Camouflaged liaisons: The social organization of Turkish male sexual minorities.

This ethnographic study analyses the discourses of twenty Turkish men who have sex with other men, aiming to make sense of discernable patternings in their most intimate lives. The research documents the meanings ascribed to same-sex behavior by various participants, and sheds light on how homosexual desire is structured by the existing gender structure in Turkish society as a whole. The broader social and sexual culture within which discourses around anal intercourse are articulated show connections between homosexuality and heterosexuality, masculinity and femininity, and eventually, sexual penetrability and receptivity---in which all categories reveal certain \u27gendered\u27 power relations. My attempts to get a feel for the experiences and circumstances in which each man constructs his own conception or re-conception of himself within labels such as aktif, pasif or \u27gey \u27 as in the modern sense reveal Turkish men\u27s lack of interest in \u27queer theory\u27. My endeavour is to provide answers to the following crucial questions: \u27What are the social forces that go into taking either the aktif, pasif, or gey social location?\u27 and \u27Why do some people feel content with these categories, while others feel constrained or resistant?\u27 Ultimately, I argue that Stephen Murray\u27s model on types of homosexualities informs my topic better than queer theory since he offers analytic tools more amenable to the complexities of same-sex experiences in Turkey. The respondents\u27 own reflections on their engagements in anal coitus was decisive in drawing conclusions that indeed plural homosexualities exist, which entail plural meanings, all comprising intriguing gender dynamics with inherent implications regarding \u27stratification\u27.Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2003 .B475. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 42-03, page: 0833. Adviser: Barry Adam. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2003

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe

Using qualitative methods to assess the measurement property of the new HIV disability questionnaire

The purpose of this article is to describe our experience using a qualitative team approach and predetermined theoretical framework to assess sensibility of a newly developed HIV disability questionnaire. Two interviewers conducted structured qualitative interviews with 22 adults living with HIV, asking participants how well the questionnaire characterized the disability they experienced living with HIV. Data collection and analysis occurred over six stages with four analysts who met throughout. Strengths of our approach included the ability to assess the sensibility of the questionnaire from the perspective of adults living with HIV, collect and analyze data across multiple sites, establish a systematic team analytical process, and enhance rigour through multiple coding, team reflexivity, and interviewer and analyst triangulation. Challenges included increased resources required to coordinate and implement this approach, differential recruitment rates, initial divergent analytical styles, and the potential to miss emerging codes given the structured nature of the analysis. This article offers a methodological process for researchers to use a qualitative team approach with directed content analysis to assess the sensibility of a new health status questionnaire

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome: A Rare But Important Etiology of Inguinal Hernia and Cryptorchidism

Homozygous loss of function mutations in genes encoding anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) or its receptor (AMHRII) lead to persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS). PMDS is characterized by the presence of a uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix, and upper vagina in fully virilised 46,XY males. Both surgical management and long-term follow-up of these patients are challenging. Four cases with PMDS presented with cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia, and laparoscopic inguinal exploration revealed Mullerian remnants. Three of the patients had homozygous mutations in the AMH gene, one with a novel c.1673G>A (p.Gly558Asp) mutation, and one patient had an AMHRII mutation. All patients underwent a single-stage laparotomy in which the fundus of the uterus was split along the midline to release testes and to avoid damaging the vas deferens or the deferential artery. Biopsy of Mullerian remnants did not reveal any malignancy. The cases presented here expand the clinical and molecular presentation of PMDS. Cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia in the presence of Mullerian structures in an appropriately virilised 46,XY individual should suggest PMDS. Long-term reproductive and endocrinological surveillance is necessary

Evaluation of growth and puberty in a child with a novel TBX19 gene mutation and review of the literature

Background Biallelic mutations in the TBX19 gene cause severe early-onset adrenal failure due to isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD). This rare disease is characterized by low plasma ACTH and cortisol levels, with normal secretion of other pituitary hormones. Herein, we report a patient with IAD due to a novel TBX19 gene mutation, who is also of tall stature. Case report A 4(8/12)-year-old girl was presented with loss of consciousness due to hypoglycemia. The patient was born at term with a birth weight of 3800 g. Her parents were first-degree cousins. She had a history of several hospitalizations for recurrent seizures, abdominal pain, and vomiting. At presentation, her weight and height were + 1.8 and + 2.2 SDS, respectively. Serum glucose was 25 mg/dl (1.4 mmol/L), with normal sodium, potassium, and insulin concentrations. The child was hypocortisolemic (0.1 mu g/dl), and ACTH levels were extremely low ( A (W101*) mutation in the TBX19 gene. Conclusion We report a new mutation in the TBX19 gene in a patient with isolated ACTH deficiency. While overgrowth is a known feature of some types of adrenal insufficiencies, including MC2R gene defects and POMC deficiency, it may be a novel feature for TPIT deficiency, as in our patient