Unpredictable Event during EUS-Guided Hepaticojejunostomy

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary drainage is a therapeutic alternative method in patients with cholestasis where the ampulla of Vater cannot be reached because several reasons. An unfortunate complication during EUS-guided biliary drainage was presented in this report. A 53-year-old male patient presented with jaundice and pruritus. He had a history of total gastrectomy due to gastric cancer. An abdominal tomography scan detected a tumoral mass in the common bile duct due to the recurrence of gastric cancer. We decided to perform EUS-guided hepaticojejunostomy because biliary drainage cannot be obtained by conventional methods and percutaneous drainage impairs patient comfort. A double pigtail plastic stent was placed from the jejunum into the segment-3 bile duct towards the hilus. After that echoduodenoscope was removed to the outside gently. We noticed that the stent was stuck in the echoduedonoscope elevator. We reached into the bile duct again and placed a double-pigtail plastic stent successfully

The Change in the Susceptible Populations with the Shift in Hepatitis A Epidemiology

Aim: The incidence of hepatitis A (HepA) has decreased due to vaccination and improved hygiene conditions. However, the age of onset of the disease has shifted from childhood to adulthood. Children with HepA are mildly symptomatic, whereas the course of the disease in adults may be severe. The aim of this study was to examine the change in HepA seroprevalence and identify the population susceptible to HepA. Material and Methods: A total of 10132 patients who were tested anti-Hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin G (anti-HAV IgG) between 2016 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively, and included in this study. The patients were divided into five groups according to their age, and seropositivity rates were compared between age groups. The relevant data of the healthcare professionals were also evaluated separately. Results: The overall seropositivity rate was 60.1% (n=6088). The seropositivity rate was found 29.0% (n=944) in the 18 to 24 years range, 49.7% (n=837) in the 25 to 29 years range, 60.6% (n=689) in the 30 to 34 years range, 76.6% (n=784) in the 35 to 39 years range, and 93.3% (n=2834) in the ≥40 years groups. The seropositivity rate was found 36.1% (n=1781) and 82.9% (n=4307) in patients <30 and ≥30 years groups, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: In recent decades, there has been a significant change in HepA seroprevalence. This change has resulted in the emergence of a young adult population susceptible to possible HepA outbreaks. Thus, seronegative young adults may be considered at risk for HepA and routine vaccination may be considered

Elevated Levels of Fecal Calprotectin in Cirrhotic Patients and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, intestinal inflamasyonun göstergesi olan fekal calprotectin (FC) ile artmış intestinal inflamasyon ve buna bağlı artan bakteriyel translokasyon sonucu meydana gelen sirozun komplikasyonları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemize başvuran 18 ve 80 yaş arası 156 sirotik hastadan, dışlama kriterlerine göre 64’ü çıkartıldı ve toplam 92 hasta ve benzer yaş ve cinsiyette 20 gönüllü kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Başvuru sırasında alınan kan örneklerinden eritrosit sedimantasyon değeri (ESR), c-reaktif protein (CRP) ve beyaz küre sayımı (WBC) çalışıldı. Her hastadan ve kontrol grubundan başvurudan sonraki 24 saat içinde bir adet spot gaita örneği alındı. Çalışma grubu, sirozun evresi ilerledikçe veya komplikasyonlar meydana geldiğinde FC değerlerinin değişip değişmediğini incelemek için beş alt gruba (Child-Pugh Evre-A, Evre-B, Evre-C, hepatiks ensefalopati ve spontan bakteriyel peritonit) ayrıldı.Bulgular: Ortanca FC değerleri sirotik hastalarda 168,8 mg/kg ve kontrol grubunda 9,8 mg/kg idi ve gruplar arasındaki farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p=0,039). Alt grup incelemesinde, spontan bakteriyel peritonit grubu ile diğer tüm alt gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p=0,002). Sirotik hastalarda FC ile ESR (r=0.439, p=0.545) veya CRP (r=0.403, p=0.321) ya da WBC sayımı (r=0.061, p=0.645) arasında korelasyon saptanmadı.Sonuç: Sirotik hastalarda FC değerleri yükselmektedir ve sistemik inflamasyon belirteçlerinden önce FC değerlerinin erken yükselmesi sayesinde, spontan bakteriyel peritonitte tanısal bir test olarak kullanılabilir

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the very elderly by using a combination of intravenous midazolam, ketamine and pethidine

Aim The number of therapeutic endoscopic procedures in elderly individuals keeps increasing and this population has a high risk of adverse events related to sedation and general anesthesia. However, there is a paucity on data about the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in this population. Methods In total, 417 consecutive ERCP procedures were performed in 362 patients between September 2018 and January 2020. Of these, 59 patients (74 sessions) were aged >= 80 years (Group A) and 173 patients (193 procedures) were aged <= 65 years (Group B). We analyzed the prospectively collected data of patient- and procedure-related variables. Results The procedure time was significantly longer in Group A (P < 0.05). The prevalence of comorbidities, use of anticoagulants and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification levels were significantly higher in Group A (P < 0.05). The incidence of periampullary diverticula, malignancy, rate of difficult cannulation, mean number of stones, use of biliary stents and stent dysfunction was also significantly higher in Group A (P < 0.05). The medication doses used were significantly higher and emergence symptoms were significantly more frequent in Group B (P < 0.05). The rates of bleeding, pancreatitis, perforation, cholangitis, hypoxia, hypotension and the length of hospital stay did not significantly differ between the two groups. The overall success rate of the procedure was comparable in the two groups (P = 0.874). Conclusions ERCP can be safely performed in elderly patients using a combination of midazolam and ketamine without propofol. The incidence of complications is comparable with that observed in younger patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int center dot center dot; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot.WOS:0006873533000012-s2.0-85113207943PubMed: 3442703

Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp: a rare kind of benign polyp to be cured with endoscopic and/or surgical removal

Background: Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp is a very rare kind of benign polyp which occurs in the anal transitional zone and lower rectum. These polyps arise in association with various conditions (e.g., internal hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, colorectal tumors, and Crohn's disease) in which mucosal injury is the underlying pathogenic mechanism. Case report: A 24-year-old male patient applied to emergency department with bloody defecation for a month. A polyp that is 1.5 cm in size had been observed at rectum and anal verge junction during colonoscopy, pathological diagnosis was inflammatory cloacogenic polyp. Thereupon, colonoscopic polypectomy was performed as the malignant transformation possibility. Conclusion: Polyps of the anorectal junction with inflammatory appearance might be inflammatory cloacogenic polyps with malignant transformation potential that must be treated by endoscopic removal or surgery and followed up routinely with colonoscopic surveillance. Resumo: Experiência: Pólipos cloacogênicos inflamatórios constituem um tipo muito raro de pólipo benigno, com ocorrência na zona de transição anal e reto baixo. Esses pólipos surgem em associação com diversos distúrbios (p. ex., hemorroidas internas, diverticulose, tumores colorretais, e doença de Crohn) nos quais a lesão à mucosa é o mecanismo patogênico subjacente. Relato de caso: Paciente, gênero masculino, 24 anos, compareceu ao serviço de emergência com defecação sanguinolenta com duração de um mês. Durante a colonoscopia, foi observado um pólipo medindo 1,5 cm de diâmetro no reto e na junção da borda anal; foi estabelecido um diagnóstico patológico de pólipo cloacogênico inflamatório. Subsequentemente, foi realizada polipectomia colonoscópica, diante do potencial de transformação maligna. Conclusão: Pólipos da junção anorretal com aspecto inflamatório podem ser pólipos cloacogênicos inflamatórios com potencial para transformação maligna, devendo ser tratados por remoção endoscópica ou cirúrgica e monitorados periodicamente com vigilância colonoscópica. Keywords: Inflammation, Solitary rectal ulcer, Cloacogenic polyp, Palavras-chave: Inflamação, Úlcera retal solitária, Pólipo cloacogênic

Characteristics Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Aggressiveness Factors In Turkish Patients

A large cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients from several collaborating Turkish institutions were examined for the tumor parameters of maximum diameter (MTD), portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. A relationship was found between MTD and blood platelet levels. Patients with large >= 5 cm tumors who had normal platelet levels had significantly larger tumors, higher percent of PVT, and significantly lower blood total bilirubin and liver cirrhosis than similar >= 5 cm tumor patients having thrombocytopenia. A comparison of patients with and without PVT showed significantly larger tumors, greater multifocality, blood AFP, and C-reactive protein levels, and, interestingly, lower HDL levels in the patients with PVT. Fifty-eight percent of the total cohort had AFP levels <= 100 IU/mL ( and 42.1% had values <= 20 IU/mL). These patients had significantly smaller tumors, less tumor multifocality and percent PVT, lower total bilirubin, and less cirrhosis. There was considerable geographic heterogeneity within Turkey in the patterns of HCC presentation, with areas of higher and lower hepatitis B virus, hepatitis D virus, cirrhosis, and tumor aggressiveness parameters. Turkish patients thus have distinct patterns of presentation, but the biological relationships between MTD and both platelets and bilirubin levels are similar to the relationships that have been reported in other ethnic patient groups. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, BaselWo

Inflammatory Markers C-Reactive Protein And Plr In Relation To Hcc Characteristics

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