Peningkatan Kemampuan Menghargai Nilai-Nilai Juang Dalam Proses Perumusan Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Negara Melalui Pendekatan Nyata Siswa Kelas VI Sekolah Dasar

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan melalui pendekatan pembelajaran nyata pada standar kompetensi  menghargai nilai-nilai juang dalam proses perumusan Pancasila sebagai dasar negara siswa kelas VI SDN Joresan Mlarak Ponorogo tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan jenis penelitian tindakan. Untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian yang akurat maka data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis secara statistik yaitu mengunakan rumus mean atau rata-rata. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran nyata dapat meningkatkan aspek psikomotor dan aspek kognitif siswa dalam pembelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan dengan pokok bahasan menghargai nilai-nilai juang dalam proses perumusan Pancasila sebagai dasar negara siswa kelas VI SDN Joresan Mlarak Ponorogo tahun pelajaran 2017/2018

Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 Pasal 7 Poin C Tentang Guru Dan Dosen Di Madrasah Aliyah Se-Kabupaten Lebak

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1). Untuk mengetahui kualifikasi akademik tenaga pendidik setelah diberilakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 pasal 7 poin c mengenai Guru dan Dosen di MAN 2 Lebak dan Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Hidayah Lebakjaha Malingping; (2).Linieritas pendidikan tenaga pendidik unntuk mata pelajaran yang diampu setelah di berlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 pasal 7 poin c mengenai Guru dan Dosen di MAN 2 Lebak dan Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Hidayah Lebakjaha Malingping; (3). Mneggambarkan langkah-langkah yang ditempuh kepala madrasah di dalam melaksanakan Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 pasal 7 poin c mengenai Guru dan Dosen di MAN 2 Lebak dan Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Hidayah Lebakjaha Malingping serta untuk mengetahui factor apa saja yang dapat memberikan pengaruhi pada pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 pasal 7 poin c mengenai Guru dan Dosen di MAN 2 Lebak dan Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Hidayah Lebakjaha Malingping, terkhusus pada permasalahan kualifikasi pendidikan tenaga pendidik dan linieritasnya. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan simpulan yaitu kualifikasi pendidikan tenaga pendidik di madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Lebak dan madrasah Aliyah Nurul Hidayah Lebakjaha Malingping masuk pada kategori “sangat baik”, menegnai linieritas tenaga pendidik dilihat dari ijazah guru d mata pelajaran juga tergolong pada kategori “sangat baik”. Adapun langkah-langkah yang dilaksanakan kepala madrasah yaitu pembinaan, supervisi akademik, pendekatan perseorangan, serta pelatihan guru

BIOANALISIS METABOLIT GLIKLAZIDA DALAM MIKROSOM HATI MANUSIA DENGAN METODE HPLC

Gliclazide (GZ) is oral sulphonylurea-2 generation used for treatment of diabetes mellitus type-2. Gliclazide is metabolized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of liver, which can be made in preparation of human liver microsomes. These microsomes rich in cytochrome P450 (CYP450). Major metabolite of GZ in the microsomes are, 7β-OH-GZ, 6α-OHGz, 6β-OH-GZ, and Me-OH-GZ. HPLC method for GZ me-tabolites was done without extraction by organic solvents, but with direct precipita-tion GZ incubation results in the human liver microsomes using perchloric acid. The aim of the study is to determine the level of four GZ metabolites in human livermicrosomes by HPLC method. Gliclazide 400 µM were incubated in human liver microsomes using regenerating reagent at 370C for 90 minutes. The reaction were terminated by cooling the incubation tubes at 40C and the addition of 10 µl perchloricacid 70%, then were added 20 µl solution of internal standard of chlopropamide 200 µM, were centrifuged 14,000 rpm for 10 minutes, supernatan taken. Then 200 µl supernatan were added 5 µl of 2 M NaOH, were mixed and centrifuged again at14,000 rpm for 5 minutes. Then 65 µl supernatant were injected into HPLC column (Beckman), column Ultrasphere ODS 5 µM 4.6 mm x 25 cm, UV detector at 235 nm. HPLC eluent solution was 5mM acetate buffer (pH 4.3)-Acetonitrile (70: 30),with a flow rate of 1.5 ml / min. The retention times of 7β-OH-GZ, 6α-OHGz, 6β-OH-GZ, Me-OH-GZ, chlorpropamide (IS) and Gliclazide were 4.40; 4.58; 5.55; 7.3; 12.30 and 36 minutes (without microsomes) and that with microsomes only 3metabolites GZ were measured, except metabolite of 6α-OHGz. Linearity, recovery, reproducibility, precision were very good for determining metabolites GZ in human liver microsomes. Bioanalysis by HPLC method for the main metabolites of 7β-OH-GZ, 6β-OH-GZ and Me-OH-GZ were appropriate, because the method were selected, cheap, easy, fast and good validity.Keywords : Gliclazide metabolites - human liver microsomes - HPL

HERBS USED AS ANALGESIC BY DAYAK TRIBE IN NORTH KALIMANTAN INDONESIA

Traditional medicines produced from medicinal plants have played an important role in disease treatment in Dayak Tribe, North Kalimantan. Northern Kalimantan belongs to a remote area where health facilities like healthcare center (puskesmas pusat kesehatan masyarakat) and hospital are not easily accessible. This research aims to investigate herbs used by Dayak tribe in North Kalimantan for treating pain. It is a descriptive research applying two research methods i.e. observation and interview. We directly observed the research object and proposed questions to respondents that were traditional healers from each village. The research was conducted in nine villages within three regencies in North Kalimantan. Meanwhile, 38 herbs collected in this research were from 26 families and 34 species. Four species were still locally named. The highest proportion of the herb family used was Asteraceae. The most frequently used part of the herb for medicine was the leaf (60.53%). The main serving methods were by boiling the herb and drinking it (63.15%). Bone pain and stomachache were two main illnesses mostly treated by local herb therapy involving 11 herbs. In conclusion, Dayak tribe in North Kalimantan still used herbs to treat their pain

Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria that Tolerant to Saponin of Sapindus Rarak Plant

A commercial saponin as biosurfactant can reduce the surface tension of water and increase of hydrocarbon degradation. However, this saponin can be toxic to some hydrocarbonoclastic bac-teria. This study aimed to obtain bacterial isolates that were tolerant and incapable to degrade saponin, and to identify them based on 16S rDNA sequence. Bacteria were isolated from petroleum contaminated soil in Wonocolo Village, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The soil samples were acclimated using Bushnell-Haas (BH) broth with 0.5% crude oil at room temperature for 3 weeks. The culture was spread onto BH agar incubated at 30°C for 7 days. The first screened, isolates were grown in nutrient broth with addition of sap-onin 0%, 8%, and 12% (v/v) then incubated at 30°C for three days. The bacterial cell density was measured using a spectrophotometer. Second screened, the isolates were grown on BH broth with addition of 0.5% saponin as a sole carbon source, and their cell densities were measured. The selected isolates were identified based on 16S rDNA sequences. Among 34 bacterial isolates, nine isolates were tol-erant to 12% saponin. Three bacterial isolates IHT1.3, IHT1.5, and IHT3.24 tolerant to high concentration of saponin and did not use this substance as growth nutrition. The IHT1.3, IHT1.5, and IHT3.24 isolates were identified as Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense (99% similarity), Pseudomonas mendocina (99%), and Ochrobactrum pi-tuitosum; (97%), respectively. Those three selected isolates are good candidates as hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to bioremediation of soil contaminated crude oil. However, the combined activity of bacteria and saponin to degrade hydrocarbon needs further study.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN BINTARO (Cerbera odollam) TERHADAP WAKTU BERHENTI MAKAN DAN MORTALITAS LARVA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

Efek negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh pestisida kimia terhadap ekosistem dan lingkungan mendorong usaha untuk menekan penggunaannya, salah satunya melalui penggunaan biopestisida nabati. Sebagai salah satu hama penting tanaman pertanian, ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura) perlu untuk ditekan populasinya untuk meminimalisir kehilangan hasil panen. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biopestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan hama ulat grayak yaitu Cerbera odollam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi biopestisida nabati daun bintaro terhadap waktu berhenti makan (stop feeding) dan mortalitas larva ulat grayak. Penelitian ini didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari enam taraf perlakuan (0 (kontrol), 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 g/L) dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Ekstrak diaplikasikan ke larva ulat grayak dengan menggunakan metode leaf dipping methods. Efektivitas pengaruh ekstrak daun bintaro terhadap ulat grayak dilakukan dengan mengamati waktu berhenti makan (time of stop feeding) dan mortalitas (tingkat kematian larva). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun bintaro berpotensi digunakan sebagai biopestisida nabati untuk larva S. litura. Mortalitas larva S. litura semakin meningkat sejalan dengan semakin lamanya waktu aplikasi ekstrak. Selain itu, mortalitas larva ulat grayak tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan 20, 25, dan 30 g/L yaitu sebesar 40% pada 168 jam setelah aplikasi

UJI PERLAKUAN BENIH TERHADAP TINGKAT SERANGAN PENYAKIT BULAI (Peronosclerospora sp) PADA GALUR JAGUNG TETUA JANTAN SYNGENTA01

Downey mildew is one of the most significant corn diseases that has caused huge losses to farmers and threatened food security. This study aimed to know the effect of Oksatiupiprolin and Thiamethoksam, also the treatment of Fenamidon on Downey mildew attack level. This study used Randomized Complete Blok Design non-factorial consisting of no treatment (P1), Thiamethoksam, 2.5 ml/kg + Fenamidon 6 ml/kg + Mefenoksam 3 ml/kg (P2) and Thiamethoksam 2.5 ml/kg + Okasatiupiprolin 4 ml/kg (P3) each of treatments replicated three times. The result was showed no treatment(P1)and Thiamethoksam2.5 ml/kg + Fenamidon 6 ml/kg + Mefenoksam 3 ml/kg(P2) was not significant to all tested parameters. The Thiamethoksam 2.5 ml/kg + Okasatiupiprolin 4 ml/kg (P3) treatment showed was not significant to the parameter of the number of the plants attacked by disease and healthy plants, attack time, and attack fluctuation, yet the (P3) treatment showed significant to the attack number of disease is 110,2 plants and percentage parameter of Downey mildew is 9,58%

Pemanfaatan Keong Mas Untuk Pupuk Organik Cair di Kelompok Tani Podo Tentrem Kecamatan Wuluhan Jember

The golden snail is one of the pests that damage rice plants, this pest has the ability to reproduce quickly, causing the golden snail to become one of the main pests in lowland rice. But the golden snail can be used as a basic material for liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) because it contains protein, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, phosphate solubilizing microbes, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, enzymes and the hormone auxin. The effectiveness of the golden snail LOF has been tested on several agricultural crops, one of which is rice. In the Podo Tentrem Farmers Group, these pests are simply thrown away and have not been utilized properly. Whereas the potential of this golden snail can be very high if it is processed into organic fertilizer. Therefore, with this community service activity, it is hoped that it can improve competence, skills and increase the production output of the Podo Tentrem farmer group. This can be measured by the enthusiasm of the participants who were attended by 100% of the invitees, besides that the participants also knew the stages of work and succeeded in making Keong Mas LOF well. In addition, other assessment indicators are using quantitative data on pre-test and post-test scores. Before the counseling was carried out, the pretest value was 50 and after the knowledge training, it increased with an average post-test score of 76. These results can indicate that in theory and practice, on average, participants understand and can make golden snail LOF