks were weighed and divided into two groups: thermoneutral ambient (constant temperature of 23 °C) and intermittent heat stress ambient (daily exposure to 34 °C for 6 h). Methionine-supplemented (MET1 and MET2) hens had higher egg production, better feed conversion ratio, higher hatchability of total and fertile eggs, and offspring with higher body weight. Supplemented (MET1 and MET2) hens showed greater expression of glutathione synthase (GSS) and methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) genes, greater total antioxidant capacity, and lower lipid peroxidation in the liver. The offspring of hens fed the MET2 diet had lower death rate (1-14 days), higher weight at 15 days of age, weight gain, and better feed conversion ratio from 1 to 14 days of age. Among chicks reared under heat stress, the progeny of methionine-supplemented hens had higher weight at 35 days, weight gain, expression of GSS, MSRA, and thermal shock protein 70 (HSP70) genes, and total antioxidant capacity in the liver, as well as lower heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Positive correlations between expression of glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPX7) and MSRA genes in hens and offspring were observed. Our results show that maternal methionine supplementation contributes to offspring development and performance in early stages and that, under conditions of heat stress during growth, chicks from methionine-supplemented hens respond better to hot environmental conditions than chicks from non-supplemented hens. Supplementation of quail hens diets with methionine promoted activation of different metabolic pathways in offspring subjected to stress conditions.This is a manuscript of an article published as Thaís Pacheco Santana, Eliane Gasparino, Angélica de Souza Khatlab, Angela Maria Favaro Elias Pereira, Leandro Teixeira Barbosa, Roberta Pereira Miranda Fernandes, Susan J Lamont, Ana Paula Del Vesco, Effects of maternal methionine supplementation on the response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to heat stress, Journal of Animal Science, 2023;, skad042, https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad042. Posted with permission

Level of TBARS (nmoles/mg of protein) and CAT enzyme activity (H2O2/minute/mg of protein) in the liver of laying quails receiving diets with (CPS) and without cinnamon powder (NCS).

<p>The results are average with their standard errors represented by the vertical bar. * Significant by the Student’s t test (P <0.05).</p