Järeästi järviruo’osta pohjamutia myöten

Järviruoko on rantojemme luontainen laji, jota ihminen on käyttänyt hyödykseen vuosisatojen ajan. Ilman ihmisen toimenpiteitä kasvava ja runsaan sadon tuottava kasvi kuulostaa hyödynnettävänä materiaalina hyvältä, mutta Pohjois-Karjalassa keskusteluissa on järviruo’on yhteydessä ollut lähinnä rantojen ruovikoituminen, sen aiheuttama luonnon monimuotoisuuden heikkeneminen ja haitta virkistyskäytölle. Hyvien jatkokäyttömuotojen löytäminen sekä jatkokäsittelyn kehittäminen järviruo’olle on ollut "Järviruoko energiaksi, vesien tila paremmaksi Pohjois-Karjalassa (JÄREÄ)"-hankkeen keskeinen tavoite. Kokeiluita on tehty ja käyttötapoja sekä menettelytapoja on haettu yhdessä Itä-Suomen yliopiston ja Karelia-ammattikorkeakoulun sekä yritysten kanssa. Tavoitteena on ollut suunnitelmallisen, luonnon monimuotoisuuden huomioivan järviruo'on niiton sekä sedimentin poiston myötä parantaa vesistöjen ja ympäristön tilaa, ja synnyttää sekä kehittää järvien kunnostukseen ja ruo’on hyödyntämiseen perustuvaa yritystoimintaa erityisesti Pohjois-Karjalassa

A multicomponent approach to using waste-derived biochar in biofiltration : A case study based on dissimilar types of waste

The environmental legislation and strict enforcement of environmental regulations are the tools effectively used for developing the market of materials for environmental protection technologies. Sustain ability criteria shift environmental engineering systems to more sustainable-material-based technologies. For carbon-based medium materials in biofiltration, this trend results in attempts to use biochar for biofiltration purposes. The paper presents the analysis of biochar properties based on the main criteria for biofiltration medium integrating the environmental quality properties of biochar, following the European Biochar Certificate guidelines. Three types of biochar produced from feedstock of highly popular and abundant types of waste are analysed. A multi component approach was applied to summarize the results. The lignocellulosic type of biochar was found to be more competitive for use as a biofiltration medium than the types of biochar with high ash or lignin content. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Antimicrobial Activity of Slow Pyrolysis Distillates from Pine Wood Biomass against Three Pathogens

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of wood distillates obtained from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sawdust in order to explore new alternatives for the utilization of wood industry by-products. The distillates were produced by slow pyrolysis thermal conversion in three process phases with increasing temperatures, namely drying, torrefaction and pyrolysis, and three cooling units with different temperatures to condensate the distillates. This yielded nine different liquid fractions. The food-related pathogens, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida albicans, were evaluated for their susceptibility to the distillate fractions using an agar diffusion test. The antimicrobial activity was estimated by measuring the formed inhibition zones after the incubation period. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and microbicidic concentration were assayed for a selected fraction (T2) from the torrefaction phase with Bio-screen C. The results indicated that the distillates from the torrefaction and pyrolysis phases had antimicrobial activity against the tested microbes. The MIC value of the T2 fraction for all tested microbes was 0.83% (v/v). Furthermore, the T2 fraction was microbicidic for Salmonella and Listeria strains in 0.83% (v/v) solution and Candida strain in 1.67% (v/v) solution. In conclusion, Scots pine wood distillates obtained from slow pyrolysis have the potential to be developed as antimicrobial agents against pathogenic microbes. Next, research is needed to investigate the chemical composition of the distillates and to assess their safe use

Antimicrobial Activity of Slow Pyrolysis Distillates from Pine Wood Biomass against Three Pathogens

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of wood distillates obtained from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sawdust in order to explore new alternatives for the utilization of wood industry by-products. The distillates were produced by slow pyrolysis thermal conversion in three process phases with increasing temperatures, namely drying, torrefaction and pyrolysis, and three cooling units with different temperatures to condensate the distillates. This yielded nine different liquid fractions. The food-related pathogens, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida albicans, were evaluated for their susceptibility to the distillate fractions using an agar diffusion test. The antimicrobial activity was estimated by measuring the formed inhibition zones after the incubation period. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and microbicidic concentration were assayed for a selected fraction (T2) from the torrefaction phase with Bio-screen C. The results indicated that the distillates from the torrefaction and pyrolysis phases had antimicrobial activity against the tested microbes. The MIC value of the T2 fraction for all tested microbes was 0.83% (v/v). Furthermore, the T2 fraction was microbicidic for Salmonella and Listeria strains in 0.83% (v/v) solution and Candida strain in 1.67% (v/v) solution. In conclusion, Scots pine wood distillates obtained from slow pyrolysis have the potential to be developed as antimicrobial agents against pathogenic microbes. Next, research is needed to investigate the chemical composition of the distillates and to assess their safe use

Activity of Spent Coffee Ground Cinnamates against Wood-decaying Fungi in vitro

201