Особенности организации внутреннего аудита на сервисных предприятиях

В статье обоснована необходимость организации внутреннего аудита на предприятиях, выделены особенности такого аудита, присущие, в частности, сервисным предприятиям. Представлена классификация и этапы внутреннего аудита на предприятиях сферы услуг

Functional brain MRI in the setting of drug correction of obesity

AIMS. Study of the dynamics of brain activity using functional MRI (fMRI) in obese patients treated with sibutramine (Reduxine®).MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study enrolled patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 . All participants underwent initial brain fMRI mapping. The obesity cohort was treated with sibutramine at a dose of 10 or 15 mg per day for 3 months. After treatment patients with obesity underwent a second fMRI mapping to assess changes against the initial mapping.RESULTS. The study included: 30 patients (86,7% women) with mean age of 31 [27.25; 36] years, mean body weight (BW)  - 106 [95.75; 121.75] kg, mean BMI 37.4 [33.55; 41.9] kg/m2 , mean waist circumference (WC) - 109 [100; 114.75] cm. The most marked activation volume (via fMRI) was observed in patients with obesity (before treatment) in the visual cortex (occipital lobes). After 3 months of treatment with sibutramine, 80% of patients lose ≥5% of BW. Mean BW decrease was -7.2 [-13.46; -5.37] kg, BMI decrease — -7.2 [-13.49; -5.34] кг/м2 , WC decrease — -6.9 [-11.88; -4.03] см, p <0,05. According to fMRI data, a  decrease in brain activation in the projection of the occipital lobes (35%), left insula (44%), and increase inactivation by 70% in the area of the left DMPF.CONCLUSION. A dynamic study of brain activity using fMRI in obese patients showed that during treatment with sibutramine, a decrease in body weight is accompanied by a decrease in activation in the projection of the occipital lobes and the left insular lobe of the brain, and an increase in activation in the area of the left DMPFC. These data may indicate a decrease in the emotional perception of high-calorie food, a decrease in motivation to eat it, and an increase in cognitive control. In general, the noted dynamics of the functional activity of the brain in obese patients against the background of obesity therapy can be regarded as a change in previously formed patterns of eating behavior

Organic matter from Artic sea ice loss alters bacterial community structure and function

Continuing losses of multi-year sea ice (MYI) across the Arctic are resulting in first-year ice (FYI) dominating the Arctic ice pack. Melting FYI provides a strong seasonal pulse of dissolved organic matter (DOM) into surface waters; however, the biological impact of this DOM input is unknown. Here we show that DOM additions cause significant and contrasting changes in under-ice bacterioplankton abundance, production and species composition. Utilization of DOM was influenced by molecular size, with 10-100 kDa and >100 kDa DOM fractions promoting rapid growth of particular taxa, while uptake of sulfur and nitrogen-rich low molecular weight organic compounds shifted bacterial community composition. These results demonstrate the ecological impacts of DOM released from melting FYI, with wideranging consequences for the cycling of organic matter across regions of the Arctic Ocean transitioning from multi-year to seasonal sea ice as the climate continues to warm

Polarization features of acoustic spectra in Uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals

yesThe results of investigation of uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals dynamics with molecules of the various forms are presented. These condensed matters possess internal spatial anisotropy and for their adequate description introduction of additional dynamic quantities is necessary. They are vectors of spatial anisotropy and conformational degrees of freedom. Investigation of dynamics of the given condensed matters is based on Hamiltonian formalism in which framework the nonlinear dynamic equations for uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals are derivedBelgorod State Universit

Polarization features of acoustic spectra in Uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals

The results of investigation of uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals dynamics with molecules of the various forms are presented. These condensed matters possess internal spatial anisotropy and for their adequate description introduction of additional dynamic quantities is necessary. They are vectors of spatial anisotropy and conformational degrees of freedom. Investigation of dynamics of the given condensed matters is based on Hamiltonian formalism in which framework the nonlinear dynamic equations for uniaxial and biaxial nematic liquid crystals are derivedyesBelgorod State Universit

Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Humic Acids Isolated from Peat of Various Origins

Although humic acids (HAs) from peat exhibit various therapeutic properties, there is little information available concerning their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. To address this issue, nine different types of peat, including oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and minerotrophic peat samples, were used for isolation of HA fractions by basic (HAb) and pyrophosphate (HAp) extractions. Physical parameters of the HAs were analyzed by UV-Vis, fluorescent, infrared (IR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Average Mr of the fractions ranged from 17.2 to 39.7 kDa, while their humification index (HIX) varied from 0.49 to 1.21. HAp fractions had a higher content of aromatic structures compared to HAb fractions. Moreover, HAp fractions had a significantly higher content of phenolic OH groups (3.6 ± 0.5 mmol/g) versus HAb (3.1 ± 0.5 mmol/g). All HA fractions exhibited antioxidant activity in radical scavenging and electrochemical assays, and their EPR signal had a single line with g = 2.0035, which is consistent with semiquinone type radicals. Furthermore, the HIX was found to be important in determining the number of semiquinone-type free radicals in the HA structures. Overall, these data provide a molecular basis to explain at least part of the beneficial therapeutic properties of peat-derived HAs

Oxygen isotope variations of garnets and clinopyroxenes in a layered diamondiferous calcsilicate rock from Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan: a window into the geochemical nature of deeply subducted UHPM rocks

Calcsilicate and garnet-pyroxene rocks with dolomite and Mg-calcite matrices occur with UHPM diamondiferous biotite gneisses and schists of the Kokchetav Massif. The calcsilicates are characterized by high diamond grade, K-bearing diopside, and very high Mg-garnets (Mg# \u3e 77) with variable Ca contents (Ca# = 42.5–80). A rare calcsilicate sample with alternating layers of different bulk compositions was selected for oxygen isotope and electron probe microanalysis of garnets and pyroxenes. A grain of fresh garnet with a brownish-yellow luminescent inner domain (Mg# 94) and a non-luminescent outer part (Mg# 88) was selected for in situ analysis of δ18O by ion microprobe (10 μm spot). The profile demonstrates a δ18O gradient of 1.5‰/200 μm, from 11.3 (rim) to 12.8‰ (core) VSMOW. Additional 2 mg samples of hand-picked garnet and clinopyroxene fragments from different parts of the same sample (selected by color and chemical differences) were analyzed for δ18O by laser fluorination, yielding even larger differences in δ18O: 6.3–10.6‰ in garnets and 6.1–8.1 in clinopyroxenes. The zonation in δ18O among grains of the same mineral in different lithologies may in part reflect initial heterogeneities of the finely layered sedimentary precursors. The δ18O values for the garnets are among the highest observed for UHP-origin (both for crustal or mantle rocks), confirming a sedimentary origin for these carbonate-bearing rocks, and ruling out a primitive mantle-derived protolith. Oxygen diffusion in garnet at peak metamorphism temperature (1,000°C) was arrested by rapid cooling

Новые возможности лечения детей с бронхиальной астмой в амбулаторной практике

Effective, safe and convenient inhalation therapy of asthma is of particular importance in pediatric practice. We performed open randomized comparative trial to evaluate efficacy of ultra-fine Beclazone ECO Ease Breathe (BEEB) vs fluticasone in equal doses in children with asthma. The study involved 40 children (26 males, 14 females) of 6-17 years of age with moderate asthma. They were treated with fluticasone followed by BEEB 250 μg b.i.d. We analyzed clinical findings, frequency and severity of asthma symptoms, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), medications used for asthma, lung function parameters. After 2 months of treatment with BEEB, the full control of asthma has been achieved in 11 patients (27.5 %) vs 9 patients treated with fluticasone (22.5 %). The good control was achieved in 27 (67.5 %) and 28 (70 %) patients, respectively. The asthma control was poor in 2 patients with BEEB (5 %) and 3 patients with fluticasone (7.5 %). Moderate improvement in mean FEV 1 and PEFR and reduction of their postbronchodilator growth were noted. All the children easily acquired the proper inhalation technique for BEEB. After 2 months of treatment, 39 of 40 patients have wished to continue therapy with this inhaler. There were no adverse events of the drug. There were no additional expenses for asthma and need of hospitalization or other medical care during the study. Therefore, BEEB as the basic therapy of childhood moderate asthma improves asthma control and compliance of the patient and the physician, and significantly decreases the cost of treatment.Эффективная, безопасная и удобная ингаляционная терапия бронхиальной астмы (БА) особенно важна в педиатрической практике. Нами было проведено открытое рандомизированное сравнительное исследование, оценивавшее эффективность терапии ультрамелкодисперсным Беклазоном Эко Легкое Дыхание (БЭЛД) и флутиказоном в эквивалентных дозах у детей с БА. В исследовании приняли участие 40 пациентов с БА среднетяжелого течения в возрасте 6–17 лет (26 мальчиков, 14 девочек), у которых базисная терапия флутиказоном была заменена на БЭЛД по 250 мкг 2 раза в день. Анализировали клинические данные, частоту и выраженность симптомов БА, показатели ПСВ, используемую терапию, показатели функции внешнего дыхания. Через 2 мес. терапии БЭЛД полный контроль БА достигнут у 11 (27,5 %) больных по сравнению с 9 (22,5 %) при лечении флутиказоном, хороший контроль — у 27 (67,5 %) и 28 (70 %) больных соответственно. Контроль БА был недостаточным у 2 (5 %) больных при лечении БЭЛД и 3 (7,5 %) пациентов при лечении флутиказоном. Выявлено небольшое увеличение средних показателей объема форсированного выдоха за 1-ю с (ОФВ1 ) и пиковой скорости выдоха (ПСВ) и уменьшение их прироста в пробе с бронхолитиком. Все дети быстро и легко осваивали технику использования БЭЛД. Через 2 мес. терапии 39 из 40 пациентов выразили желание продолжать лечение этим препаратом. Ни у одного из больных не выявлены побочные эффекты. В период исследования не требовались дополнительные затраты на лечение БА, отсутствовала потребность в госпитализации и другой медицинской помощи. Таким образом, применение БЭЛД в качестве базисной терапии у детей со среднетяжелой БА улучшает контроль заболевания, повышает комплаенс между врачом и пациентом, а также существенно снижает затраты на лечение