Normer för en kvinnlig kommunist : om Arbetsbiens kärlek i debatten om kvinnan i den svenska kommunistiska rörelsen under mellankrigstiden.

Mycket forskning har förts kring Alexandra Kollontajs politiska liv, men mindre kring de skönlitterära verk hon har gjort. I denna uppsats åskådliggör jag Arbetsbiens kärleks förhållande till den samtida svenska kommuniströrelsen, men visar även hur en sådan analys kan bidra till en mer nyanserad läsning av hennes normering för sexualiteten, den kvinnliga kroppen och det kvinnliga arbetet

Migrant Agricultural Workers and Their Socio-­‐economic, Occupational and Health Conditions– A Literature Review

Objective This study provides the summary of current knowledge about migrant work in agriculture available from journal articles, books, reports and other relevant academic publications, focusing on political, economic, legal, social and medical aspects of migrant work in agriculture. Methods A systematic search was carried out on the LibHub and Google Scholar databases in order to compile the existing peer-reviewed publications, research reports, and policy papers concerning migrant work in agriculture. The literatures was selected through the following process: (1) reading the title and abstract in English for the period 1960 – 2011; (2) reading the entire text of selected articles; (3) making a manual search of the relevant quotations in the selected articles; (4) eliminating articles without a focus on migrant populations and the themes of central interest, and then reading and analyzing the definitive set of articles. Results In spite of their varying geographical focus, scope, unit of analysis and settings, most of the studies reviewed highlighted that migrant farmworkers work under very poor working conditions and face numerous health and safety hazards, including occupational chemical and ergonomic exposures, various injuries and illnesses and even death, discrimination and social exclusion, poor pay and long working hours, and language and cultural barriers. Many studies also reported poor enforcement of labour regulations and a lack of health and safety training on the farms, difficulty accessing medical care and compensation when injured or ill. Conclusions The studies have also pointed out the lack of research in relation to labour, health, psychosocial, and wage conditions of migrant farmworkers. The accumulated results of the study indicate that the issues and problems migrant farmworkers face are multidimensional, and there is a need for both policy development and further research in order to address migrant workers’ problems

Den moderna verksamhetschefen

Verksamhetschefsreformen har inneburit en förändring inom svensk sjukvård. Uppgifter som tidigare låg högre upp i organisationen har nu flyttats ner och lagts på verksamhetschefen. Med utgångspunkt i Universitetssjukhuset i Lund beskrivs dels mer utförligt de strikt formella förväntningar, mål och regler som finns kring utformningen av verksamhetschefspositionen, dels de mer informella förväntningar och mål som finns på olika nivåer i hierarkin. En slutsats är att sjukhusledningens idéer i vissa avseenden står i kontrast till de normer och idéer som fortfarande lever kvar på lägre nivåer i organisationen. Två organisationsteoretiska perspektiv har använts för att tolka det förändringsarbete som reformen har inneburit. Som resultat av denna tolkning har slutsatsen att båda perspektiven inte för sig är kapabla att ge en fullständig bild av reformen nåtts, men att de tillsammans förmår ge en mer komplett beskrivning

Nya arbetsmiljöplanen inte långsiktigt hållbar

Globalisering, ny teknologi och demografiska förändringar innebär genomgripande förändringar av arbetsmiljö och arbetsorganisation. Om arbetsmiljöpolitiken då inte är tydlig och viljeinriktad finns en påtaglig risk för ett polariserat arbetsliv, där de som kan välja mellan olika arbetsgivare får en god och utvecklande arbetsmiljö, medan de andra riskerar att bli hänvisade till förhållanden där inte ens arbetsmiljölagens minimikrav efterlevs. Det snedvrider konkurrensen, och ger negativa spiraler vad gäller arbetsmiljö, arbetsrelaterad ohälsa och gap i hälsa mellan olika grupper i samhället

Exploring the potential of ancestral phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyases for therapeutic applications

Phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyases (PAL/TAL) have been approved by the FDA for treatment of phenylketonuria and may also harbor potential for complimentary treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type II. Herein, we explore ancestral sequence reconstruction as an enzyme engineering tool to increase stability and alter substrate specificity, which could enhance the therapeutic potential of these enzymes. We used MEGA and PAML to reconstruct putative ancestors of PAL/TAL from fungi and compared them to two modern enzymes that have a relatively low PAL/TAL activity ratio. The majority of ancestors could be functionally expressed in E. coli and showed activity towards both phenylalanine and tyrosine. All ancestral enzymes displayed increased thermostability compared to both modern enzymes, however, the increase in thermostability was accompanied by a loss in activity when going back in the phylogenetic tree. One reconstructed ancestral enzyme could be interesting for further development, as its catalytic turnover of tyrosine is slightly higher than one of the modern enzymes and it is significantly more thermostable than both modern enzymes. More detailed characterization of the ancestral variants with a focus on stability is currently ongoing. Our results indicate that ancestral sequence reconstruction programs are robust in terms of stability, whereas activity of ancestral variants seems to vary depending on the reconstruction method. We believe that this approach has great potential for enhancing the properties of therapeutic enzymes and biocatalysts for various applications

Cingulate cortex hypoperfusion predicts Alzheimer's disease in mild cognitive impairment

BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was recently described as a heterogeneous group with a variety of clinical outcomes and high risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as measured by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used to study the heterogeneity of MCI and to look for predictors of future development of AD. METHODS: rCBF was investigated in 54 MCI subjects using Tc-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO). An automated analysis software (BRASS) was applied to analyze the relative blood flow (cerebellar ratios) of 24 cortical regions. After the baseline examination, the subjects were followed clinically for an average of two years. 17 subjects progressed to Alzheimer's disease (PMCI) and 37 subjects remained stable (SMCI). The baseline SPECT ratio values were compared between PMCI and SMCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied for the discrimination of the two subgroups at baseline. RESULTS: The conversion rate of MCI to AD was 13.7% per year. PMCI had a significantly decreased rCBF in the left posterior cingulate cortex, as compared to SMCI. Left posterior cingulate rCBF ratios were entered into a logistic regression model for ROC curve calculation. The area under the ROC curve was 74%–76%, which indicates an acceptable discrimination between PMCI and SMCI at baseline. CONCLUSION: A reduced relative blood flow of the posterior cingulate gyrus could be found at least two years before the patients met the clinical diagnostic criteria of AD

Hjältar i skolan. En bild av olika lärande teorier

Sammanfattning: Detta arbete är en analys av min syn på behaviorismen, kognitivismen och de sociokulturella lärandeteorierna. Analysen görs utifrån en semiotisk bildanalys av tre bildserier. Dessa serier är gjorda utifrån mina förkunskaper och föreställningar av de olika lärandeteorierna. Med bilden som karta för mina uppfattningar om lärandeteorierna hoppas jag kunna få ett överskådligt material att arbeta kring. Syftet med arbetet är att genom bilden utmana mina egna tankar kring teorierna och på så sätt stärka grunden för mitt pedagogiska arbete i skolan

Facklan - community through borders

The study centers around The Scandinavian Socialist Federation and its newspaper based in Chicago called Facklan. This newspaper and its association has not been thoroughly researched before in a qualitative manner and existed in a time when communism started to spread around the world which makes them both interesting to research. A qualitative text analysis will allow a study that aims to examine how the newspapers content built or strengthened a feeling of fellowship within the federation. This will be researched through three aspects – communist, swedish and as a federation. With a contextualizing chapter the study is set into a historical period. This enables the reader to understand the context around the federation and its newspaper. Furthermore the study uses Benedict Anderssons idea of imagined communities. The source that has been used to enable this study is a digital archive made by Minnesota historical society, in which Facklan is included. The results show that Facklan indeed did build or strengthen a feeling of fellowship amongst its readers. It did this primarily by connecting the Comintern´s ideas and values with the news around Sweden and the federation. It is difficult to point out how deeply this affected the federation but it most likely brought the divided federation closer together and possibly enabled the merging with another American-Scandinavian socialist federation

From a great Swede to great a stenstorpian : A use of history study of Gustaf Dalén between 1931–2020

The aim of the essay is to investigate the use of history of the inventor and Nobel prize winner Gustaf Dalén between the years 1931–2020. The survey answers the question why Dalén has gone from being regarded as one of Sweden's most important people to being of local importance. By examining how different groups have used Dalén's memory over time and with different purposes, an explanation for this can be given to this question. The material that forms the basis of the study includes biographies, dissertations, popular science books, a poem, a movie, a theatre performance and Dalén's own museum. A qualitative method is used to examine the material, with historian Klas-Göran Karlsson's use of history classification as an analytical tool. The study results imply that Dalén's memory was used in conjunction with Sweden's industrialization to create unity. In addition, create cohesion around the political project that followed the build-up of the welfare state. This use was prominent until the 1960s, when the history of symbolic characters such as Dalén changed because of a different view of nationalism. The use of history of characters such as Dalén then became more of a local phenomenon. In addition, changed economic conditions in the countryside and a larger cultural history sector have also impacted they change of historical use of Dalén. The development and professionalisation of the subject of history has also had an impact on the use of history that surround Dalén.Målet med uppsatsen är att undersöka historiebruket kring uppfinnaren och nobelpristagaren Gustaf Dalén mellan åren 1931–2020. Undersökningen ger svar på frågan varför Dalén gått från att räknas som en av Sverige mest betydelsefulla personer till att vara en lokal historisk person. Genom att undersöka hur olika grupper brukat Daléns minne över tid och med olika syften kan en förklaring till detta ges. Materialet som ligger till grund för studien innefattar biografier, avhandlingar, populärvetenskapliga böcker, dikter, en film, en teaterföreställning och Daléns eget museum. En kvalitativ metod använd för att undersöka materialet, med historikern Klas-Göran Karlssons historiebruksindelning som analytiskt redskap. Studien resultat visar hur Daléns minne användes i samband med Sveriges industrialisering för att skapa sammanhållning i samhället. Dessutom legitimera politiken som följde i och med välfärdsstatens uppbyggnad. Detta bruk fortsatte till 1960-talet då historiebruket kring symbolpersoner som Dalén förändrades till följd av en annan syn på nationalism. Detta gjorde att historiebruket kring personer som Dalén förändrades till ett mer lokalt drivet bruk. Dessutom har ändrade ekonomiska förutsättningar på landsbygden och en större kulturhistorisk sektor också samverkat till ett större lokalt historiebruk av Dalén. Historieämnets utveckling och professionalisering har påverkat har sig haft inverkan på historiebruket kring Dalén