Motivation of personnel on machine-building enterprise

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodical aspects of motivation of the personnel of industrial enterprises. Based on the study of existing scientific research, it is specified: the flow of the motivational process, the concept of «competence», the classification of competences in the motivational aspect. In the work, five levels of formation and study of motivation are identified, which systematize the accumulated theoretical and practical experience. A methodical approach is proposed for the formation of groups of motivation factors based on the use of the block-modular method. Methodical support of the mechanism for identifying the key factors of motivation, which allows to identify the factors that have the greatest impact on the employee, has been developed. A methodical approach to the evaluation of motivation factors based on a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the level of motivation is proposed, which makes it possible to carry out an assessment depending on the goals set

Formation of competitive strategies of enterprises for technological equipment repair

On the basis of the evolution of the theory of strategic management under review and the practice of its use, the theoretical and practical significance of the further development of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of enterprise strategies corresponds to the current complexity and variability of the external environment. environment is proven. A classification of competitive strategies of industrial enterprises has been developed, which is adapted to the specifics of the repair services market according to the criterion of the depth of strategic transformations. The approaches of scientists to determining the role of competition in strategic management are analyzed. The importance of market competition in the process of developing a strategy is revealed. The concept of enterprise competitive strategy has been clarified. The necessity of developing a classification of competitive strategies according to the criterion of the depth of strategic transformations is substantiated. The developed classification demonstrates the necessary degree of radicalization of strategic changes. The content of the proposed competitive strategies is disclosed, the conditions for their use are specified. Key words: strategy, competition, competitive strategy, classification of competitive strategies. As a result of the analysis of the considered approaches to the development of strategies of foreign and domestic strategic management theorists, it was revealed that most of them focus on the process of development and implementation of the strategy, and a minority on the content of the strategy. This confirms the relevance and scientific and practical importance of developing a methodological approach to developing strategies that combines a significant aspect of strategies with the process of their development and meets current economic conditions

Вплив життєвих цінностей студентів-медиків на їхнє сприйняття майбутньої професійної діяльності під час пандемії Covid-19

This study aims to investigate life values of medical students in the context of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and their impact on the perception of future professional activities. The study involved questioning 381 students from the 1st-3rd courses of Zhytomyr Medical Institute to test the significance of life values during the first and second waves of COVID-19. The impact of the pandemic on students’ perceptions of life was investigated using several questionnaires. Participants’ general values were measured with a short version of the Portrait Values Questionnaire. Clarity of self-concept was measured with a short scale of Self-Concept Clarity. Sense of meaning in life was measured with the ten-item Meaning of Life Scale and the Future Orientation Questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the study results was performed using IBM SPSS STATISTICS 21.0 software. The software was used to perform reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, Student’s t-tests to compare the indicators between the first and second halves of the pandemic, and correlation for each table of predictors. The study’s results indicate a statistically significant transformation in medical students’ life values. Almost all values increased, except for Self-Transcendence, which remained high during the first and second waves of the pandemic. The students’ views on the meaning of life, their self-esteem, and future professional orientation did not change significantly between the two waves of the pandemic. During both waves of the pandemic, self-transcendence, universalism, conservation, tradition, conformity, self-enhancement, achievement, openness to change, and self-direction were identified as important values for self-concept clarity, sense of life meaning, and future professional orientation. The values of “power” and “hedonism” did not have any impact on these indicators.Метою дослідження є вивчення життєвих цінностей студентів-медиків в умовах обмежень, спричинених пандемією COVID-19, та їхнього впливу на сприйняття майбутньої професійної діяльності. У дослідженні було опитано 381 студента 1-3 курсів Житомирського медичного інституту для перевірки значущості життєвих цінностей під час першої та другої хвиль COVID-19. Вплив пандемії на сприйняття життя студентами досліджувався за допомогою декількох опитувальників. Загальні цінності учасників вимірювали за допомогою короткої версії опитувальника "Портрет цінностей". Ясність Я-концепції вимірювалася за допомогою короткої шкали "Ясність Я-концепції". Відчуття сенсу життя вимірювали за допомогою десятипунктової шкали "Сенс життя" та опитувальника "Орієнтація на майбутнє". Статистичний аналіз результатів дослідження проводився за допомогою програми IBM SPSS STATISTICS 21.0. За допомогою програми проводили аналіз надійності, описову статистику, t-критерій Стьюдента для порівняння показників між першою та другою половинами пандемії, а також кореляцію для кожної таблиці предикторів. Результати дослідження свідчать про статистично значущу трансформацію життєвих цінностей студентів-медиків. Майже всі цінності зросли, окрім "Самотрансценденції", яка залишалася високою протягом першої та другої хвиль пандемії. Погляди студентів на сенс життя, їхня самооцінка та майбутня професійна орієнтація суттєво не змінилися між двома хвилями пандемії. Під час обох хвиль пандемії важливими цінностями для ясності Я-концепції, відчуття сенсу життя та майбутньої професійної орієнтації були визначені самотрансценденція, універсалізм, збереження, традиції, конформність, самовдосконалення, досягнення, відкритість до змін та самоспрямованість. Цінності "влада" та "гедонізм" не мали жодного впливу на ці показники. Translated with DeepL.com (free version

Entropology: an information-theoretic approach to understanding archaeological data

The main objective of this paper is to develop quantitative measures for describing the diversity, homogeneity, and similarity of archaeological data. It presents new approaches to characterize the relationship between archaeological assemblages by utilizing entropy and its related attributes, primarily diversity, and by drawing inspiration from ecology. Our starting premise is that diachronic changes in our data provide a distorted reflection of social processes and that spatial differences in data indicate cultural distancing. To investigate this premise, we adopt a parsimonious approach for comparing assemblage profiles employing and comparing a range of (Hill) diversities, which enable us to exploit different aspects of the data. The modelling is tested on two seemingly large datasets: a Late Bronze Age Cretan dataset with circa 13,700 entries (compiled by PG); and a 4th millennium Western Tripolye dataset with circa 25,000 entries (compiled by AD). The contrast between the strongly geographically and culturally heterogeneous Bronze Age Crete and the strongly homogeneous Western Tripolye culture in the Southern Bug and Dnieper interfluve show the successes and limitations of our approach. Despite the seemingly large size of our datasets, these data highlight limitations that confine their utility to non-semantic analysis. This requires us to consider different ways of treating and aggregating assemblages, either as censuses or samples, contingent upon the degree of representativeness of the data. While our premise, that changes in data reflect societal changes, is supported, it is not definitively confirmed. Consequently, this paper also exemplifies the limitations of large archaeological datasets for such analyses

First results from the JWST Early Release Science Program Q3D: Benchmark Comparison of Optical and Mid-IR Tracers of a Dusty, Ionized Red Quasar Wind at z=0.435

The [OIII] 5007 A emission line is the most common tracer of warm, ionized outflows in active galactic nuclei across cosmic time. JWST newly allows us to use mid-infrared spectral features at both high spatial and spectral resolution to probe these same winds. Here we present a comparison of ground-based, seeing-limited [OIII] and space-based, diffraction-limited [SIV] 10.51 micron maps of the powerful, kpc-scale outflow in the Type 1 red quasar SDSS J110648.32+480712.3. The JWST data are from the Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI). There is a close match in resolution between the datasets (0."4--0."6), in ionization potential of the O+2 and S+3 ions (35 eV), and in line sensitivity (1e-17 to 2e-17 erg/s/cm2/arcsec2). The [OIII] and [SIV] line shapes match in velocity and linewidth over much of the 20 kpc outflowing nebula, and [SIV] is the brightest line in the rest-frame 3.5--19.5 micron range, demonstrating its usefulness as a mid-IR probe of quasar outflows. [OIII] is nevertheless intriniscally brighter and provides better contrast with the point-source continuum, which is strong in the mid-IR. There is a strong anticorrelation of [OIII]/[SIV] with average velocity, which is consistent with a scenario of differential obscuration between the approaching (blueshifted) and receding (redshifted) sides of the flow. The dust in the wind may also obscure the central quasar, consistent with models that attribute red quasar extinction to dusty winds.Comment: Submitted to ApJ

Analysis of technical and tactical training of highly qualified athletes (women) who specialize in sambo wrestling following the results of the 2021 World Cup

Ковальов, І. М. Аналіз техніко-тактичної підготовленості спортсменок високої кваліфікації, які спеціалізуються в боротьбі самбо за підсумками «ЧС-2021» / Ковальов І. М., Ільченко С. С., Замрозевич-Шадріна С. Р. та ін. // Науковий часопис НПУ імені М. П. Драгоманова. Серія 15: Науково-педагогічні проблеми фізичної культури (фізична культура і спорт). - 2022. - Вип. 2(146). - С. 63-69. - DOI: 10.31392/NPU-nc.series15.2022.2(146).14.Проведено аналіз техніко-тактичного арсеналу елітних спортсменок, які спеціалізуються в боротьбі самбо, чемпіонок та призерок «Чемпіонату світу – 2021 року». Запропоновано зосередити увагу провідних тренерів на: підвищенні спеціальної витривалості; розширенню техніко-тактичних комбінацій у стійці; удосконаленню техніки та тактики застосування больових прийомів (на руки та ноги) після утримань різними способами; формування тактильної чутливості та уміння контролювати психофізичний стан самбісток упродовж змагальної сутички, тощо.An analysis of the technical and tactical arsenal of elite athletes specializing in sambo wrestling, champions and medalists of the "World Championship - 2021" was conducted. It is proposed to focus the attention of leading trainers on: increasing special endurance; expansion of technical and tactical combinations in the rack; improving the technique and tactics of applying pain techniques (on arms and legs) after abstinence in various ways; the formation of tactile sensitivity and the ability to control the psychophysical state of sambi athletes during a competitive fight, etc.Проведен анализ технико-тактического арсенала элитных спортсменок, специализирующихся на борьбе самбо, чемпионок и призеров «Чемпионата мира – 2021 года». Предложено сосредоточить внимание ведущих тренеров на повышении специальной выносливости; расширению технико-тактических комбинаций в стойке; усовершенствованию техники и тактики применения болевых приемов (на руки и ноги) после содержания разными способами; формирование тактильной чувствительности и умения контролировать психофизическое состояние самбисток на протяжении соревновательной схватки и т.д

Airborne Signals from a Wounded Leaf Facilitate Viral Spreading and Induce Antibacterial Resistance in Neighboring Plants

Many plants release airborne volatile compounds in response to wounding due to pathogenic assault. These compounds serve as plant defenses and are involved in plant signaling. Here, we study the effects of pectin methylesterase (PME)-generated methanol release from wounded plants (“emitters”) on the defensive reactions of neighboring “receiver” plants. Plant leaf wounding resulted in the synthesis of PME and a spike in methanol released into the air. Gaseous methanol or vapors from wounded PME-transgenic plants induced resistance to the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum in the leaves of non-wounded neighboring “receiver” plants. In experiments with different volatile organic compounds, gaseous methanol was the only airborne factor that could induce antibacterial resistance in neighboring plants. In an effort to understand the mechanisms by which methanol stimulates the antibacterial resistance of “receiver” plants, we constructed forward and reverse suppression subtractive hybridization cDNA libraries from Nicotiana benthamiana plants exposed to methanol. We identified multiple methanol-inducible genes (MIGs), most of which are involved in defense or cell-to-cell trafficking. We then isolated the most affected genes for further analysis: β-1,3-glucanase (BG), a previously unidentified gene (MIG-21), and non-cell-autonomous pathway protein (NCAPP). Experiments with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and a vector encoding two tandem copies of green fluorescent protein as a tracer of cell-to-cell movement showed the increased gating capacity of plasmodesmata in the presence of BG, MIG-21, and NCAPP. The increased gating capacity is accompanied by enhanced TMV reproduction in the “receivers”. Overall, our data indicate that methanol emitted by a wounded plant acts as a signal that enhances antibacterial resistance and facilitates viral spread in neighboring plants

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Thermochromic Effect in Doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ Crystals

Optical-temperature investigations of stationary and photo-induced absorption in undoped and Al (or Ga) doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystals are discussed. In the wave-number range 22000-4000 cm¯¹ under temperatures from 80 to 650 K, peculiarities of thermochromic effect have been revealed and temperature dependences of intensity of bands forming photo- and thermochromic effects have been found. A correlation between these dependences and spectra of thermostimulated current is explained