300 research outputs found
The roots of "Western European societal evolution". A concept of Europe by JenĆ SzƱcs
JenĆ SzƱcs wrote his essay entitled Sketch on the three regions of Europe in the early 1980s in Hungary. During these years, a historically well-argued opinion emphasising a substantial difference between Central European and Eastern European societies was warmly received in various circles of the political opposition. In a wider European perspective SzƱcs used the old âliberty toposâ which claims that the history of Europe is no other than the fulfillment of liberty. In his Sketch, SzƱcs does not only concentrate on questions concerning the Middle Ages in Western Europe. Yet it is this stream of thought which brought a new perspective to explaining European history. His picture of the Middle Ages represents well that there is a way to integrate all typical Western motifs of post-war self-definition into a single theory. Mainly, the âliberty motifâ, as a sign of âEuropeanismâ â in the interpretation of BibĂłâs concept, Anglo-saxon Marxists and Weberâs social theory â, developed from medieval concepts of state and society and from an analysis of economic and social structures. SzƱcsâs historical aspect was a typical intellectual product of the 1980s: this was the time when a few Central European historians started to outline non-Marxist aspects of social theory and categories of modernisation theories, but concealing them with Marxist terminology
The Herschel/PACS view of disks around low-mass stars in Chamaleon-I
Circumstellar disks are expected to be the birthplaces of planets. The
potential for forming one or more planets of various masses is essentially
driven by the initial mass of the disks. We present and analyze Herschel/PACS
observations of disk-bearing M-type stars that belong to the young ~2 Myr old
Chamaleon-I star forming region. We used the radiative transfer code RADMC to
successfully model the SED of 17 M-type stars detected at PACS wavelengths. We
first discuss the relatively low detection rates of M5 and later spectral type
stars with respect to the PACS sensitivity, and argue their disks masses, or
flaring indices, are likely to be low. For M0 to M3 stars, we find a relatively
broad range of disk masses, scale heights, and flaring indices. Via a
parametrization of dust stratification, we can reproduce the peak fluxes of the
10 m emission feature observed with Spitzer/IRS, and find that disks
around M-type stars may display signs of dust sedimentation. The Herschel/PACS
observations of low-mass stars in Cha-I provide new constraints on their disk
properties, overall suggesting that disk parameters for early M-type stars are
comparable to those for more massive stars (e.g., comparable scale height and
flaring angles). However, regions of the disks emitting at about 100 m may
still be in the optically thick regime, preventing direct determination of disk
masses. Thus the modeled disk masses should be considered as lower limits.
Still, we are able to extend the wavelength coverage of SED models and start
characterizing effects such as dust sedimentation, an effort leading the way
towards ALMA observations of these low-mass stars
A study of different wavelength spectral components of the gravity field derived from various terrestrial data sets
Phase transition in nanomagnetite
Recently, the application of nanosized magnetite particles became an area of growing interest for
their potential practical applications. Nanosized magnetite samples of 36 and 9 nm sizes were
synthesized. Special care was taken on the right stoichiometry of the magnetite particles. Mössbauer
spectroscopy measurements were made in 4.2â300 K temperature range. The temperature
dependence of the intensities of the spectral components indicated size dependent transition taking
place in a broad temperature range. For nanosized samples, the hyperfine interaction values and their
relative intensities changed above the Verwey transition temperature value of bulk megnetite. The
continuous transition indicated the formation of dendritelike granular assemblies formed during the
preparation of the samples
HĂșshasznĂș tenyĂ©szbikĂĄk rangsora ivadĂ©kaik teljesĂtmĂ©nye alapjĂĄn becsĂŒlt tenyĂ©szĂ©rtĂ©kek alapjĂĄn
The objective of this study was to rank Limousin sires by their different breeding values based on the weaning weight of their progeny. 205-day weaning weight record of altogether 18746 purebred and crossbred calves sired by breeding bulls of the mentioned breed were used for the estimation. Calves were belonging to three different groups by their genotype. Three different BLUP animal models were used for the estimation. According the results the direct heritability (h2 d ) estimates of 205-day weight ranged between 0.49 and 0.59, while that of the maternal heritability (h2 m) between 0.24 and 0.45. The estimated breeding value of the given sires differed by the genotype (purebred or crossbred) of their progeny calves and the method of estimation. Also, there were differences in the rank of the sires depending on the genotype of their progeny, as well as the estimation methodsA munka cĂ©lja limousin apĂĄk rangsorĂĄnak a meghatĂĄrozĂĄsa volt ivadĂ©kaik vĂĄlasztĂĄsi sĂșlyadataibĂłl becsĂŒlt tenyĂ©szĂ©rtĂ©kek alapjĂĄn. A szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokhoz 18746 fajtatiszta Ă©s keresztezett borjĂș 205 napra korrigĂĄlt vĂĄlasztĂĄsi sĂșlyadatĂĄt hasznĂĄltĂĄk fel. A borjakat genotĂpusuk alapjĂĄn hĂĄrom csoportra osztottĂĄk. A szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokat hĂĄrom kĂŒlönbözĆ BLUP egyedmodellel vĂ©geztĂ©k. Az eredmĂ©nyek alapjĂĄn a 205 napra korrigĂĄlt vĂĄlasztĂĄsi sĂșly direkt öröklĆdhetĆsĂ©ge (h2 d) 0,49 - 0,59 között vĂĄltozott. Az anyai öröklĆdhetĆsĂ©g (h2 m) 0,24 - 0,45 közötti volt. Az apĂĄk tenyĂ©szĂ©rtĂ©ke között szĂĄmottevĆ
kĂŒlönbsĂ©get talĂĄltak annak a fĂŒggvĂ©nyĂ©ben, hogy azt milyen adatbĂĄzison, melyik mĂłdszerrel becsĂŒltĂ©k. Az eredmĂ©nyek alapjĂĄn megĂĄllapĂthatĂł, hogy az apĂĄk tenyĂ©szĂ©rtĂ©keik alapjĂĄn felĂĄllĂtott rangsora eltĂ©rt egymĂĄstĂłl
An ALMA Survey of faint disks in the Chamaeleon I star-forming region: Why are some Class II disks so faint?
ALMA surveys of nearby star-forming regions have shown that the dust mass in
the disk is correlated with the stellar mass, but with a large scatter. This
scatter could indicate either different evolutionary paths of disks or
different initial conditions within a single cluster. We present ALMA Cycle 3
follow-up observations for 14 Class II disks that were low S/N detections or
non-detections in our Cycle 2 survey of the Myr-old Chamaeleon I
star-forming region. With 5 times better sensitivity, we detect millimeter dust
continuum emission from six more sources and increase the detection rate to
94\% (51/54) for Chamaeleon I disks around stars earlier than M3. The
stellar-disk mass scaling relation reported in \citet{pascucci2016} is
confirmed with these updated measurements. Faint outliers in the
-- plane include three non-detections (CHXR71, CHXR30A, and T54)
with dust mass upper limits of 0.2 M and three very faint disks
(CHXR20, ISO91, and T51) with dust masses M. By
investigating the SED morphology, accretion property and stellar multiplicity,
we suggest for the three millimeter non-detections that tidal interaction by a
close companion (100 AU) and internal photoevaporation may play a role in
hastening the overall disk evolution. The presence of a disk around only the
secondary star in a binary system may explain the observed stellar SEDs and low
disk masses for some systems.Comment: ApJ accepte
Heat Resistance of Human Pathogens in Sous-Vide Products Studied in Model Nutrition Media
Sous-vide (French for Êœunder vacuumâ) is a professional cooking method, by which, under oxygen-free conditions and precise temperature control, not only cooking but preservation is achieved. During the process the food matrix is vacuum-packed and undergoes a mild heat treatment, thus achieving an enhanced nutrition value and a better organoleptic character. Due to the mild heat treatment (55 to 90 °C), the high water activity, and the slight acidity of raw materials, the microbial quality assurance is a great challenge even for professionals. The heat treatment does not assure the inactivation of pathogen spores. In our experiments we used Clostridium perfringens representing the spore-forming pathogens, and Salmonella Enteritidis as a the food-borne infection bacterium. Effects of various temperatures were measured in normal and sous-vide type vacuum packaging. Higher thermal death rate in vacuum packaging was demonstrated for Salmonella Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens
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Predictors of mathematics in primary school: Magnitude comparison, verbal and spatial working memory measures.
We determined the relative importance of the so-called approximate number system (ANS), symbolic number comparison (SNC) and verbal and spatial short-term and working memory (WM) capacity for mathematics achievement in 1,254 Grade 2, 4 and 6 children. The large sample size assured high power and low false report probability and allowed us to determine effect sizes precisely. We used reading decoding as a control outcome measure to test whether findings were specific to mathematics. Bayesian analysis allowed us to provide support for both null and alternative hypotheses. We found very weak zero-order correlations between ANS measures and math achievement. These correlations were not specific to mathematics, became non-significant once intelligence was considered and ANS measures were not selected as predictors of math by regression models. In contrast, overall SNC accuracy and spatial WM measures were reliable and mostly specific predictors of math achievement. Verbal short-term and WM and SNC reaction time were predictors of both reading and math achievement. We conclude that ANS tasks are not suitable as measures of math development in school-age populations. In contrast, all other cognitive functions we studied are promising markers of mathematics development
Cell surface domain specific postsynaptic currents evoked by identified GABAergic neurones in rat hippocampus in vitro
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