The feast of the Holy Spirit of Santa Cruz de Goiás. A rich universe of cultural events

Este trabalho visa analisar o patrimônio cultural imaterial da cidade de Santa Cruz de Goiás, Centro-Oeste brasileiro, por meio da reflexão quanto às práticas sociais vivenciadas pelos membros dessa comunidade durante as celebrações das festividades do Divino Espírito Santo. Buscamos nos fundamentar nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da História Cultural, na medida em que nos possibilita descrever como vivências cotidianas aliadas a sensibilidades das manifestações populares tradicionais. Utilizamos, ainda, a técnica de pesquisa qualitativa do Grupo Focal e da Observação Participante para ampliar informações, conhecer e compreender atitudes, percepções, opiniões e comportamentos relativos aos festejos do Divino Espírito Santo de Santa Cruz.This study aims to analyze the intangible cultural heritage of the city of Santa Cruz de Goiás, Brazilian Midwest, through reflection about the social practices experienced by members of the community during the celebrations of the festivities of the Holy Spirit. We seek to support the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Cultural History, in that it enables us to describe how everyday experiences combined with sensitivities of traditional demonstrations. We use also the qualitative research technique of focus groups and participant observation to enlarge information, know and understand attitudes, perceptions, opinions and behaviors related to these celebration

Identification of Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa toxin ligands in the midgut of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae

A binary mosquitocidal toxin composed of a three-domain Cry-like toxin (Cry48Aa) and a binary-like toxin (Cry49Aa) was identified in Lysinibacillus sphaericus. Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa has action on Culex quinquefasciatus larvae, in particular, to those that are resistant to the Bin Binary toxin, which is the major insecticidal factor from L. sphaericus-based biolarvicides, indicating that Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa interacts with distinct target sites in the midgut and can overcome Bin toxin resistance. This study aimed to identify Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa ligands in C. quinquefasciatus midgut through binding assays and mass spectrometry. Several proteins, mostly from 50 to 120 kDa, bound to the Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa toxin were revealed by toxin overlay and pull-down assays. These proteins were identified against the C. quinquefasciatus genome and after analysis a set of 49 proteins were selected which includes midgut bound proteins such as aminopeptidases, amylases, alkaline phosphatases in addition to molecules from other classes that can be potentially involved in this toxin's mode of action. Among these, some proteins are orthologs of Cry receptors previously identified in mosquito larvae, as candidate receptors for Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa toxin. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the specificity of their interactions and their possible role as receptors

Impactos da polifarmácia na saúde e na qualidade de vida da população idosa

Com o aumento da expectativa de vida da população, surge uma problemática que necessita de intensa atenção à Medicina da Família e Comunidade: a polifarmácia tangente às práticas automedicantes, bem como as implicações das interações medicamentosas à população longeva. Objetivou-se evidenciar os impactos da polifarmácia na saúde e na qualidade de vida da população idosa. O avanço da idade está associado a diversas alterações morfológicas e funcionais relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de diversas patologias, implicando maior demanda do uso de fármacos. Sendo assim, a polifarmácia, definida como o uso de cinco ou mais medicamentos diariamente, simultâneos, e de forma crônica, pode predispor a reações adversas e/ou interações farmacológicas danosas à saúde do paciente. Essa prática, que visa controlar as patologias crônicas e consequentemente aumentar a qualidade e esperança média de vida, é capaz de aumentar a morbidade e a mortalidade dessa parcela da população. Por isso, orientações quanto à prescrição de medicamentos deve levar em conta os reais benefícios e evitar potenciais interações danosas, podendo descartar uso sem necessidade; usado erradamente; ou por omissão de um medicamento que o doente necessite. É fundamental, portanto, uma abordagem holística, integral e individualizada a cada paciente, para, assim, evitar repercussões negativas advindas do uso de múltiplos fármacos

Identification of ligands of the insecticidal toxin Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa of Lysinibacillus sphaericus in Culex quinquefasciatus larvae and other molecules involved in the mode of action of this biolarvicide

Submitted by Kamylla Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2018-08-14T10:59:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018rezende-tmt.pdf: 11591218 bytes, checksum: 0bc7feeee24ee6b54ce50d63a93280ab (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Kamylla Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2018-08-14T11:10:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2018rezende-tmt.pdf: 11591218 bytes, checksum: 0bc7feeee24ee6b54ce50d63a93280ab (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:10:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2018rezende-tmt.pdf: 11591218 bytes, checksum: 0bc7feeee24ee6b54ce50d63a93280ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018FACEPE e CAPESFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.O Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Lsp) é um agente larvicida seletivo, cujo uso intensivo pode levar à seleção de resistência à toxina Binária (Bin), seu principal fator inseticida. Uma nova toxina Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa, caracterizada na cepa IAB59 do Lsp, demonstrou atividade para larvas de Culex quinquefasciatus suscetíveis e resistentes à toxina Bin indicando que ela interage com receptores, distintos da Bin. Todavia, o modo de ação desta toxina e seus receptores ainda são desconhecidos. Desta maneira, os principais objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar os ligantes da toxina Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa em larvas de C. quinquefasciatus, além de outras moléculas envolvidas no modo de ação de toxinas do Lsp, e realizar análises comparativas entre larvas suscetíveis (S) e resistentes (R) ao Lsp IAB59. Bioensaios demonstraram que Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa é ativa para larvas de C. quinquefasciatus da colônia S, possui ação reduzida para larvas da colônia R e larvas de Aedes aegypti são refratárias a esta toxina. Os ensaios de ligação revelaram que a toxina Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa liga-se à proteínas intestinais de C. quinquefasciatus como aminopeptidases, maltases e fosfatase alcalinas, que são classes de moléculas já identificadas como receptores de outras toxinas Cry, além de proteínas ainda não descritas como a panteteinase e vanin. A análise transcriptômica revelou moléculas que podem atuar no modo de ação das toxinas do Lsp e vias metabólicas associadas com a capacidade ampliada de replicação e reparo de DNA, modulação diferencial de autofagia, regulação de estresse, e baixa indução da via de apoptose como uma resposta adaptativa ao fenótipo de resistência. A validação funcional através de RNAi de alguns alvos foi promissora mas necessita ser aperfeiçoada para revelar efeitos in vivo mais significativos. Este conjunto de dados traz uma contribuição para o entendimento da ação das toxinas inseticidas do Lsp visando subsidiar o desenvolvimento de produtos e estratégias adequadas de utilização.Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Lsp) is a selective larvicidal agent, but its intensive use may lead to selection of mosquito resistance to Binary toxin (Bin), which is its main insecticidal factor. A novel Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa toxin, characterized in strain IAB59 of Lsp, has demonstrated activity for susceptible and Bin toxin resistant Culex quinquefasciatus larvae, indicating it interacts with different receptors of Bin. However, the mode of action of this toxin and its receptors are still unknown. Thus, the main objectives of this work were to identify the ligands of the Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa toxin in C. quinquefasciatus larvae, as well as other molecules involved in the action of Lsp toxins, and to perform comparative analyses between susceptible (S) and resistant larvae (R) to Lsp IAB59. Bioassays have shown that Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa is active for C. quinquefasciatus larvae of the S colony, and it has reduced action for R colony, besides Aedes aegypti larvae are refractory to this toxin. The binding assays showed that the Cry48Aa/Cry49Aa toxin binds to intestinal proteins of C. quinquefasciatus, as aminopeptidases, maltases and alkaline phosphatases which are classes of molecules already identified as receptors of other Cry toxins. However, proteins not yet described such as pantheteinase and vanin were also identified. Transcriptomic analysis revealed molecules that may act in the mode of action of Lsp toxins, and metabolic pathways associated with increased DNA replication and repair ability, differential modulation of autophagy, stress regulation, and low induction of the apoptosis pathway as an adaptive response to resistance phenotype. And finally, functional validation through RNAi of selected targets was promising but needs to be refined to reveal more significant in vivo effects. These findings contribute to the understanding of the action of the insecticidal toxins of the Lsp in order to support the development of products and appropriate strategies against the mosquito

Effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbofuran on metabolism in Astyanax ribeirae, a native species

The study of the toxic effect of carbofuran and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on Astyanax ribeirae metabolism is of paramount importance due to the increasing use of this pesticide in agriculture and in the production of nanotubes within the material industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of carbofuran, MWCNT, and the combination of these compounds on specific oxygen consumption and excretion of ammonia in A. ribeirae. Therefore, 65 fish were divided into three groups of treatments at varying concentrations: carbofuran (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L), MWCNT (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L), and 0.5 mg/L of MWCNT added to carbofuran concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L). The average specific oxygen consumption in the groups exposed to carbofuran, compared to the control, increased 73.49% at the 0.01 mg/L concentration and decreased 63.86% and 91.57% with treatments of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. For groups exposed to the MWCNT, there was an 83.91% drop with the 1.0 mg/L treatment, and the carbofuran + MWCNT groups recorded a decrease of 71.09%, 92.77%, and 93.98% at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. In relation to specific ammonia excretion, in groups exposed to carbofuran compared to the control, there was an increase of 134.37% and 200% with the 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L treatments, respectively. The group exposed to carbofuran + MWCNT experienced a decrease of 60% and 80% with treatments of 0.1 mg/L carbofuran + 0.5 mg/L MWCNT and 0.5 mg/L carbofuran + 0.5 mg/L MWCNT, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that carbofuran + MWCNT interact, increasing the effects in Astyanax sp451417426CNPQ - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPESP – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Do Estado De São Paulo303920/2013-0503 2012/50184-

Potassium Fertilization and Physiological Soybean Seed Quality

Este trabajo analiza las propiedades psicométricas del Logotest, uno de los instrumentos de medida del sentido de la vida. El trabajo se ha realizado en una muestra de 2324 jóvenes estudiantes preuniversitarios y universitarios de la provincia de Salamanca. Los análisis realizados muestran la escasa fiabilidad y validez de dicho test a tal efecto. Se discuten las posibilidades del mismo utilizándolo de forma combinada con otros instrumentos, además de la necesidad de otras aproximaciones al estudio del constructo derivado de los planteamientos de Frankl.This paper examines the psychometric properties of Logotest, one of the instruments measuring the meaning of life. The study has been realized in a sample of 2324 young students pre-university and university of Salamanca province. Our findings show poor reliability and validity of that test. We discuss the possibilities of the same used in combination with other instruments, as well as the need for other approaches to the study of the construct derived from the ideas of Frankl.Educació

Bacterial Toxins Active against Mosquitoes: Mode of Action and Resistance

Larvicides based on the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis (Bti) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus are effective and environmentally safe compounds for the control of dipteran insects of medical importance. They produce crystals that display specific and potent insecticidal activity against larvae. Bti crystals are composed of multiple protoxins: three from the three-domain Cry type family, which bind to different cell receptors in the midgut, and one cytolytic (Cyt1Aa) protoxin that can insert itself into the cell membrane and act as surrogate receptor of the Cry toxins. Together, those toxins display a complex mode of action that shows a low risk of resistance selection. L. sphaericus crystals contain one major binary toxin that display an outstanding persistence in field conditions, which is superior to Bti. However, the action of the Bin toxin based on its interaction with a single receptor is vulnerable for resistance selection in insects. In this review we present the most recent data on the mode of action and synergism of these toxins, resistance issues, and examples of their use worldwide. Data reported in recent years improved our understanding of the mechanism of action of these toxins, showed that their combined use can enhance their activity and counteract resistance, and reinforced their relevance for mosquito control programs in the future years