Options for processing of aspen wood to carbon materials

Thermochemical processing of aspen wood to produce carbon materials is of interest considering that it allows increasing the cost of its products several times and enhancing the sustainability of forest complex enterprises.Currently, the enterprises are confined to the manufacture of charcoal, although it is possible to produce other carbon materials, such as charcoal briquettes, activated carbon and oxidized coal.While processing aspen wood, it is feasible to arrange manufacturing charcoal briquettes. Increased mechanical strength and high bulk density of briquettes raises the range of economically viable transportation of manufactured products, i.e. logistics is being improved.To obtain stable quality activated carbon from aspen coal, water vapor activation is the least environmentally hazardous. For such activation implementation, we recommend using a rotary kiln equipped with a Z-shaped insert. For reasons of environmental safety, the oxidation of activated carbon is preferably carried out using hot, humid air. In this case, unlike liquid-phase oxidation, no wastewater is formed. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved

TO THE ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF INVESTIGATION IN CUSTOMER LOYALTY

The advantages to a company after creating customer loyalty are presented. Analysis of the international and domestic experience in the issue of customer loyalty is presented. The evolution of the concept of customer loyalty considered. The emotional and rational aspects of customer loyalty are discovered. The advantages and disadvantages of approaches to customer loyalty are identified

THE INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL AUTOMOTIVE MARKET

The sales dynamic of new cars in Russia over the last ten years is presented. The stages of growth and decline of the automotive market are allocated. The economic factors influencing the development of the national automotive market are considered. The correlation of the automotive market and alterations in the Russian economy is tracked

TO THE ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF INVESTIGATION IN CUSTOMER LOYALTY

The advantages to a company after creating customer loyalty are presented. Analysis of the international and domestic experience in the issue of customer loyalty is presented. The evolution of the concept of customer loyalty considered. The emotional and rational aspects of customer loyalty are discovered. The advantages and disadvantages of approaches to customer loyalty are identified

THE INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL AUTOMOTIVE MARKET

The sales dynamic of new cars in Russia over the last ten years is presented. The stages of growth and decline of the automotive market are allocated. The economic factors influencing the development of the national automotive market are considered. The correlation of the automotive market and alterations in the Russian economy is tracked

Physics and chemistry of producing silicon-hydroxylapatite-titanium composite materials

In the research, Si-HA poweders have been synthesized using SBF solution with different content of silicon. It was found that all the samples synthesized from the model solution of extracellular fluid under varying concentration of silicate ions are single-phase and repesent hydroxyapatite. The nature of the reagent containing SiO[44]- ions does not affect the hydroxyapatite structure. In the study of the surface and morphological characteristics of the phosphate coatings modified by silicon ions, it was found that as the degree of phosphate calcium substitution by SiO[44]- ions increases, the surface wettability on the titanium substrates deteriorates and cohesive energy decreases. It is shown that the titanium coating is formed in three stages. After irradiation of titanium substrates coated with Si-HA, the crystals can keep growing and the surface can keep regenerating

Problems of protecting the rights of a child with a hearing impairment in the educational space of the kindergarten

В статье поднимается актуальная проблема реализации права ребенка с ОВЗ по слуху на интеграцию. Представлена модель реализации права ребенка на образование на примере ДОУ компенсирующей направленности. Описаны специальные условия, обеспечивающие права ребенка на получение образования. Выводы сформулированы как результат эффективной реализации модели права на образование и права на дальнейшую интеграцию.The article raises the actual problem of the implementation of the child’s with hearing impairment right to integration. The model of realization of the children’s right to education is presented on the example of compensating type kindergarten, Special conditions are described that ensure the children’s right to education. Conclusions are formulated as a result of the effective implementation of the model of right to education and right to integration

Genomic architecture of parallel ecological divergence : beyond a single environmental contrast

The study of parallel ecological divergence provides important clues to the operation of natural selection. Parallel divergence often occurs in heterogeneous environments with different kinds of environmental gradients in different locations, but the genomic basis underlying this process is unknown. We investigated the genomics of rapid parallel adaptation in the marine snail Littorina saxatilis in response to two independent environmental axes (crab-predation versus wave-action and low-shore versus high-shore). Using pooled whole-genome resequencing, we show that sharing of genomic regions of high differentiation between environments is generally low but increases at smaller spatial scales. We identify different shared genomic regions of divergence for each environmental axis and show that most of these regions overlap with candidate chromosomal inversions. Several inversion regions are divergent and polymorphic across many localities. We argue that chromosomal inversions could store shared variation that fuels rapid parallel adaptation to heterogeneous environments, possibly as balanced polymorphism shared by adaptive gene flow