Plagiatorstvo v raziskovalnih poročilih indijskih doktorskih študentov: vzroki in akcijski načrt za izboljšavo problematike

Many reputable academic journals have retracted research papers from Indian researchers because of plagiarism. The University Grant Commission, a representative organisation of the Indian government, is diligently endeavouring to ensure academic integrity by applying stringent guidelines. The present study aims to find the potential causes of the plagiarism found in the research reports of Indian doctoral students and to formulate a remedial action plan. A literature review was undertaken to identify incidences of plagiarism at educational institutions. Based on the review’s insights, a survey was conducted to investigate doctoral students’ awareness of plagiarism, including causes and remedial action plans. In addition, 21 interviews were conducted with senior academics and professionals from various academic disciplines to gain an understanding of their viewpoints. An analysis was then undertaken of the responses received through the questionnaires and interviews. The results suggested the widespread incidence of plagiarism and shed light on its causes. A remedial action plan emerged from the study, which included 1) establishing a research ethics committee at all academic or research institutions, 2) fostering a correct understanding of plagiarism and its implications by conducting training, workshops and awareness campaigns at an early stage of doctoral students’ lives, 3) ensuring clarity of research purpose among doctoral students and emphasising the quality of research work, 4) developing academic writing skills, and 5) making anti-plagiarism software available free of charge to all students and faculty members. Indian students perceive the University Grant Commission’s stringent guidelines as a good initiative. However, these guidelines cannot be implemented fruitfully without addressing the underlying causes of plagiarism. (DIPF/Orig.

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Plagiarism in the Research Reports of Indian Doctoral Students: Causes and a Remedial Action Plan

Many reputable academic journals have retracted research papers from Indian researchers because of plagiarism. The University Grant Commission, a representative organisation of the Indian government, is diligently endeavouring to ensure academic integrity by applying stringent guidelines. The present study aims to find the potential causes of the plagiarism found in the research reports of Indian doctoral students and to formulate a remedial action plan. A literature review was undertaken to identify incidences of plagiarism at educational institutions. Based on the review’s insights, a survey was conducted to investigate doctoral students’ awareness of plagiarism, including causes and remedial action plans. In addition, 21 interviews were conducted with senior academics and professionals from various academic disciplines to gain an understanding of their viewpoints. An analysis was then undertaken of the responses received through the questionnaires and interviews. The results suggested the widespread incidence of plagiarism and shed light on its causes. A remedial action plan emerged from the study, which included 1) establishing a research ethics committee at all academic or research institutions, 2) fostering a correct understanding of plagiarism and its implications by conducting training, workshops and awareness campaigns at an early stage of doctoral students’ lives, 3) ensuring clarity of research purpose among doctoral students and emphasising the quality of research work, 4) developing academic writing skills, and 5) making anti-plagiarism software available free of charge to all students and faculty members. Indian students perceive the University Grant Commission’s stringent guidelines as a good initiative. However, these guidelines cannot be implemented fruitfully without addressing the underlying causes of plagiarism

Hydrodynamics of Two Interacting Liquid Droplets of Aqueous Solution inside a Microchannel

We experimentally investigated the effect of a neighboring liquid droplet on fluid convection inside a liquid droplet of aqueous solution present inside a microchannel using the microscale particle image velocimetry technique. There is no physical contact between the two droplets, and the solute concentrations of the two droplets are set at different values. Vapor concentration near the interface of the two droplets is different due to the difference in solute concentration. Water vapor evaporates from the low-concentration droplet having higher vapor pressure and condenses on the high-concentration droplet having lower vapor pressure. Evaporation and condensation induce Rayleigh convection inside the two droplets. Flow pattern shows circulating loops inside both liquid droplets. The circulations at the interacting adjacent interface of the two droplets are opposite to each other. The strength of flow inside the liquid droplets decreases with time due to decrease in the difference of solute concentration between the two droplets. The flow strength inside the two interacting droplets is also a function of separation distance between the droplets. The flow strength inside the droplets decreases with increase in separation distance

Hydrodynamics of Two Interacting Liquid Droplets of Aqueous Solution inside a Microchannel

We experimentally investigated the effect of a neighboring liquid droplet on fluid convection inside a liquid droplet of aqueous solution present inside a microchannel using the microscale particle image velocimetry technique. There is no physical contact between the two droplets, and the solute concentrations of the two droplets are set at different values. Vapor concentration near the interface of the two droplets is different due to the difference in solute concentration. Water vapor evaporates from the low-concentration droplet having higher vapor pressure and condenses on the high-concentration droplet having lower vapor pressure. Evaporation and condensation induce Rayleigh convection inside the two droplets. Flow pattern shows circulating loops inside both liquid droplets. The circulations at the interacting adjacent interface of the two droplets are opposite to each other. The strength of flow inside the liquid droplets decreases with time due to decrease in the difference of solute concentration between the two droplets. The flow strength inside the two interacting droplets is also a function of separation distance between the droplets. The flow strength inside the droplets decreases with increase in separation distance