Feasibility study of the solar scientific instruments for Spacelab/Orbiter

The feasibility and economics of mounting and operating a set of solar scientific instruments in the backup Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) hardware was evaluated. The instruments used as the study test payload and integrated into the ATM were: the Solar EUV Telescope/Spectrometer; the Solar Active Region Observing Telescope; and the Lyman Alpha White Light Coronagraph. The backup ATM hardware consists of a central cruciform structure, called the "SPAR', a "Sun End Canister' and a "Multiple Docking Adapter End Canister'. Basically, the ATM hardware and software provides a structural interface for the instruments; a closely controlled thermal environment; and a very accurate attitude and pointing control capability. The hardware is an identical set to the hardware that flow on Skylab

Direct synthesis of Z-alkenyl halides through catalytic cross-metathesis

Olefin metathesis has had a large impact on modern organic chemistry, but important shortcomings remain: for example, the lack of efficient processes that can be used to generate acyclic alkenyl halides. Halo-substituted ruthenium carbene complexes decompose rapidly or deliver low activity and/or minimal stereoselectivity, and our understanding of the corresponding high-oxidation-state systems is limited. Here we show that previously unknown halo-substituted molybdenum alkylidene species are exceptionally reactive and are able to participate in high-yielding olefin metathesis reactions that afford acyclic 1,2-disubstituted Z-alkenyl halides. Transformations are promoted by small amounts of a catalyst that is generated in situ and used with unpurified, commercially available and easy-to-handle liquid 1,2-dihaloethene reagents, and proceed to high conversion at ambient temperature within four hours. We obtain many alkenyl chlorides, bromides and fluorides in up to 91 per cent yield and complete Z selectivity. This method can be used to synthesize biologically active compounds readily and to perform site- and stereoselective fluorination of complex organic molecules.National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U.S.) (GM-59426 and GM-57212

Lattice Formulation of the Standard Model

Combining the Kaplan surface mode approach for chiral fermions with added terms motivated by Eichten and Preskill suggests the possibility for a lattice regularization of the standard model which is finite, exactly gauge invariant, and only has physically desired states in its low energy spectrum. The conjectured scheme manifestly requires anomaly cancelation and explicitly contains baryon and lepton number violating terms.Comment: 11 pages, late

IMPACT EVALUATION FOR THE MANUFACTURED HOUSING ACQUISITION PROGRAM (MAP)

This report presents the results of an impact evaluation of the Manufactured Housing Acquisition Program. This evaluation was conducted for Bonneville by Pacific Northwest Laboratory to determine MAP's energy impacts and cost-effectiveness. We conducted a three-tiered analysis of the utility billing data to estimate program electriccty savings. The first (a raw billing data comparison and simple regression analysis) and second (PRISM) tier analyses provided useful findings for the third-tier analysis by which program savings were estimated. The third-tier approach used a conditional demand type regression analysis to analyze monthly energy consumption, taking into account significant factors likely to influence electricrty usage. We used the regression results to estimate energy savings under "normal" weather conditions for each climate zone. We determined cost-effectiveness by calculating levelized costs using a methodology published by Bonneville. We analyzed potential market transformation effects from a conceptual viewpoint. Our results suggested that MAP's market transformation benefits probably reduced the levelized cost to utilities by 40% or more

Search for Radiative Decays of Cosmic Background Neutrino using Cosmic Infrared Background Energy Spectrum

We propose to search for the neutrino radiative decay by fitting a photon energy spectrum of the cosmic infrared background to a sum of the photon energy spectrum from the neutrino radiative decay and a continuum. By comparing the present cosmic infrared background energy spectrum observed by AKARI and Spitzer to the photon energy spectrum expected from neutrino radiative decay with a maximum likelihood method, we obatined a lifetime lower limit of $3.1 \times 10^{12}$ to $3.8 \times 10^{12}$ years at 95% confidence level for the third generation neutrino $\nu_3$ in the $\nu_3$ mass range between 50 \mmev and 150 \mmev under the present constraints by the neutrino oscillation measurements. In the left-right symmetric model, the minimum lifetime of $\nu_3$ is predicted to be $1.5 \times 10^{17}$ years for $m_3$ of 50 \mmev. We studied the feasibility of the observation of the neutrino radiative decay with a lifetime of $1.5 \times 10^{17}$ years, by measuring a continuous energy spectrum of the cosmic infrared background

Penta­carbon­yl{3-[(2S)-1-methyl­pyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine}tungsten(0)

The title compound, [W(C10H14N2)(CO)5], contains five carbonyl ligands and a nicotine ligand in an octa­hedral arrangement around the tungsten atom. The metal atom shows cis angles in the range 87.30 (16)–94.2 (2)°, and trans angles between 175.2 (2) and 178.1 (4)°. The W—CO bond trans to the pyridine N atom [1.987 (6) Å] is noticeably shorter than the others, which range between 2.036 (3) and 2.064 (3) Å, possibly due to the well-known trans effect. The distance between the W atom and the pyridine N atom is 2.278 (4) Å

Label-free electrochemical monitoring of DNA ligase activity

This study presents a simple, label-free electrochemical technique for the monitoring of DNA ligase activity. DNA ligases are enzymes that catalyze joining of breaks in the backbone of DNA and are of significant scientific interest due to their essential nature in DNA metabolism and their importance to a range of molecular biological methodologies. The electrochemical behavior of DNA at mercury and some amalgam electrodes is strongly influenced by its backbone structure, allowing a perfect discrimination between DNA molecules containing or lacking free ends. This variation in electrochemical behavior has been utilized previously for a sensitive detection of DNA damage involving the sugar-phosphate backbone breakage. Here we show that the same principle can be utilized for monitoring of a reverse process, i.e., the repair of strand breaks by action of the DNA ligases. We demonstrate applications of the electrochemical technique for a distinction between ligatable and unligatable breaks in plasmid DNA using T4 DNA ligase, as well as for studies of the DNA backbone-joining activity in recombinant fragments of E. coli DNA ligase

Impact evaluation for the Manufactured Housing Acquisition Program: Technical appendix

This document supplements the Manufactured Housing Acquisition Program (MAP) impact evaluation report, Lee et al. (1995). MAP is a voluntary energy-efficiency program for HUD-code manufactured homes conducted in the Pacific Northwest beginning in April 1992. Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) prepared this and the impact evaluation reports for the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville). Lee et al. (1995) presents the objectives, methodology, and findings of the program evaluation. This report presents more details about specific aspects of the analysis. The authors used a three-tier approach to analyze the energy consumption of MAP and baseline homes. Chapter 2 discusses Tier 1, the billing data and simplified regression analysis. Chapter 3 presents the details of the Tier 2 analysis, the PRInceton Scorekeeping Method (PRISM). Chapter 4 presents details of the primary analysis technique that they used, a comprehensive regression analysis. Chapter 5 and 6 review two other studies of energy savings associated with MAP. Chapter 5 discusses the simulation model analysis conducted by Ecotope, Inc. Chapter 6 reviews the analysis by Regional Economic Research conducted for three Pacific Northwest investor-owned utilities. The final chapter, Chapter 7, presents details of the Bonneville levelized cost methodology used to estimate the cost of energy savings associated with MAP. Results are presented and discussed in many cases for the three different climate zones found in the Pacific Northwest. 18 refs., 29 tabs