EUCALYPTUS SPP. GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER WITH REINFORCED FIBER FINGER-JOINTS

Reinforcement for flexion in structural elements with finger-joints using fibers has emerged as a particularly suitable technique for timber. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Glued Laminated Timber (GLULAM) produced with Eucalyptus spp. wood and three reinforcement compositions, “Glass”, “Glass2” and “Carbon” regarding parallel-to-grain tensile strength, normal tensile strength, shear strength and the three-point bending test. All the tests were performed according to the NBR 7190/1997 using the Tukey test for statistical analyzes and a 95% confidence interval. The performance of the Eucalyptus spp. GLULAM did not present significant differences in evaluation of the bonding lines. However, the “Glass 2” and “Carbon” treatments were significantly superior to the GLULAM samples without reinforcement in bending strength, reaching increments of 37.8% and 40.5%, respectively. The modulus of elasticity did not differ significantly between them. A tensile rupture was observed in the region of the finger-joints in all the evaluated samples; however, the flexural tensions were superior to the parallel-to-grain tensile strengths, indicating an influence of the timber thickness and reinforcement thickness on the performance of the reinforced joints. Thus, it is possible to conclude that applying concentrated reinforcement in the region of the finger-joints significantly improves the performance of Eucalyptus spp. GLULAM samples

High coercivity induced by mechanical milling in cobalt ferrite powders

In this work we report a study of the magnetic behavior of ferrimagnetic oxide CoFe2O4 treated by mechanical milling with different grinding balls. The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were prepared using a simple hydrothermal method and annealed at 500oC. The non-milled sample presented coercivity of about 1.9 kOe, saturation magnetization of 69.5 emu/g, and a remanence ratio of 0.42. After milling, two samples attained coercivity of 4.2 and 4.1 kOe, and saturation magnetization of 67.0 and 71.4 emu/g respectively. The remanence ratio MR/MS for these samples increase to 0.49 and 0.51, respectively. To investigate the influence of the microstructure on the magnetic behavior of these samples, we used X-ray powder diffraction (XPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The XPD analysis by the Williamson-Hall plot was used to estimate the average crystallite size and strain induced by mechanical milling in the samples

PERCEPCIÓN DE PACIENTES Y FAMILIARES SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE CUIDADOS QUE BRINDA LA ENFERMERA EN LOS SERVICIOS DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA DEL HOSPITAL HERMILIO VALDIZÁN MEDRANO – HUÁNUCO, 2016

Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de pacientes y familiares sobre la calidad de cuidados que brinda la enfermera. Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, transversal, de nivel aplicativo, con enfoque cuantitativo. La población estuvo constituida por 70 pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de Medicina y Cirugía del Hospital Hermilio Valdizán Medrano y 70 familiares que acuden a las visitas. Se utilizó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento dos cuestionarios para evaluar la calidad de cuidados de enfermería y 2 guías de entrevista para las características socios demográficos. Para el análisis inferencial de los resultados se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrada de bondad de ajuste. Resultados: Del 100% (70) pacientes encuestados el 85,7% (60) tienen una percepción medianamente favorable, el 8,6% (6) favorable y solo el 5,7% (4) desfavorable. En cuanto a la percepción de los familiares del 100% (70), el 71,4% (50) tienen una percepción medianamente favorable mientras que el 24,3% (17) desfavorable a diferencia del 4,3% (3) tienen una percepción favorable respecto a la calidad de cuidados que brinda la enfermera. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes y familiares tienen una percepción medianamente favorable a nivel general y en sus dimensiones referido a que la enfermera se demora en atenderle cuando lo requiere y brinda una atención interrumpida.Tesi

Avaliação tecnológica do paricá e seu uso em estruturas de madeira laminada colada

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2010A Floresta Amazônica é uma das maiores fornecedoras de madeira nativa tropical no mercado mundial. No entanto, tendo em vista um novo cenário comercial e ambiental que vem sendo delineando para o planeta, assim como, pelas pressões mundiais visando à preservação da Floresta Amazônica, a floresta plantada com espécies nativas de rápido crescimento na região norte do Brasil, vem se mostrando uma alternativa economicamente viável. Dentre as diversas espécies, o paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex. Ducke) encontra-se entre as pioneiras. Neste trabalho, foram analisadas as propriedades anatômicas, físicas e mecânicas desta madeira proveniente de floresta plantada e, também, a sua resistência ao ataque de cupins de madeira seca. Foram avaliadas as possibilidades de uso do ultrassom como ferramenta de classificação mecânica para essa espécie, bem como o emprego dessa madeira em vigas de madeira laminada colada. O material de pesquisa foi obtido de árvores com idades de crescimento de 6, 10, 19 e 28 anos, oriundas do Estado do Pará. O estudo da anatomia revelou que as dimensões das fibras da madeira se estabilizam em torno dos 10 anos de idade. Os ensaios de caracterização física e mecânica resultaram na determinação dessa madeira como pertencente à classe C-20 de resistência para todas as idades estudadas e densidade média de 311 kg/m³. O paricá demonstrou-se altamente suscetível ao ataque de cupins de madeira seca. A classificação por ultrassom apresentou igualdade de classes entre as idades, com valor médio de resistência à compressão paralela às fibras de 30 MPa. Sugere-se uma alteração na constante da equação de determinação da velocidade de propagação para que os valores dessa espécie sejam mais próximos ao da classificação destrutiva. Os resultados dos ensaios de flexão de vigas de madeira laminada colada de paricá revelam uma resistência característica à tensão longitudinal de 33 MPa e módulo de elasticidade médio de ruptura de 16.697 MPa. Com base nesses resultados, que atendem aos atuais requisitos normativos brasileiros, indica-se o uso da madeira de paricá em elementos estruturais e em vigas de madeira laminada colada. Procura-se com esta pesquisa estimular o uso desta espécie em outros produtos para a construção civil, agregando valor a esta matéria prima e, também, contribuir para reduzir a pressão de exploração da floresta nativa na região amazônica.The Amazon forest is one of the largest suppliers of tropical native timber to the world market. However, considering a new trade and environment scenario that has been delineated for planet, as well as the worldwide pressures in order to preserve the Amazon rainforest, the forest planted with native species of rapid growth in northern Brazil, have proving a viable economical alternative. Among the many species, the paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex. Ducke) is one between the pioneers. In this study, it was analyzed the anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of this timber from planted forests, and also their resistance to attack by dry wood termites. It#s evaluated the potential use of ultrasound as a tool for mechanical grading for this species and the use of this wood in glued laminated timber beams. The research material was obtained from trees with growth age of 6, 10, 19 and 28 years from the Pará State. The anatomical study revealed that the dimensions of the wood fibers are stabilized around 10 years of age. The physical and mechanical tests were resulted in the determination of wood as belonging to class C-20 resistance to all ages studied and average density of 311 kg/m³. However, the attack by dry wood termites on paricá shows to be highly susceptible. The classification by ultrasound showed equal classes between the ages, with the compression strength parallel to the fibers an average value of 30 MPa. It is suggested to modify the constant of the equation that determine the wave speed propagation in order to approach values from destructive classification. The bending tests results from glued laminated paricá timber beams shows a characteristic resistance to longitudinal tension of 33 MPa and the average rupture modules of elasticity of 16.697 MPa. Based on this results, which are in according to Brazilian regulatory requirements, indicates the use of paricá timber on structural elements and for glued laminated timber beams. Search in this research to stimulate the use of this species in others products for the building industry, adding value to this raw material and also to help for reduce the exploitation of native forests in the Amazon region

A efetividade das recomendações da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos no Brasil

Versa sobre a análise das Recomendações apresentadas pela Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos diante dos casos brasileiros em tramitação neste órgão, identificando-se a relação das Recomendações com políticas públicas, inovações e alterações legislativas ocorridas no Estado brasileiro

Exchange-spring behavior in bimagnetic CoFe2O4/CoFe2 nanocomposite

In this work we report a study of the magnetic behavior of ferrimagnetic oxide CoFe2O4 and ferrimagnetic oxide/ferromagnetic metal CoFe2O4/CoFe2 nanocomposites. The latter compound is a good system to study hard ferrimagnet/soft ferromagnet exchange coupling. Two steps were used to synthesize the bimagnetic CoFe2O4/CoFe2 nanocomposites: (i) first preparation of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles using the a simple hydrothermal method and (ii) second reduction reaction of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using activated charcoal in inert atmosphere and high temperature. The phase structures, particle sizes, morphology, and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles have been investigated by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Mossbauer spectroscopy (MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) with applied field up to 3.0 kOe at room temperature and 50K. The mean diameter of CoFe2O4 particles is about 16 nm. Mossbauer spectra reveal two sites for Fe3+. One site is related to Fe in an octahedral coordination and the other one to the Fe3+ in a tetrahedral coordination, as expected for a spinel crystal structure of CoFe2O4. TEM measurements of nanocomposite show the formation of a thin shell of CoFe2 on the cobalt ferrite and indicate that the nanoparticles increase to about 100 nm. The magnetization of nanocomposite showed hysteresis loop that is characteristic of the exchange spring systems. A maximum energy product (BH)max of 1.22 MGOe was achieved at room temperature for CoFe2O4/CoFe2 nanocomposites, which is about 115% higher than the value obtained for CoFe2O4 precursor. The exchange-spring interaction and the enhancement of product (BH)max in nanocomposite CoFe2O4/CoFe2 have been discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure

Hydrothermal synthesis to water-stable luminescent carbon dots from acerola fruit for photoluminescent composites preparation and its application as sensors

Carbon dots (C-dots) possess the attractive properties of high stability, low toxicity, good water solubility, simple synthetic routes as well as size and excitation-dependent photoluminescence (PL).The aim of this work was to synthesize photoluminescent C-dots by hydrothermal method using acerola fruit (Malpighiaemarginata) as a row material, since this fruit contains large number of organic molecules. Studies about the optimal synthesis conditions were performed, where these organic molecules were converted into C-dots by hydrothermal carbonization at 180 ºC for 18 h. The C-dots exhibited a green emission light at 459 nm when excited under UV-light (λ ex= 370 nm). These nanomaterials were also successfully used to prepare C-dots/poly (vinyl alcohol) luminescent composites (C-dots/PVA). Both C-dots and C-dots/PVA composite films were investigated by using colorimetric visual sensor for Fe3+ metal ions detection. The results show that the prepared C-dots and C-dots/poly presented strong green emission light. The emission spectra of above materials were quenched in the presence of Fe3+ ions. Thus, highly specific “turn off” fluorescence sensing of Fe3+ was achieved using fluorescent C-dots. Regarding, this work describe that the polymeric films as sensors of metallic ions in aqueous solution appears as a new perspectives to design new composite materials22

GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER OF PARICÁ REINFORCED WITH SYNTHETIC FIBERS

The aim was to evaluate the performance of laminated timber (GLULAM) of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (paricá) reinforced with fiber of glass or carbon glued with resorcinol adhesive through static bending, shear and tension parallel and perpendicular-to-grain and glued line tests and compare the experimental results with analytical ones. The bending test was divided in 5 treatments (T) composed by 6 test specimens, being T1 the control without fiber reinforcement, T2 with fiberglass of 110 g∙m-2 from grammage, T3 with fiberglass of 200 g∙m-2, T4 with fiberglass of 330 g∙m-2; and T5 with carbon fiber of 200 g∙m-2. The Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity – MOE of bending test was obtained by analytical and experimental designs. The results were analyzed by Tukey’s test with 5% of significance. There were not a significant increase of the MOE value and the bending strength, of tensile or shear strength in the glued line for all treatments. The analytical design results in displacements significant lower than the experimental. The resorcinol adhesive had a satisfactorily bending performance without ruptures by tension parallel and perpendicular-to-grain or shear

A INCORPORAÇÃO DE DIREITOS E GARANTIAS INDIVIDUAIS: UMA ANÁLISE DA ASSEMBLEIA NACIONAL CONSTITUINTE À LUZ DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS

 Resumo: O presente artigo possui o objetivo de analisar a influência das normas oriundas dos Sistemas Internacionais de Proteção dos Direitos Humanos para a formulação do Capítulo dos Direitos e Garantias Individuais do texto constitucional de 1988. Foram analisadas as Atas da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC), escolhendo subcomissões que ensejaram a escrita do Capítulo I do texto constitucional. Na construção do artigo, observam-se quais dispositivos (que não foram alterados por emenda) são semelhantes aos textos de normas internacionais e obtiveram influência direta dos referidos diplomas internacionais.