May Measurement Month 2018: a pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the International Society of Hypertension

Aims Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. Methods and results Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. Conclusion May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

(RE)THINKING CLUSTERS, PROXIMITY AND EMBEDDEDNESS: A CASE STUDY OF HIGH-TECH START-UPS IN SINGAPORE

Bachelor'sBachelor of Social Sciences (Honours

An English translation of Kian Kok through the perspective of cultural turn

This capstone project is based on the novel Kian Kok (2018) written by Chia Joo Ming, a local Singaporean writer with an aim to examine the translation techniques to deliver the culture-loaded terms. The original text is mainly in Chinese, and some of the parts contain a mixture of English and Chinese, which reflects the multilingual environment in Singapore. Through the translation of the original text, the English readers will have a chance to develop an understanding of the cultural and social changes of Singapore over the past fifty years, and thus this translation could be of reference value for the English readers to understand the Chinese culture of Singapore.Master of Arts (Translation and Interpretation

《芳华》的同名电影改编研究 = Research on the film adaptation of "Fang Hua"

《芳华》小说于2017年4月出版，而其同名电影《芳华》则在同年12月上映。导演冯小刚早在2013年就与作家严歌苓约定好创作一部关于文工团的故事。虽然电影改编自同名小说《芳华》，但导演冯小刚与作家严歌苓两人对于青春芳华的诠释却有着不同的注解。本文将通过故事情节、主题思想和叙事风格三个方面进一步探讨电影对同名小说《芳华》的改编研究。 本文主要分为以下几个部分：绪论部分主要包括《芳华》的研究动机、研究现况以及研究意义。第一章主要是讲述《芳华》小说的故事情节，之后在深入分析小说中特殊时代下的人性、英雄人物的悲剧、集体下的迫害与及反思历史等主题。第二章分析电影对小说《芳华》的改编。电影截取了小说的部分情节，并在结构上进行重置。电影除了情节上的变动，也对小说里的人物形象有了理想化的处理以及增添了一些温情基调的场景，从而体现电影的青春怀旧主题。第三章是分析导演对电影的叙事风格。 The novel "Fang Hua" was published in April 2017, and the movie "Fang Hua" was released in December of the same year. As early as 2013, director Feng Xiaogang agreed with writer Yan Geling to create a story about the cultural troupe. Although the film is adapted from the novel "Fang Hua", director Feng Xiaogang and writer Yan Geling have different interpretations of youth. This article will further explore the film adaptation of the novel of the same name "Fang Hua" through three aspects: story plot, theme and narrative style. This article is mainly divided into the following parts: The introduction part mainly includes the research motive of "Fanghua", research status and the significance of selecting the theme of the film adaptation of "Fanghua". The first chapter mainly tells the storyline of the novel "Fanghua", and then in-depth analysis of human nature in the special era, the tragedy of the heroes, the persecution under the collective and the reflection on the history in the novel. Chapter Two analyzes the film adaptation of the novel "Fang Hua". The film intercepted part of the plot of the novel and reset it in structure. In addition to the changes in the plot, the film also idealized the characters in the novel and added some scenes with a warm tone to reflect the film's youth nostalgic theme. The third chapter analyzes the director's narrative style of the film.Bachelor of Arts in Chines

Undisclosed recipients: documentary in an era of digital convergence

As part of ‘two essays in dialogue’ with a piece written by Dale Hudson, this article advances critical discussions of the documentary film given the context of, and challenges posed by, digitality. Specifically, it analyses ‘the digital’ in Michael Takeo Magruder’s {transcription} and [FALLUJAH. IRAQ. 31/03/2004] and Christina McPhee’s La Conchita mon amour as a means to advance discussion of documentary beyond claims to realism and documentary truth towards what Trinh T. Minh-ha calls ‘boundary events’. Tay argues that digital video, editing and compositing expose the limitations of visual evidence to represent trauma

Giving life to faces of Tampines

Our project produced Faces of Tampines, a coffe-table photo-based book covering the Tampines West constituency. The contents of this publication cover Tampines from its early beginnings in the kampung days to its modern existence today.Bachelor of Communication Studie

Beyond Epitope Binning: Directed in Vitro Selection of Complementary Pairs of Binding Proteins

© 2019 American Chemical Society. Many biotechnological applications require the simultaneous binding of affinity reagents to nonoverlapping target epitopes, the most prominent example being sandwich immunoassays. Typically, affinity pairs are identified via post facto functional analysis of clones that were not selected for complementarity. Here, we developed the Rapid Affinity Pair Identification via Directed Selection (RAPIDS) process, which enables the efficient identification of affinity reagents that function together as complementary pairs, from in vitro libraries of â¼109 variants. We used RAPIDS to develop highly specific affinity pairs against biomarkers of tuberculosis, Zika virus, and sepsis. Without additional trial-and-error screening, these affinity pairs exhibited utility in multiple assay formats. The RAPIDS process applies selective pressure to hundreds of thousands of potential affinity pairs to efficiently identify complementary pairs that bind to separate epitopes without binding to one another or nontargets, yielding diagnostic assays that are sensitive and specific by design