THE SECTION OF CULTIVATED PLANTS IN THE CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN BOTANICAL SOCIETY (RBS)

The article presents a brief history of the Russian Botanical Society (RBS) and its Section of Cultivated Plants

Biogeochemical features of fallow lands in the steppe zone

Fallow lands in ancient agricultural areas of Northwestern Crimea which had experienced repeated phases of agricultural activity at different time periods (the Late Bronze Age, antiquity, and the last 150−200 years) have been studied. The most informative and evolutionarily significant biogeochemical indicators of relict agricultural loads and duration of fallow periods are specifie

Magnetic surveys locate Late Bronze Age corrals

A new type of livestock enclosure from the Late Bronze Age has been discovered. Stone walls outline a pair of circular or oval areas that may be up to 50 m in diameter. The stone walls are invisible at the surface; they were discovered in north-western Crimea and only with the aid of remote sensing and geophysical survey

MOBILIZATION OF VEGETABLE PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES TO THE VIR COLLECTION FROM THE TERRITORY OF ARMENIA (BASED ON THE DATA OF VIR'S INTERNATIONAL EXPEDITION TO ARMENIA IN 2017)

Background. Plant genetic resources (PGR) mobilization, their preservation in collections (ex situ) and in plant communities (in  situ/on farm), their studying as well as systematization of the  related information in databases are not just relevant and topical  issues; they are vital to ensure food, environmental and bioresource  security of Russia. In view of this, the number of VIR's expeditions to various regions of Russia and neighboring countries to collect food,  fodder and industrial crops and their wild relatives is growing every  year. Armenia is one of the richest territories in genetic resources.  The richness and diversity of PGR in general and vegetable crops in  particular is determined by several factors, including geographical  features, soil and climate, the origin of cultivated plants, the  traditions of their cultivation and consumption, and others.Methodology. Surveys of the planned territories were carried out  along the routes from Yerevan in different directions, and lasted from one to three days. The collecting method complied with the  Guidelines for collecting plant resources to replenish the collection of VIR.Results. During the period from August 06 to 20, 2017, 191  collection sites were explored, and various accessions were  collected: 225 seed samples for the VIR collection, and 53 herbarium specimens of wild lettuce for VIR's Herbarium, 48 of which belonged  to Lactuca L. spp., and 5 to the species of close genera (Cicerbita  Wallr., Cephalorinhus Boiss.). The length of the route was 2,863 km

The Use of Remote Sensing Methods for Studying of the Ancient Greek Land Division System of Tauric Chersonesos on the Mayachnyy Peninsula of the Crimea Peninsula

A detailed analysis of the 1940s archival aerial photographs and a 1966 satellite image, has shown that the earliest land division of the ancient Tauric Chersonesos affected the Sredinnyy Peninsula of the Crimean Peninsula, as well as the territory to the southeast of the fortification on the isthmus of Mayachnyy, which is on the outside the Mayachnyy Peninsul

Land division system, agrotechnology and soil transformation in the post-antique agrolandscapes of Northwestern Crimea

The quality of products in regions that specialize in viticulture and horticulture depends on many environmental factors, but the importance of the concentrations of trace elements in the rhizosphere is no less important than the main elements of mineral nutrition. We determined the geographical factor as the main one when comparing the geochemistry of fallow soils in individual regions of ancient viticulture of NW Crimea, which is consistent with the assessment of the role of soil in the concept of terroi

Morphological features of the inflorescence in jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) accessions from the VIR collection

Background. Jerusalem artichoke (Heliánthus tuberósus L.) is a valuable crop grown for feed, food, industrial and medicinal purposes. Studying biological, geographic, environmental, taxonomic and other features of this species is a vital task, whose solution will help, first of all, to disclose the variability of its traits, develop its intraspecific system, and work out methods for researching into the morphology of Jerusalem artichoke. Analyzing morphological features of its inflorescence and flower is one of the basic components of such a study. Materials and methods. The material for the research was the collection of Jerusalem artichoke maintained in a live condition at Maikop Experiment Station. The inflorescences of 58 accessions were analyzed to investigate eleven traits. Statistical analysis was carried out using StatSoft’s Statistica 13.0 software package. Results and conclusion. The greatest differences among the groups, formed according to geographic origin, were observed in the number of inflorescences per plant and the number of false ligulate florets in the inflorescence. The length of tubular florets was constant within the species, being 1.4 cm; as the most stable trait, this descriptor probably may be used as a diagnostic tool for this species. The accession ‘Sakhalinsky Krasny 4’ (Sakhalin population of Japanese origin) was the most distinctive, as regards the set of its characteristics

Epidemiology, practice of ventilation and outcome for patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications

BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes with patients at low risk of PPCs. DESIGN This was a prospective international 1-week observational study using the ‘Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score’ (ARISCAT score) for PPC for risk stratification. PATIENTS AND SETTING Adult patients requiring intraoperative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the incidence of patients at increased risk of PPCs based on the ARISCAT score. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative ventilatory management and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 9864 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The incidence of patients at increased risk was 28.4%. The most frequently chosen tidal volume (VT) size was 500 ml, or 7 to 9 ml kg1 predicted body weight, slightly lower in patients at increased risk of PPCs. Levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were slightly higher in patients at increased risk of PPCs, with 14.3% receiving more than 5 cmH2O PEEP compared with 7.6% in patients at low risk of PPCs (P < 0.001). Patients with a predicted preoperative increased risk of PPCs developed PPCs more frequently: 19 versus 7%, relative risk (RR) 3.16 (95% confidence interval 2.76 to 3.61), P < 0.001) and had longer hospital stays. The only ventilatory factor associated with the occurrence of PPCs was the peak pressure. CONCLUSION The incidence of patients with a predicted increased risk of PPCs is high. A large proportion of patients receive high VT and low PEEP levels. PPCs occur frequently in patients at increased risk, with worse clinical outcome