New university experiences: intergenerational archaeological excavations as a participatory learning method

[EN] The present paper outlines a new training process carried out during the summer of 2017 by the research team at the site of the Roman villa of Noheda. The project is based on the practical implementation of an archaeological excavation experience and the study of related materials by an intergenerational team. The activity was carried out by students of various Spanish and foreign universities together with senior citizens who had previously been thoroughly trained in archaeological methodology. Not all of the senior citizens had university degrees, but they did have extensive life experience allowing them to bring a high degree of commitment to the project. All the students were able to implement the archaeological knowledge acquired in the preceding months through theoretical lessons covering a wide range of subjects. They worked through participative procedures in intergenerational teams, thereby fostering the exchange of knowledge and new learning methods. The results were very positive, from both an academic and a scientific perspective, as well as in terms of the participants’ personal gratification.This research was funded under Research Project No. HAR 2017-85557-P, “Use of IOT technologies for the implementation of European preventive conservation standards: Use in small and medium-sized collections of Spanish cultural heritage” of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/HEAD/HEAD18Valero Tévar, MÁ.; Huete Alcocer, N. (2018). New university experiences: intergenerational archaeological excavations as a participatory learning method. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1099-1106. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD18.2018.8153OCS1099110

Gestionando el pasado, generando futuro. De cómo la villa romana de Noheda se ha convertido en un recurso en la mal llamada “España vaciada"

[ES] El compromiso del equipo científico que dirige la villa romana de Noheda es, además de la investigación arqueológica propiamente dicha, generar sinergias entre la ciudadanía y el yacimiento, y que éste se convirtiese en uno de los motores económicos de una comarca especialmente empobrecida.Para ello, por un lado, se ha venido desarrollando una línea de trabajo en cultura científica divulgativa orientada fundamentalmente al ámbito rural, que busca no solo la interacción con la comunidad local y comarcal, sino también su participación activa en el desarrollo de los trabajos mediante diversas actividades. Y por otro lado se ha buscado la creación de un producto turístico sostenible y de calidad en el yacimiento, mediante la promoción de este recurso con las herramientas proporcionadas por los medios de comunicación tradicionales (la televisión, periódicos, comentarios entre familiares y amigos, etc.). El objetivo final era de creación de puestos de trabajo vinculados al enclave.Los resultados obtenidos han demostrado a la sociedad cómo los recursos arqueológicos pueden contribuir a lograr el desarrollo económico de una comarca rural, actualmente despoblada.Valero Tévar, MÁ. (2023). Gestionando el pasado, generando futuro. De cómo la villa romana de Noheda se ha convertido en un recurso en la mal llamada “España vaciada". Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 161-170. https://doi.org/10.4995/Icomos2022.2022.1498816117

Palynological analysis of the Villa of Noheda (Cuenca): evolution of the vegetation landscape and anthropic interaction on the Southern Sub-plateau of Spain since roman times

En este trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados obtenidos a partir del estudio polínico realizado en los estratos de la villa romana de Noheda (Cuenca). La arqueopalinología permite analizar la reconstrucción y evolución del paisaje vegetal en el yacimiento, así como recomponer las bases económicas del complejo rural en cada una de las distintas fases de ocupación, y tras su abandono. La presente aportación viene a contribuir al conocimiento de la dinámica vegetal y antrópica en un área –el interior de la Península Ibérica– y en unas cronologías, en las que resultan escasos los estudios de paleoambientales.This paper presents the initial findings of a palynological study of the strata of the Roman villa of Noheda (Cuenca). Archaeopalynology is used to analyse the reconstruction and evolution of the vegetation landscape at the site and to reconstruct the economic foundations of the rural complex during each phase of its occupation, as well as following its abandonment. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge on the vegetation and anthropic dynamics in an area –the central Iberian Peninsula– and time period for which there are few paleoenvironmental studies

The iconography of the myth of Pelope and Hippodamia in roman musivaria. New contributions from mosaic of Noheda

Si bien el mito de Pélope e Hipodamía tuvo gran aceptación en la Antigüedad, hasta la fecha no contaba con muchas representaciones. Además de la escena que ornamentó el frontón oriental del Templo de Zeus en Olimpia, los ejemplos de esta iconografía se limitaban a varios elementos del arte vascular y algunos sarcófagos. El mosaico apenas habría reflejado este mito, siendo el ejemplo más significativo el conservado en el Museo de Damasco. El descubrimiento en Noheda del único ejemplar conocido hasta el momento con el desarrollo secuencial íntegro de todos los episodios del mito, ha permitido documentar la iconografía de cada episodio y de los diferentes personajes que lo protagonizan, facilitando la reinterpretación de otros mosaicos ya conocidos y la identificación de un posible nuevo ejemplar.Until recently, it was considered that although the myth of Pelope, Oenomaus and Hippodamia was widely accepted in antiquity it did not have many representations. Apart from the scene adorning the pediment of the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, the examples of this iconography were limited to several vascular elements of art and some sarcophagi. However, there were few scenes allusive to this mythical episode in the mosaics being the most significant the mosaic conserved in the Museum of Damascus. However, the discovery of the only specimen in Noheda known so far, thanks to the full development of all episodes of this myth, has documented the iconography of each episode and the different characters who are involved, facilitating the reinterpretation of other known mosaics and the identification of a possible new copy

Villa de Noheda (Cuenca, Spain): a multi-analytical approach for mortar characterization

Villa de Noheda (Cuenca, Spain): a multi-analytical approach for mortar characterization Cristina Galacho(1), Patrícia Moita(2), Miguel Tévar(3), António Candeias(1) José Mirão(2) (1) Laboratory Hercules, Dpt. of Chemistry, Univ. of Évora, Portugal ([email protected]) (2) Laboratory Hercules, Dpt. of Geosciences, Univ. of Évora, Portugal . (3) Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Spain The Roman architectural ensemble of Noheda, known by the fantastic dimensions of the tile panels have been classified as Cultural Heritage in 2012 and open to the public since 2015. Located at 500m of the homonymous village in Spain, corresponds to a roman Villa, dated from 4th to 5th century, which evidences an agricultural use trough a constructive complex with several functions. Until now there are two exhumed areas of the rural complex: some structures belonging to the pars rustica and on the other hand, a sector of the pars urbana, composed of some balneary outbuildings and various rooms of the residential building. It is in this last one that stands out the so-called Triabsid Room, not only for its imposing dimensions of 290.64m2, and its extraordinary pavements, but also for its complex architectural articulation and its careful walls decoration composed by marble plaques and mural painting. Under the framework of a bilateral Iberian project, several mortar samples were analysed for their compositional and textural characterization. The studied mortars cover a wide spectrum of architecture contexts (triclinium and its access areas, octagonal room and baths), inside and outside walls, and also later added walls. The data acquisition techniques consisted of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and thin-section optical microscopy. The mortars are mainly composed by quartz aggregates, with semi-angular to semi-rounded grains, and very small amounts of K-feldspars. A generalized feature is the presence of numerous lime nodules, sometimes of centimeter-size, with calcitic composition. Lithic, ceramic and coal were occasionally observed. According to XRD analyses, the raw materials are very similar between samples suggesting a similar provenance, probably a river sand. The binder is an aerial calcite lime that was used mainly with a binder:aggregate ratio of 1:2 as determined by TG-DTA. The mortar from the baths have a smaller amount of binder (1:4) as well as an external wall (1:3) interpreted as a late enlargement after abandonment of the Villa. The results obtained point out to a considerable similarity not only at the level of the raw materials but also in the production technique used in the different areas of the residential building of the pars urbana, which would not have been altered in subsequent interventions. Differences were found only for the different functionalities; whether in the baths or when dealing with external walls

THE APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION ABOUT THE ROMAN VILLA OF NOHEDA ITS TOURIST DIGITAL PROJECTION

[EN] The Roman villa of Noheda has become one of the crucial site to understand the messages that the high Roman aristocracy intended to convey by the building infrastructure in these large rural complex of Late Antiquity. Therefore, for the application of a correct archaeological methodology we should add the use of the most modern techniques of research and analysis that were within our grasp, in order to document in the best possible detail, the archaeological remains. Understanding that only through a close reading we can get to properly decrypt the data housed in the cluster of structures and artifacts hosted in the stratigraphic sequence. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present concisely, how technological advances have been used such as ground penetrating radar, 3D scanning, laser scanner, photogrammetry, etc. and the best results which have been obtained. In the same way, we will explain that these results are just a first step, because today the project of musealisation of the site has begun in order to be ready for its opening to the public and, within the innovations that bring the new technologies will be taken into account and they will be used in situ with mobile telephony, such as 3D modeling of parts and its Georeferencing, the increased virtual reality, etc. Nonetheless we must not forget other advances which help understand, spread and bring archeology closer to society[ES] La villa romana de Noheda se ha convertido en uno de los yacimientos cruciales para entender los mensajes que la alta aristocracia romana pretendía transmitir mediante la edilicia en estos grandes complejos rurales de la Antigüedad Tardía. Por ello, a la aplicación de una correcta metodología arqueológica debía sumarse el uso de las más modernas técnicas de investigación y análisis que estaban a nuestro alcance, con el fin de poder documentar con el mayor detalle posible los restos arqueológicos. Entendiendo que solo mediante una lectura minuciosa se puede llegar a descifrar adecuadamente los datos albergados en el cúmulo de estructuras y artefactos insertos en la secuencia estratigráfica. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es exponer de manera concisa, cómo se han utilizado avances tecnológicos como el georradar, escaneado 3D, láser escáner, fotogrametría, etc. y los óptimos resultados que se han obtenido. Del mismo modo, se explicará que estos resultados no son sino un primer paso, pues a día de hoy se ha comenzado con el proyecto de musealización del yacimiento de cara a su apertura al público y en él se tendrán muy presentes las novedades que aportan las nuevas tecnologías que puedan ser usadas in situ con la telefonía móvil, como el modelado 3D de piezas y su georreferenciación, la realidad virtual aumentada, etc. Pero sin olvidar otros avances que ayuden a comprender, difundir y socializar la arqueología.Valero Tévar, MÁ.; Huete Alcocer, N. (2016). LA APLICACIÓN DE NUEVAS TECNOLOGÍAS EN LA DOCUMENTACIÓN ARQUEOLÓGICA DE LA VILLA ROMANA DE NOHEDA Y SU PROYECCIÓN TURÍSTICA DIGITAL. En 8th International congress on archaeology, computer graphics, cultural heritage and innovation. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 220-230. https://doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2015.3998OCS22023

Inscripción funeraria de Noheda, Cuenca (Ercavica, Conventus Caesaraugustanus, Hispania Citerior)

La villa romana de Noheda, junto a la localidad de este nombre, está situada a unos 17 km al norte de la ciudad de Cuenca, en el centro de la Península Ibérica, en la parte meridional del territorium de la ciudad romana de Ercavica, de la que dista unos 45 km. La zona fue habitada desde la protohistoria y en época romana se construyó el gran complejo de la villa, en la que se han documentado diversas fases superpuestas

Tres inscripciones romanas de la provincia de Cuenca

La provincia de Cuenca reúne en estos momentos algo más de 1200 inscripciones romanas, de las que la mayor parte procede de Segobriga y, en menor medida, de Valeria. Eso puede dar idea del elevado hábito epigráfico de la región y explica la sucesión de hallazgos ocasionales de nuevos testimonios como los que presentamos.Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación Sociedad romana y hábito epigráfico en la Hispania citerior, HAR2015-65168-P (MINECO/FEDER), subvencionado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad del Gobierno de España