8,004 research outputs found
Asymptotic dynamics of the exceptional Bianchi cosmologies
In this paper we give, for the first time, a qualitative description of the
asymptotic dynamics of a class of non-tilted spatially homogeneous (SH)
cosmologies, the so-called exceptional Bianchi cosmologies, which are of
Bianchi type VI. This class is of interest for two reasons. Firstly,
it is generic within the class of non-tilted SH cosmologies, being of the same
generality as the models of Bianchi types VIII and IX. Secondly, it is the SH
limit of a generic class of spatially inhomogeneous cosmologies.
Using the orthonormal frame formalism and Hubble-normalized variables, we
show that the exceptional Bianchi cosmologies differ from the non-exceptional
Bianchi cosmologies of type VI in two significant ways. Firstly, the
models exhibit an oscillatory approach to the initial singularity and hence are
not asymptotically self-similar. Secondly, at late times, although the models
are asymptotically self-similar, the future attractor for the vacuum-dominated
models is the so-called Robinson-Trautman SH model instead of the vacuum SH
plane wave models.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Class. Quantum Gra
Wettability-independent droplet transport by \emph{Bendotaxis}
We demonstrate \textit{bendotaxis}, a novel mechanism for droplet
self-transport at small scales. A combination of bending and capillarity in a
thin channel causes a pressure gradient that, in turn, results in the
spontaneous movement of a liquid droplet. Surprisingly, the direction of this
motion is always the same, regardless of the wettability of the channel. We use
a combination of experiments at a macroscopic scale and a simple mathematical
model to study this motion, focussing in particular on the time scale
associated with the motion. We suggest that \emph{bendotaxis} may be a useful
means of transporting droplets in technological applications, for example in
developing self-cleaning surfaces, and discuss the implications of our results
for such applications.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Information available on reques
\u3cem\u3eUnited States of America v. Commonwealth of Virginia, et. al.\u3c/em\u3e, 976 F.2d 890 (4th Cir. 1992)
\u3cem\u3eJohnson, et. al. v. Jones, et. al.\u3c/em\u3e, No. 2:92-1674-2 (D.S.C. filed June 17, 1992)
Reauthorize, Revise, and Remember: Refocusing the No Child Left Behind Act To Fulfill Brown\u27s Promise
The adoption of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was billed as a watershed moment in education policy. Yet, NCLB did not mark the federal government\u27s first major foray into education policy; in fact, it was just the most recent incarnation of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA). Enacted at the height of the civil rights movement and as part of America\u27s War on Poverty, the ESEA is a federal civil rights statute at its core, designed to level the playing field and expand educational opportunity for poor children and children of color
Dewlish Roman Villa, Dorset
A description of the excavation of the Dewlish Roman Villa (Dorset) by Bill Putnam between 1969 and 1979. The article also provides details of th post-excavation project and gives an outline of the findings. This includes a provisional phasing of the villa's development
Discovery of Broad Molecular lines and of Shocked Molecular Hydrogen from the Supernova Remnant G357.7+0.3: HHSMT, APEX, Spitzer and SOFIA Observations
We report a discovery of shocked gas from the supernova remnant (SNR)
G357.7+0.3. Our millimeter and submillimeter observations reveal broad
molecular lines of CO(2-1), CO(3-2), CO(4-3), 13CO (2-1) and 13CO (3-2), HCO^+
and HCN using HHSMT, Arizona 12-Meter Telescope, APEX and MOPRA Telescope. The
widths of the broad lines are 15-30 kms, and the detection of such broad lines
is unambiguous, dynamic evidence showing that the SNR G357.7+0.3 is interacting
with molecular clouds. The broad lines appear in extended regions (>4.5'x5').
We also present detection of shocked H2 emission in mid-infrared but lacking
ionic lines using the Spitzer IRS observations to map a few arcmin area. The H2
excitation diagram shows a best-fit with a two-temperature LTE model with the
temperatures of ~200 and 660 K. We observed [C II] at 158um and high-J
CO(11-10) with the GREAT on SOFIA. The GREAT spectrum of [C II], a 3 sigma
detection, shows a broad line profile with a width of 15.7 km/s that is similar
to those of broad CO molecular lines. The line width of [C~II] implies that
ionic lines can come from a low-velocity C-shock. Comparison of H2 emission
with shock models shows that a combination of two C-shock models is favored
over a combination of C- and J-shocks or a single shock. We estimate the CO
density, column density, and temperature using a RADEX model. The best-fit
model with n(H2) = 1.7x10^{4} cm^{-3}, N(CO) = 5.6x10^{16} cm^{-2}, and T = 75
K can reproduce the observed millimeter CO brightnesses.Comment: 19 pages, 22 figure
The First Fermi-LAT SNR Catalog SNR and Cosmic Ray Implications
Galactic cosmic ray (CRs) sources, classically proposed to be Supernova
Remnants (SNRs), must meet the energetic particle content required by direct
measurements of high energy CRs. Indirect gamma-ray measurements of SNRs with
the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) have now shown directly that at least
three SNRs accelerate protons. With the first Fermi LAT SNR Catalog, we have
systematically characterized the GeV gamma-rays emitted by 279 SNRs known
primarily from radio surveys. We present these sources in a multiwavelength
context, including studies of correlations between GeV and radio size, flux,
and index, TeV index, and age and environment tracers, in order to better
understand effects of evolution and environment on the GeV emission. We show
that previously sufficient models of SNRs' GeV emission no longer adequately
describe the data. To address the question of CR origins, we also examine the
SNRs' maximal CR contribution assuming the GeV emission arises solely from
proton interactions. Improved breadth and quality of multiwavelength data,
including distances and local densities, and more, higher resolution gamma-ray
data with correspondingly improved Galactic diffuse models will strengthen this
constraint.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures; in Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic
Ray Conference (ICRC 2015), The Hague (The Netherlands
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