Nanoclay as Adsorbent: Evaluation for Removing Dyes Used in the Textile Industry

The dyes commonly used in the textile industry have structural resonant valence distribution, within a complex molecule, which determines the color of the dyes. The coloring is produced by chromospheres holding radiation in UV-visible range. Besides coloring, these compounds can be found in waste water and cause serious problems in living organisms, because their biodegradation products may be a source of toxic substances such as amines, which are generated from the characteristic azo chromospheres groups in most of the dyes. Current treatments for color removal from hazardous waste from these materials are complex and costly, for this reason some industries do not treat the wastes generated during the staining step. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of nanoclay as adsorbents for dye used in the textile industry. The dyes used in this work are commercially known as: Orange GR, Black GN an African Brown. Nanoclay was obtained by bentonite treated with organic cation. The retention of the dye was evaluated by measurements in the UV-visible spectrum by using a HP-8354 equipment.Fil: Martínez Stagnaro, Susana Yamila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ingeniería. Asentamiento Universidad Zapala; ArgentinaFil: Volzone, Cristina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica; ArgentinaFil: Huck, Lucas Ruben. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica; Argentin

Oxetane &-amido acids : synthesis and derivatisation

Tese de doutoramento em Química (Química Orgânica), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2009In the present work the potential of oxetane δ-amino acids as scaffolds was evaluated. While there is an ample precedence for the use of 6- and 5-membered carbohydrate-derived amino acids as scaffolds, there are no reports on oxetanebased libraries. The oxetane ring is an interesting source of rigidity and well-defined exit vectors, and this unit is present in some important naturally occurring bioactive molecules, such as taxol, oxetanocin or oxetin. Nevertheless, the intrinsic chemical and pharmacological properties or inherent advantages of the oxetanes are far from clear. Oxetane δ-amino acids with the general structure i were synthesised using carbohydrates as starting materials in order to obtain different and well-defined stereochemistry. On a scaffold synthesis level, the oxetane moiety was decorated with different R groups such as hydroxyl, methoxyl or fluorine, and the resulting final scaffolds i exhibited D-lyxo, D-ribo, D-arabino and D-xylo configurations. Scaffold derivatisation was performed introducing valuable pharmacophores such as 1,2,4-oxadiazoles or 1,2,3-triazoles to generate small libraries of compounds with general structures ii and iii, respectively. 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles were obtained by reaction of oxetane δ-amino acids i, with different hydroxyamidines via a basic activation followed by cyclodehydration. The scaffold was further derivatised so that the resulting compounds ii exhibited tert-butoxycarboxyl, hydrogen, acetyl or mesyl as group R1. 1,2,3-Triazoles were obtained by the so called click reaction of an oxetane δ-azido ester with different acetylenes catalysed by Cu(I). Oxetanes proved to be stable under the chosen derivatisation conditions with exception of the 3- hydroxy derivatives which decomposed under basic conditions. Moreover, corresponding 1,2,4-oxadiazole libraries were synthesised on two diastreomeric bicyclic δ-amino acids leading to a new family of compounds with general structure iv. The synthesised compounds were characterised by techniques such as NMR, MS, HRMS, optical rotation, elemental analysis and, for crystalline compounds, by X-Ray crystallography. Physicochemical and metabolic properties of the synthesised molecules were evaluated. Prediction of properties such as octanol/water partition coefficient, polar surface area, effective intestinal permeability, pKa, blood-brain barrier penetration and Andrew binding score was possible by the use of in silico tools. Moreover, some of the compounds experimental data on octanol/water partition coefficients, thermodynamic solubility, permeability and susceptibility towards metabolic degradation in human and mouse microsomes were obtained. All target compounds exhibited the physicochemical and metabolic properties desired in medicinal chemistry.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/16592/2004

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum

Pneumomediastinum is defined as the presence of air in the mediastinal cavity. Can be classified into two categories: secondary pneumomediastinum, when there is a causative etiological factor and spontaneous pneumomediastinum, without a clear etiology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Proliferative glioblastoma cancer cells exhibit persisting temporal control of metabolism and display differential temporal drug susceptibility in chemotherapy

Even in immortalized cell lines, circadian clocks regulate physiological processes in a time-dependent manner, driving transcriptional and metabolic rhythms, the latter being able to persist without transcription. Circadian rhythm disruptions in modern life (shiftwork, jetlag, etc.) may lead to higher cancer risk. Here, we investigated whether the human glioblastoma T98G cells maintained quiescent or under proliferation keep a functional clock and whether cells display differential time responses to bortezomib chemotherapy. In arrested cultures, mRNAs for clock (Per1, Rev-erbα) and glycerophospholipid (GPL)-synthesizing enzyme genes, 32 P-GPL labeling, and enzyme activities exhibited circadian rhythmicity; oscillations were also found in the redox state/peroxiredoxin oxidation. In proliferating cells, rhythms of gene expression were lost or their periodicity shortened whereas the redox and GPL metabolisms continued to fluctuate with a similar periodicity as under arrest. Cell viability significantly changed over time after bortezomib treatment; however, this rhythmicity and the redox cycles were altered after Bmal1 knock-down, indicating cross-talk between the transcriptional and the metabolic oscillators. An intrinsic metabolic clock continues to function in proliferating cells, controlling diverse metabolisms and highlighting differential states of tumor suitability for more efficient, time-dependent chemotherapy when the redox state is high and GPL metabolism low.Fil: Wagner, Paula Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Sosa Alderete, Lucas Gastón. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gorne, Lucas Damián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Gaveglio, Virginia Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Gabriela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Pasquaré, Susana Juana. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Guido, Mario Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; Argentin

Sports Facilities and Social Responsibility: A Challenge for the Decade

Trabalho apresentado no 1st World Sustainability Forum, 1-30 novembro 2011The last decade of the XX century consolidated a new vision of development that involved not only the natural environment, but also socio-cultural aspects in a prominent position, argued that the quality of life of human beings became the condition for progress. This proposal is based on sustainable development considering the preservation for future generation’s current use of natural resources. We cannot imagine the functioning of the developed societies without major hospitals, shopping malls, sports facilities, public transport stations, public institutions, schools, waste treatment plants etc.. The construction of such equipment involves huge amounts of money and produces a significant impact on the neighbourhood. These impacts on the economy, called externalities, can be positive or negative. Looking at the issue of community facilities from a macroeconomic point of view, a proper functioning of such equipment is essential for the development of local communities and general society. Amidst the global crisis, the best and most profitable use of such equipment enhances its positive impacts on society, which is supposed to be inclusive, and creates the structural conditions for social and economic growth. Many of those items can be better managed taking into consideration social sustainability by creating conditions for local and country development. A more inclusive and participatory society is one of the key objectives of Europe 2020. The EU commission has identified three elements for the growth of the European state in the coming years: smart growth, sustainable growth (making our production more efficient in terms of resources, while boosting our competitiveness), inclusive growth (increased rate of participation in the labour market, acquiring skills and the fighting poverty). For the success of this strategy for the next decade, it is essential to have a social vision of the market. Improved management of such equipment can create opportunities for civic engagement of local citizens, for education and even for the creation of micro-business around the equipment. The greater involvement of citizens also allows channelling the energies of many social groups to make the social goals comprehensive, providing the appearance of a more participatory society. Companies today face many management problems of social sustainability in its various dimensions such as: demographic changes, social justice, education, health, among others. The proper management approach has to be an answer on how to deal with these problems. The objective of our work is the introductory analyses of the state of art of the management for social sustainability objectives of the sports facilities in Portugal. After this introductory analysis, we will propose the creation of a methodological guide for managers of these public facilities, in order to include the social sustainability aspects on their task and management objectives.N/

Improving by sustainability in sport facilities

Comunicação apresentada em Energy for Sustainability 2013 - Sustainable Cities: Designing for People and the Planet, Coimbra, Portugal, 8-10 September 2013Sporting structures particularly in Portugal, which were built for Euro 2004, in addition to belonging to clubs, the rest, have a very low utilization rate. But all in general have high operating costs and little control in the use of resources available. From the cases of stadiums Letzigrund, Zurich, Switzerland and Amsterdam Arena, the Netherlands, there may be a new vision for the improvement of Portuguese stadiums. In the case of the stadium was the Letzigrund stadium in its construction was dubbed the Green Stadium, built for Euro 2008. Among the recommended measures were implemented immediately: Green roof: with a photovoltaic system with an area of 2500 m2 and Solar Thermal Collectors 90 m2, heating by pellets; Promoting green transport: public transport; Waste management by implementing reusable cup; Lighting System: Minergie. The Amsterdam Arena, even having been built in 1998, has now the objective for 2015, be the first zero carbon stadium. The Amsterdam ArenA strives: to be a platform for sustainable innovations; to reduce our own environmental impact, and that of our events; to be a good neighbor and a positive boost for the economy; to increase our sustainable impact together with others. It presents an analysis of the measures advocated by these two football stadiums for sustainability, and measures can be defined and advocated an example and be applicable in Euro 2004 stadiums. It is considered that the implementation of measures for sustainability in sports facilities can be made throughout his life in order to have lower cost and operating efficiency

Sustainability as architecture for people: the case of football stadiums

Comunicação apresentada em Energy for Sustainability 2013 - Sustainable Cities: Designing for People and the Planet, Coimbra, Portugal, 8-10 September 2013The football stadiums are a center of emotions. In use the assembly is of thousands of people in a short period of time, a few hours. The sustainability of these sports facilities can not only be associated with its construction and operation. In 2011 the Quality Manual of Stadiums developed by UEFA appears the concept of Sustainable Architecture - Architecture for people. The concept of "architecture for people," emphasizes the need for well-being, comfort, and both psychological and physical, which should be an integral feature of any construction project sustainable. This can be defined as sustainable architecture for the planet and for people. Sustainable architecture can be considered as a simple, but important to the human scale, psychology, culture and ergonomics. It also encourages the design sensibility and interpretation that seeks to go beyond the basic requirements of the customer and therefore aims to give added value to the project. Sustainable architecture also focuses on the importance of creating a sense of place and encourage social interaction, which is particularly significant buildings, such as stadiums, where the idea of promoting the community is very important. This can be promoted through a variety of additional activities and facilities within the stadium complex that can offer the community recreation options as needed, without forgetting the business benefits they will bring to the development of the stadium itself. Thus presents the current situation of the Euro 2004 stadiums in relation to the parameters of Sustainable Architecture defined by UEFA as well as what they can improve, given that facilities that are still present only one fifth of its useful life. Football stadiums can thus leverage new forms of interaction, connection and even change their mindsets thousands of users

Downregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression contributes to oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study in Juana Koslay City, San Luis, Argentina

Oxidative stress is associated with diabetes me- llitus, a condition characterized by increased prevalence and progression rate of cardiovas-cular disease. NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of cellular detoxification re-sponses and redox status. The aim of this study was to examine associations between type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), oxidative stress and the expression of NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in a population of diabetic patients living in Juana Koslay City, San Luis, Argentina. In addition, we evaluated the functional relevance of Nrf2 by measuring the HO-1 expression among persons with type 2 diabetes. We measured clinical and biochemical parameters related to lipid metabo-lism and oxidative stress in a population of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients (T2DM, n = 40) and controls (Co, n = 30). Compared to Co, T2DM patients had higher fasting serum glucose, gly- cated hemoglobin, triglycerides, total choles- terol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. T2DM individuals had also higher atherogenic index and body mass index than controls. We also founded that HO-1 mRNA in whole blood was lower in T2DM than controls, suggesting that T2DM may have an altered antioxidant response to oxidative stress. Interestingly, we found re-duced Nrf2 mRNA in whole blood from T2DM compared to Co. The results from this study provide novel evidence that genes associated to antioxidant defense mechanisms are markedly reduced in patients with type 2 diabetes, and that the reduction in the expression of these genes could be associated to hyperglycemia and increased levels of MDA. Linear regression analysis revealed that there was a strong and positive correlation between the changes of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression levels.Fil: Siewert, Susana. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Diabetes; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Irma. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Diabetes; ArgentinaFil: Santillán, Lucas Damián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Roberto. Provincia de San Luis. Ministerio de Salud. Centro Regional Juana Koslay; ArgentinaFil: Ojeda, Marta Susana. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Diabetes; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Maria Sofia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentin