A SAÚDE PÚBLICA E A LUTA PARA QUE A POPULAÇÃO SEJA IMUNIZADA

This article reports the importance of vaccines in the prevention of diseases that can be prevented if the patient has been vaccinated against a given disease. The aim of this article is to describe the current situation of public health, mainly to make people aware of the need and importance of vaccines. The article reflects the situation of individuals who have difficulty in contacting medical services due to inaccessible places. The method used in this study was obtained from qualitative data, obtained from an online form, where the interviewees answered their position on vaccination. After the analysis by this means, it can be determined that the interviewees believe that vaccination is important to prevent diseases and that it also helps to reduce the spread of them. The conclusion of the form's answers is that most of the interviewees believe that the vaccination campaign is positive, which is a result of vital importance for society, because it is a current topic, due to the pandemic to which we are due to the new Covid 19. Scientists are working together to find a new vaccine that can be used, so that individuals are biologically prepared to resist this virus.Este artículo informa sobre la importancia de las vacunas en la prevención de enfermedades que se pueden prevenir si el paciente ha sido vacunado contra una enfermedad en particular. El propósito de este artículo es describir la situación actual de la salud pública, principalmente para concienciar a las personas sobre la necesidad e importancia de las vacunas. El artículo refleja la situación de las personas que tienen dificultades para contactar con los servicios médicos debido a lugares inaccesibles. El método utilizado en este estudio se obtuvo a partir de datos cualitativos, obtenidos de un formulario en línea, donde los encuestados respondieron su posición sobre la vacunación. Luego del análisis por este medio, se puede determinar que los entrevistados creen que la vacunación es importante para prevenir enfermedades y que también ayuda a reducir su propagación. La conclusión de las respuestas al formulario es que la mayoría de los encuestados cree que la campaña de vacunación es positiva, lo cual es un resultado de vital importancia para la sociedad, ya que es un tema de actualidad, debido a la pandemia a la que nos encontramos a causa de la nuevo Covid 19. Los científicos están trabajando juntos para encontrar una nueva vacuna que pueda usarse, de modo que las personas estén preparadas biológicamente para resistir este virus.Este artigo relata a importância das vacinas na prevenção de doenças que podem ser prevenidas se o paciente tiver sido vacinado contra uma determinada doença. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a situação atual da saúde pública, principalmente para conscientizar as pessoas sobre a necessidade e a importância das vacinas. O artigo reflete a situação de indivíduos que têm dificuldade em entrar em contato com serviços médicos devido a lugares inacessíveis. O método utilizado neste estudo foi obtido a partir de dados qualitativos, obtidos a partir de um formulário online, onde os entrevistados responderam sua posição sobre a vacinação. Após a análise por esse meio, pode-se determinar que os entrevistados acreditam que a vacinação é importante para prevenir doenças e que também ajuda a reduzir a propagação das mesmas. A conclusão das respostas do formulário é que a maioria dos entrevistados acreditam que a campanha de vacinação é positiva, o que se configura em um resultado de vital importância para a sociedade, pois é um tópico atual, devido à pandemia ao qual nos encontramos por conta do novo Covid 19. Cientistas estão em conjunto para encontrar uma nova vacina que possa ser usada, para que os indivíduos estejam biologicamente preparados para resistir a esse vírus

OS DESAFIOS DA GESTÃO PÚBLICA NA SAÚDE

Public health management is a theme of great relevance to society because it directly interferes in a sector considered as a basic need for the population. The challenges in relation to public health management in Brazil are immense and represent a field of constant clashes in the administration in all spheres of government. The aim of this study was to discuss public health management in Brazil and the research sources for this study were Google Scholar and Scielo database, prioritizing recent publications, mostly from the last ten years. It was concluded that health management is permeated by several historical, political, social and economic factors, and popular participation is extremely important, especially in order to guarantee a right acquired through struggles signed over the decades. La gestión de la salud pública es un tema de gran relevancia para la sociedad porque interfiere directamente en un sector considerado como una necesidad básica para la población. Los desafíos en relación con la gestión de la salud pública en Brasil son inmensos y representan un campo de constantes enfrentamientos en la administración en todas las esferas del gobierno. El objetivo de este estudio fue discutir la gestión de la salud pública en Brasil y las fuentes de investigación para este estudio fueron Google Scholar y la base de datos Scielo, priorizando publicaciones recientes, en su mayoría de los últimos diez años. Se concluyó que la gestión de la salud está permeada por varios factores históricos, políticos, sociales y económicos, y la participación popular es sumamente importante, especialmente para garantizar un derecho adquirido a través de luchas firmadas a lo largo de las décadas.   A gestão pública em saúde é um tema de grande relevância para a sociedade pois interfere diretamente em um setor considerado como necessidade básica para a população. Os desafios em relação à gestão pública em saúde no Brasil são imensos e representam um campo de constantes embates na administração em todas as esferas de governo. O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir sobre a gestão pública em saúde no Brasil e as fontes de pesquisa para este estudo foram o Google Acadêmico e base de dados da Scielo, priorizando publicação recentes, majoritariamente dos últimos dez anos. Concluiu-se que a gestão em saúde é perpassada por diversos fatores históricos, políticos, sociais e econômicos, sendo de extrema importância a participação popular principalmente no sentido de garantir um direito adquirido através de lutas firmadas ao longo das décadas.&nbsp

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq