Lower Back Pain in Staff Nurses

A Study to assess the prevalence of mechanical lower back pain among staff nurse and to determine the effectiveness of planned teaching programme in terms of knowledge regarding back strengthening exercises among staff nurse’ working in ICU of a selected hospital of Delhi was conducted. Quantitative research approach with pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was used in the study. The prevalence of mechanical lower back pain was assessed by a rating scale and a structured questionnaire was used to assess the effectiveness of the planned teaching programme. Data obtained were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. It was found that 46.66% staff nurses were having moderate low back pain and planned teaching programme was effective in increasing knowledge of staff nurses working in ICU

BRCA Gene Mutation and Young Women - Nurses’ Perception

The breast cancer 1 (BRCA1 [Breast Cancer Susceptibility]) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) genes are the genes most commonly affected in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Normally, the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes protect from getting certain cancers. But certain mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes prevent them from working properly; inheriting one of these mutations, increases the susceptibility of breast, ovarian, and other cancers. Genetic counseling and testing for heritable susceptibility to breast cancer caused by mutations in BRCA genes are largely unavailable to young women in India. This process enables patients to make informed decisions about genetic testing and management based on the associated potential benefits, limitations, and risks, as well as their own values, preferences, and goals.

The Internal life of Virtue in Natrinai

Natrinai is the first book in the collection of Ettuthogai. Natrinai is an introspective text. Internal ideas are more prominent in the text. The text also covers the characteristics of social virtues and about husband-wife love. The internal life is filled with love, chastity, cohabitation, marriage, domesticity, wealth. There are some immoral behaviors too that is, the boy refuses to see his love after love making, refuses to marry the girl, seeking for a prostitute without maintaining a household, all these are acts against morality.  Virtue in internal life is the boy must marry the girl after love making, he should love his wife and maintain the family. Internal virtue is a restrictive system. Virtue is the only reason for internal discipline. The friend of a girl insists the boy to marry the girl and she tells since I have been a supporter of both of you, I am now a friend of both of you, so the virtue of a friend is manifested here as emphasizing family life by marrying her friend. In this society where many people live together, each has its own virtue. External life has its own virtues. Likewise, internal life is subjected to the concept of virtue.  In this article, we can know the virtues for life in Natrinai

Feature Extraction of Chest X-ray Images and Analysis using PCA and kPCA

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium which can be diagnosed by its various symptoms like fever, cough, etc. Tuberculosis can also be analyzed by understanding the chest x-ray of the patient which is revealed by an expert physician .The chest x-ray image contains many features which cannot be directly used by any computer system for analyzing the disease. Features of chest x-ray images must be understood and extracted, so that it can be processed to a form to be fed to any computer system for disease analysis. This paper presents feature extraction of chest x-ray image which can be used as an input for any data mining algorithm for TB disease analysis. So texture and shape based features are extracted from x-ray image using image processing concepts. The features extracted are analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and kernel principal component analysis (kPCA) techniques. Filter and wrapper feature selection method using linear regression model were applied on these techniques. The performance of PCA and kPCA are analyzed and found that the accuracy of PCA using wrapper approach is 96.07%   when compared to the accuracy of kPCA which is 62.50%. PCA performs well than kPCA with a good accuracy

Role of various causes of death in diverging life expectancy in Kerala, India

Background: Life expectancy at birth is an indicator of mortality conditions and health conditions. Mortality happens due to many causes. The multiple-decrement life table is used widely in human actuarial literature and provides statistical expressions for mortality in which the cause elimination is used. Cause elimination life tables address the hypothetical question of what a cohort’s mortality experience would be if a particular cause of death were eliminated. The goal of this study is to estimate the potential gain in life expectancy after complete elimination of certain causes of death in Kerala, India for the year 2018. Methods: The data for the study was taken from annual vital statistic report, Kerala, 2018. Life table method was used for estimating the potential gain in life expectancy after eliminating certain causes of deaths. Results: The elimination of deaths due to heart diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, accidents and suicides resulted a gain of 7.18 years, 6.90 years, 8.04 years, 6.72 years and 7.09 years respectively. The results show that in 2018, for Kerala, the highest gain in life expectancy was due to elimination of respiratory diseases, followed by other causes of death. The present study shows that heart diseases and respiratory diseases are the causes which are more affected among Keralites. Conclusions: Effective intervention needs to be implemented in Kerala so as to reduce the risk of the diseases, which would result in the increase of life expectancy at birth

Practical Implementation of Smart Building with Security Protocol Using IOT Technology

The term "Internet of Things" or "IoT" describes a hot and virgin place that is gaining importance every day as innovation increases in innovation. With the help of microcontrollers such as ARM and microcomputers such as LPC2148, low-cost tools can be used to measure detection information and send it over the Internet. Similarly, the DALI is an entirely new component of interaction between electrical devices, as well as a web server or computer system that will certainly cause a reliable perception of a smart grid. This paper discusses the interaction of the light crew DALI network with ARM7 (intermediary) via Message Queuing (MQTT) while maintaining the IoT principle behind the scenes. This technology has proven to improve energy use by optimizing the organization of LEDs on the different floors of the CDAC smart case

Prevalence and Correlates of Functional Limitation Among Elderly in Kerala

Performance of IADL could be closely related to biological variables such as age and sex. Since women outnumbered men among the sample population, it is hopeful to conclude that elderly women can be relished with functional independence, but in the advancement of their age, they have to suffer a lot. The results of the study showed that the extended life year is accompanied by increased demands on health care delivery systems as more part of life may be spent with some functional limitation. The prevalence of physical disability in elderly persons with functional limitation is, therefore, important for policy development in the care of the elderly. The most effective way to reduce the proportion of the population with disabilities is to delay the onset of disabilities. Living independently in familiar surroundings surely promotes a better aging and the development of living environments together with functional ability exert a profound influence on active aging. In Kerala situation, geriatric care should be focused on the necessities of elderly women since they have to live more years with functional limitation and disability than males. The number of people surviving into old age is increasing. The growth of the elderly population is expected to escalate in the coming years with respect to the general population. Longevity of people may result in poor health status, disability and loss of functional health. Information on disability is very important in responding to the care of the elderly

Effect of Ayurvedic Treatment Modalities on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Recurrent pregnancy Loss is defined as the sequence of 2 or more spontaneous abortions as documented by either sonography or on histopathology before 20 weeks. It is a relatively common event, occurring in 15%-25% of pregnancies, and increasing in prevalence with maternal age. The causes of recurrent abortion are complex & obscure. More than one factor may operate in a case. Identification and treatment of problems significantly increases the successful outcome in most cases. Recurrent pregnancy loss can be correlated with Puthraghni Yonivyapath and Garbhasravivandhya explained in Ayurvedic classics. Puthraghni is a clinical entity characterised by repeated pregnancy loss due to excessive intake of Rooksha Ahara and Vihara which results in repeated pregnancy losses. Ayurveda advises to do Shodhana Karma or purificatory therapies ending with Uttara Vasthi in recurrent losses. The study design was Prospective single arm interventional study conducted in the OPD and IPD of Govt. Ayurveda college hospital for Women and Children, Poojapura, Thiruvananthapuram with the study population of females of age group 20-38, diagnosed with RPL. IP management was done for 1 month followed by internal administration of Phala Sarpis as Vicharana Snehapana 10ml twice daily morning and evening ½ hour before food and Vilwadi Gulika 1 tab twice daily after food was also given for 2 months. After 15 months after the follow up period, Statistical analysis was done and Percentage of live births was assessed. Even though percentage of live births is 42.3, the success rate can be considered as 46.15% as the 1 patient to be delivered has completed 34 weeks of gestation and successfully continuing the pregnancy

Relapse Pulmonary TB: Potential Risk Factor and QoL

An exploratory study was conducted to assess the potential risk factors and the quality of life of patients with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis in a selected hospital and their DOTS centers of New Delhi. The main objectives of the study were: (i) to identify the potential risk factors of patient with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis in a selected hospital and DOTS centers of New Delhi, (ii) to assess quality of life of patients with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis in a selected hospital and DOTS centers of New Delhi and (iii) to establish relationship between selected potential risk factors of patients with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis such as diabetes mellitus (DM), AIDS, substance use, and socioeconomic status with their risk status. The conceptual framework for the present study is based on Dröes adaptation-coping model. A quantitative approach with exploratory-descriptive research design was adopted for the study. A structured interview schedule was prepared to assess potential risk factors and quality of life of patients with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis. The reliability of the tool established by using Cronbach-Alpha formula for potential risk factors was found to be 0.77 and quality of life of relapse pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be 0.84. Standardized Socioeconomic Scale, Aggarwal et al. 2005, was adopted to assess socioeconomic status of subjects. The study was conducted at Chest Clinic Tuberculosis Hospital, Nehru Nagar and DOTS centers under this hospital, New Delhi, from 7th October, 2014 to 15th October, 2014. Purposive sampling technique was employed to interview 100 subjects. Data gathered was analyzed and interpreted according to the objectives, using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study showed that majority of the subjects (60%) belonged to the age group of 15–34 years and 60% subjects were males. 71% subjects had moderate risk factor and the greatest potential risks experienced by subjects were in substance use. 67% subjects led average quality of life. There was a significant relationship between socioeconomic status and risk status of patients with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis. The study concluded that substance users have greatest potential risk and socioeconomic status has a considerable impact on relapse pulmonary tuberculosis. Even during relapse pulmonary tuberculosis, subjects experienced average quality of life. Today, there is an increasing need for quality and holistic care in patients with relapse pulmonary tuberculosis; hence they should be sensitized about controlling potential risk factors and improving their quality of life

Pattern of adverse reactions of antipsychotics in a tertiary care hospital

Background: This study was undertaken to analyse the pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADR) of antipsychotics among patients attending the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care centre.Methods: Patients attending the psychiatry outpatient department who have been on treatment with one or more antipsychotics for more than 6 weeks were included in the study. Details about the prescription given in the previous appointment were collected. Various adverse effects associated with the use of antipsychotics were noted and analysed with special importance to obesity, elevated waist circumference and prolongation of QTc interval in ECG.Results: The analysis of various adverse drug reactions in the study showed that the most common CNS side effects were drowsiness and tremor. The prevalence of severe EPS like parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia and perioral tremors was very low. The prevalence of obesity and overweight was 47% and 14% respectively. The mean BMI of the study population was 24.44. Among the commonly prescribed antipsychotics, prevalence of obesity and overweight was highest in those patients on clozapine. The prevalence of QTc prolongation is 22% in this study.Conclusions: The increasing use of atypical antipsychotics is associated with a different pattern of adverse drug reactions when compared to the typical drugs. Even though the prevalence of EPS is low, there is increased prevalence of metabolic side effects like obesity and diabetes mellitus