Taguchi's Methodology for Determining Optimum Operating Conditions in Hydrothermal Pretreatments Applied to Canola Seeds

The aim of the present work was to determine the operational optimum conditions in hydrothermal pretreatments applied to canola seeds. The effect of these pretreatments on the canola oil extraction yield and quality was evaluated. Sample was characterized by proximal analysis. As determinations of oil quality, acidity and peroxide value, tocopherol content and acidic composition were studied. Seeds were exposed to direct vapor in an autoclave. Pretreatments were carried out using different condition of temperature (100, 120 and 130°C), exposition time (5, 15 y 30 min) and seed granulometry (milled seeds, with a particle size in a range from 0.420 mm to 1.000 mm; broken seeds, with a particle size ranging from 1.000 mm to 1.410 mm and entire seeds). After each hydrothermal pretreatment, oil extraction yield was obtained with the Soxhlet method (hexane). The Taguchi methodology was followed in order to explore the operational optimum conditions selecting the most favorable levels of each variable, using an L9 experimental design. Initial oil content was 44.2 % dry basis (db). The best values of oil yield and quality were obtained when a temperature of 120°C, a time of 5 min and broken seeds were used. The optimum experiment generated an oil yield increment of 25% respect to the not hydrothermally-treated seed, meanwhile quality parameters remained within the commercialization values accepted.Fil: Fernández, María Belén. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingenieria Olavarria. Grupo Tecnologias de Semillas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Burnet, Margarita A.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingenieria Olavarria. Grupo Tecnologias de Semillas; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Ethel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Crapiste, Guillermo Hector. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (i); ArgentinaFil: Nolasco, Susana Maria. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingenieria Olavarria. Grupo Tecnologias de Semillas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Oil extraction kinetics of hydrothermally pretreated canola seeds

In this work the kinetics of oil extraction from spring canola seeds subjected to a hydrothermal pretreatment with direct steam (393 K, 5 min) was studied. The differences between the seed internal structure generated by the application of this pretreatment and that of the untreated sample (ground sample) were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Oil from both samples was extracted with hexane at different times and temperatures using a stirred batch system. Oil yield increased up to 46 % due to the hydrothermal treatment. A model was proposed to explain the oil extraction process from hydrothermally pretreated and untreated canola seeds, taking into account two main mechanisms: a washing process of the surface oil from the seed, and a diffusion process. Parameters of the model were fitted, and values of the oil fraction extracted during the washing step (0.27 and 0.50 for untreated and hydrothermally treated canola seeds, respectively) and the effective diffusion coefficient (3.1–9.4.10- 12 m2 s 1 ) were obtained. The latter value showed an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence in the untreated sample, but the diffusion coefficient did not vary with temperature when oil diffusion was analyzed using hydrothermally pretreated seeds.Fil: Zárate, Valeria. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingenieria Olavarria. Grupo Tecnologias de Semillas; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Ethel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Crapiste, Guillermo Hector. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Nolasco, Susana M.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingenieria Olavarria. Grupo Tecnologias de Semillas; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, María Belén. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingenieria Olavarria. Grupo Tecnologias de Semillas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin