Efecto genotóxico de hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos asociados a material particulado

Fil: Tames, M. F. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Tames, M. F. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, y Naturales; Argentina.La Organización Mundial de la Salud ha señalado que en ambientes urbanos los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (HAP’s) son uno de los contaminantes más tóxicos, debido a que son agentes mutagénicos perjudiciales para el hombre aun en pequeñas concentraciones. Si bien existe algunos estudios sobre la capacidad genotóxica del material particulado, ésta podría no ser válida para las ciudades latinoamericanas, debido a que la mayoría de dichos estudios han sido realizados en países desarrollados que poseen características climáticas, geográficas y socioeconómicas considerablemente diferentes a las de las urbes de América Latina.Fil: Tames, M. F. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Tames, M. F. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, y Naturales; Argentina.Otras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambient

Genotoxicidad de hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos adsorbidos en material particulado presente en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

Fil: Tames, M. F. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Tames, M. F. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Amarillo, A. C. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Amarillo, A. C. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Wannaz, E. D. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.El material particulado es un contaminante atmosférico con potencialidad para causar problemas en la salud. Adsorbidos al MP se encuentran hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (HAPs), que son producto de la combustión incompleta, y algunos están clasificados por la Agencia Internacional de Investigación en Cáncer como mutagénicos y/o carcinogénicos, aún en bajas concentraciones. Entre los test para evaluar genotoxicidad de contaminantes, el ensayo cometa es uno de los más empleados. En el presente trabajo se evaluó el efecto genotóxico causado por HAPs extraídos de MP recolectado en zonas con fuentes de contaminación diferentes. Se colectaron muestras diarias de MP10 en 4 zonas de la provincia de Córdoba durante 3 años consecutivos con un muestreador de mediano volumen. Se extrajeron los HAPs sonicando los filtros con diclorometano y luego concentrándolos en evaporador rotatorio. Para la cuantificación e identificación de los compuestos orgánicos se empleó cromatografía líquida de alta resolución con fluorescencia. Los extractos orgánicos extraídos del MP10 fueron empleados para exponer linfocitos humanos, con los que luego se realizó el ensayo cometa según la metodología descripta por Singh et al (1988) modificada. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados utilizando CometScore y luego analizados estadísticamente mediante análisis de la varianza y análisis de componentes principales con Infostat. Las zonas con mayor concentración total de HAPs fueron Ferreyra y Centro, mientras que en Malagueño y Saldán se obtuvieron los valores más bajos. Asimismo, en Malagueño se alcanzaron los mayores porcentajes de ADN en la cola de los cometas, mientras que los valores más bajos se registraron en Saldán. Las diferencias observadas se podrían deber tanto a la concentración como a la composición de HAPs, correspondientes a las diferentes zonas de muestreo. Las concentraciones de HAPs asociados al MP analizado indican un potencial riesgo de exposición del hombre a estos compuestos.http://www.congresosetacnqn.com.ar/stc/images/archivos/LibroResumenes_SETAC2014.pdfFil: Tames, M. F. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Tames, M. F. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Amarillo, A. C. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Amarillo, A. C. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Fil: Wannaz, E. D. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Carreras, H. A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina.Otras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambient

Bifidobacterium adolescentis as a key member of the human gut microbiota in the production of GABA

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter playing a key role in anxiety and depression disorders in mammals. Recent studies revealed that members of the gut microbiota are able to produce GABA modulating the gut–brain axis response. Among members of the human gut microbiota, bifidobacteria are well known to establish many metabolic and physiologic interactions with the host. In this study, we performed genome analyses of more than 1,000 bifidobacterial strains publicly available revealing that Bifidobacterium adolescentis taxon might represent a model GABA producer in human gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the in silico screening of human/animal metagenomic datasets showed an intriguing association/correlation between B. adolescentis load and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Interestingly, in vitro screening of 82 B. adolescentis strains allowed identifying two high GABA producers, i.e. B. adolescentis PRL2019 and B. adolescentis HD17T2H, which were employed in an in vivo trial in rats. Feeding Groningen rats with a supplementation of B. adolescentis strains, confirmed the ability of these microorganisms to stimulate the in vivo production of GABA highlighting their potential implication in gut–brain axis interactions

Histological evaluation on Brazilian green propolis effect in tissue repair of Wistar rats cutaneous wounds

This study aimed to evaluate the action of Brazilian green propolis (5%) topic use on cutaneous wound healing in rats, by inflammatory cell counting. Ten Wistar rats were separated in groups 24 h and 72 h, were trichotomized under anesthesia on cervical-dorsal region, and 2 wounds were provoked with a biopsy punch (5 mm diameter). Left wound underwent Brazilian green propolis topic treatment, and right wounds received nothing. Tissue samples were processed for light microscopy with hematoxilineosin., and leucocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts were counted using a histometric reticule in ocular lens. In both groups, within 24 and 72 h evolution, treated wounds demonstrated significant bigger means for leucocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. Brazilian green propolis resulted in inflammatory cell quantity increase, suggesting its action on tissue repair process.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

ERP evidence suggests executive dysfunction in ecstasy polydrug users

Background: Deficits in executive functions such as access to semantic/long-term memory have been shown in ecstasy users in previous research. Equally, there have been many reports of equivocal findings in this area. The current study sought to further investigate behavioural and electro-physiological measures of this executive function in ecstasy users. Method: Twenty ecstasy–polydrug users, 20 non-ecstasy–polydrug users and 20 drug-naïve controls were recruited. Participants completed background questionnaires about their drug use, sleep quality, fluid intelligence and mood state. Each individual also completed a semantic retrieval task whilst 64 channel Electroencephalography (EEG) measures were recorded. Results: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no between-group differences in behavioural performance on the task. Mixed ANOVA on event-related potential (ERP) components P2, N2 and P3 revealed significant between-group differences in the N2 component. Subsequent exploratory univariate ANOVAs on the N2 component revealed marginally significant between-group differences, generally showing greater negativity at occipito-parietal electrodes in ecstasy users compared to drug-naïve controls. Despite absence of behavioural differences, differences in N2 magnitude are evidence of abnormal executive functioning in ecstasy–polydrug users

Comparison between two methods of working length determination and its effect on radiographic extent of root canal filling: a clinical study [ISRCTN71486641]

BACKGROUND: Obtaining a correct working length is critical to the success of endodontic therapy. Different methods have been used to identify this crucial measurement. The Aim of this clinical study was to compare the effect of working length determination using apex locator alone or in combination with working length radiograph on the apical extent of root canal filling. METHODS: A total number of 66 patients, 151 canals were randomized into two groups, In group (I) working length was determined by apex locator alone, while in group (II) working length was determined by apex locator confirmed by working length radiograph, length of obturation was assessed, and the total number of radiographs was recorded. The data were analyzed using SAS system and T. tests were carried out. Statistical significance was considered to be P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Sixty seven canals in group I were treated with a mean distance from the tip of root canal filling to radiographic apex -0.5 mm ± 0.5 and a mean of a total number of radiographs of 2.0, while in group II eighty four canals were treated with a mean distance from the tip of root canal filling to radiographic apex -0.4 mm ± 0.5 and a mean of a total number of radiographs of 3.2. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean distance from the tip of root filling to radiographic apex between group I and group II (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The practice of using electronic apex locator in the determination of working length is useful and reliable with no statistical difference of the radiographic extent of root canal filling when using apex locator alone or in combination with working length radiograph. Under the clinical conditions of this study, it is suggested that the correct use of an apex locator alone could prevent the need for further diagnostic radiographs for determination of working length. This method can be useful in patients who need not to be exposed to repeated radiation because of mental, medical or oral conditions

Association between age at disease onset of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and clinical presentation and short-term outcomes

Objectives: ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can affect all age groups. We aimed to show that differences in disease presentation and 6 month outcome between younger- A nd older-onset patients are still incompletely understood. Methods: We included patients enrolled in the Diagnostic and Classification Criteria for Primary Systemic Vasculitis (DCVAS) study between October 2010 and January 2017 with a diagnosis of AAV. We divided the population according to age at diagnosis: <65 years or ≥65 years. We adjusted associations for the type of AAV and the type of ANCA (anti-MPO, anti-PR3 or negative). Results: A total of 1338 patients with AAV were included: 66% had disease onset at <65 years of age [female 50%; mean age 48.4 years (s.d. 12.6)] and 34% had disease onset at ≥65 years [female 54%; mean age 73.6 years (s.d. 6)]. ANCA (MPO) positivity was more frequent in the older group (48% vs 27%; P = 0.001). Younger patients had higher rates of musculoskeletal, cutaneous and ENT manifestations compared with older patients. Systemic, neurologic,cardiovascular involvement and worsening renal function were more frequent in the older-onset group. Damage accrual, measured with the Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI), was significantly higher in older patients, 12% of whom had a 6 month VDI ≥5, compared with 7% of younger patients (P = 0.01). Older age was an independent risk factor for early death within 6 months from diagnosis [hazard ratio 2.06 (95% CI 1.07, 3.97); P = 0.03]. Conclusion: Within 6 months of diagnosis of AAV, patients >65 years of age display a different pattern of organ involvement and an increased risk of significant damage and mortality compared with younger patients

External Debt and Economic Growth

Throughout the years most countries have incurred in borrowing money in order to finance many of their operations. Those loans and their accumulation have either benefited or impaired those countries’ ability to grow. In this report we examine several factors that affect the gross domestic product (GDP) and their levels of impact with the sole purpose of inferring the relationship between debt and GDP. In addition, we will propose a cut-off point from which additional debt results in negative growth