Estrategias de (des)cortesía en redes sociales: análisis comparativo de facebook y twitter.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the (im)politeness present in two popular social networks in Spain, namely Facebook and Twitter, using both quantitative and qualitative comparative studies. To do this, comments made to a publication that contains exactly the same text that was written by the same journalist are analyzed, firstly, on his Facebook profile, and, secondly, on his Twitter profile. In conclusion, a wide use of impoliteness in both social networks has been observed; more specifically, the discursive categories of impoliteness reach 70.66% of the corpus on Facebook, and 60.66% on Twitter, and the discourse on Facebook is generally found to be rather more offensive

Social Determinants, Urban Planning, and Covid-19 Response: Evidence From Quito, Ecuador

Covid-19 has put all urban planning systems around the world to the test. Cities’ design and how these are managed are being observed, analyzed, and even questioned from the perspective of the pandemic. Density and poverty have been two fundamental aspects to manage in the pandemic scenario in cities of the Global South, which face this challenge along with other pre-pandemic planning problems. In the city of Quito, Ecuador, the response to the pandemic has been coordinated through regulations issued by the emergency operations center at the national level, and the information (number of cases) has been recorded per parish. The objective of this research is to determine if there is a relationship between Covid-19, poverty, and population density at the parish level for the canton of Quito. The results have shown that there is no correlation. What they did show is that due both to the difficulties of responding to the pandemic and the city’s planning structure, another type of characterization, or characterizations, of the territory (for example, by scenarios or by situations) is needed, which can respond to the needs of the most vulnerable groups. Another observable result was that the gap between urban planning and management instruments and the complexity of territorial needs contributes to the polarization of local government approaches, which compromises urban planning with minimum continuity and coherence

Gobiernos locales, pymes y exportaciones

La lectura atenta de los diarios y otras publicaciones sugiere un creciente interés por los consorcios de exportación, en el sector privado y en el público. Recientes disposiciones de la Secretaría de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa (SEPyME) relativas al tema, un programa llevado a cabo conjuntamente por las Fundaciones ExportAr y BankBoston desde hace un tiempo o la constitución de un consorcio de exportación de joyeros fueron noticia en estos meses. Aliarse con el fin de conquistar mercados externos es algo que los italianos o los españoles conocen muy bien.Instituto de Integración Latinoamerican

Gobiernos locales, pymes y exportaciones

La lectura atenta de los diarios y otras publicaciones sugiere un creciente interés por los consorcios de exportación, en el sector privado y en el público. Recientes disposiciones de la Secretaría de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa (SEPyME) relativas al tema, un programa llevado a cabo conjuntamente por las Fundaciones ExportAr y BankBoston desde hace un tiempo o la constitución de un consorcio de exportación de joyeros fueron noticia en estos meses. Aliarse con el fin de conquistar mercados externos es algo que los italianos o los españoles conocen muy bien.Instituto de Integración Latinoamerican

Comprehensive database on Induan (Lower Triassic) to Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) marine bivalve genera and their paleobiogeographic record

Marine bivalve genera that were described or mentioned for Triassic and Lower Jurassic deposits worldwide are reviewed in terms of their validity, stratigraphic range, paleogeographic distribution, paleoautecology, and shell mineralogy. Data were originally compiled at species level and are arranged systematically. A brief discussion for each genus includes synonymy, taxonomic status, and included subgenera, as well as current uncertainties about their validity and range. The distribution of each genus is also shown on paleogeographic maps. Type species and first and last appearances of each genus are also mentioned. We recognize as valid 281 genera and their included subgenera, and we further discuss 148 genera (arranged alphabetically) that were mentioned for the study interval but are not included for different reasons. The purpose of this paper is to provide an updated critical assessment of all available basic information for each genus, in order to obtain a sound database to study the generic paleodiversity of marine bivalves in the time interval from the Induan (Early Triassic) to the Sinemurian (Early Jurassic). This was a critical time for bivalve evolution and diversification, which began with the recovery from the Permian¿Triassic extinction and ended with the recovery from the Triassic¿Jurassic extinction

Método rápido para la determinación de compuestos polares en aceites y grasas de fritura

The determination of polar compounds by adsorption chromatography is the most accepted method for the analysis of used frying fats due to its high precision and accuracy. However, this method is expensive and time consuming. In this study, a rapid analytical method to determine polar compounds is proposed. Starting from milligrams of sample dissolved in a solution of hexane containing methyl oleate as internal standard, the nonpolar fraction, which comprises the non-altered triglycerides (TG) and the internal standard, is obtained by solid phase extraction. Then, the non polar fraction is quantitatively analyzed in 15 min by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and the polar fraction is determined by difference of weight. Response factors for pure TG and FAME were calculated. Six samples of sunflower oils of different degrees of unsaturation were analyzed in triplicate and the results were compared with those obtained by the gravimetric method based on silica classical column chromatography. Results showed no significant differences between the two methods. In addition, the repeatability of the proposed method was excellent, as the coefficient of variation ranged from 1.5 to 13% depending on the contents of polar compounds.La determinación de compuestos polares mediante cromatografía de adsorción es el método más aceptado en el análisis de aceites y grasas de fritura debido a su elevada exactitud y precisión. Sin embargo, la determinación es costosa, debido al elevado consumo de sílice y disolventes, y son necesarias varias horas para la obtención del resultado. En este estudio se propone una determinación alternativa rápida. Partiendo de miligramos de muestra disueltos en una solución de hexano con oleato de metilo como patrón interno, la fracción no polar, que contiene los triglicéridos no alterados y el patrón interno, es aislada mediante extracción en fase sólida. Posteriormente, la fracción no polar se analiza cuantitativamente en 15 min mediante cromatografía líquida de exclusión y la cantidad de fracción polar se determina por diferencia de peso. Se han calculado los factores de respuesta de triglicéridos y ésteres metílicos. El método se ha aplicado a seis muestras de aceites de girasol de distinto grado de insaturación evaluadas por triplicado y los resultados se han comparado con los obtenidos mediante la determinación gravimétrica basada en cromatografía en columna clásica de sílice. No se han encontrado diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de resultados. Por otra parte, la repetibilidad fue excelente ya que los coeficientes de variación oscilaron entre 1.5 y 13% dependiendo del contenido en compuestos polares de los aceites.This research work was supported by Junta de Andalucía and Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Project AGL 2004-00148).Peer reviewe

Síndrome aórtico agudo con manifestaciones neurológicas: la ecografia, un aliado en épocas de pandemia

The clinical presentation of acute aortic syndrome varies according to the affected territory, presenting neurological symptoms in up to 29% of cases, which may cause diagnostic delays when manifested without chest pain(classical presentation in more than 90% of cases). Echocardiography is an essential diagnostic tool in the initial diagnosis, especially in hemodynamically unstable patients. We present the case of a middle-aged woman withaltered sensorium preceded by chest pain.El síndrome aórtico agudo representa un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. Según el territorio afectado, las manifestaciones clínicas pueden ser muy variables, presentándose en hasta un 29% de los casos con síntomas neurológicos1 y ocasionando retrasos diagnósticos si se presentan de manera aislada, es decir sin dolor torácico (que se presenta en más del 90% de los casos). La ecocardiografía es una herramienta diagnóstica fundamental en el diagnóstico inicial, especialmente en pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de mediana edad, con deterioro del sensorio precedida por dolor torácico

Early Triassic-Early Jurassic Bivalve Diversity Dynamics

Bivalves are a highly diversified molluscan class, with a long history dating from early Cambrian times (Cope, 2000). Although the group already showed a steady diversification trend during the Paleozoic, it only became highly successful and expanded rapidly from the Mesozoic onward. The Triassic was, for bivalves, first a recovery period and later a biotic diversification event. It was also the time bivalves first fully exploited their evolutionary novelties.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Early Triassic-Early Jurassic Bivalve Diversity Dynamics

Bivalves are a highly diversified molluscan class, with a long history dating from early Cambrian times (Cope, 2000). Although the group already showed a steady diversification trend during the Paleozoic, it only became highly successful and expanded rapidly from the Mesozoic onward. The Triassic was, for bivalves, first a recovery period and later a biotic diversification event. It was also the time bivalves first fully exploited their evolutionary novelties.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse