ШЛЯХИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РЕГУЛЮЮЧОЇ ФУНКЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВИ У СФЕРІ ІННОВАЦІЙ

У статті розглядається регулююча функція держави щодо активізації інноваційно- інвестиційної діяльності в Україні, здійснюється порівняння з аналогічною практикою у розвинутих країнах і розробляються напрямки підвищення ефективності механізмів саморегулювання інноваційної діяльності.In article regulating function of the state concerning activization innovatively - investment activity in Ukraine is considered, comparison with similar practice in the developed countries is carried out and directions of increase of efficiency of mechanisms of self-regulation of innovative activity are developed

Results from a Large, Multinational Sample Using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

Childhood maltreatment has diverse, lifelong impact on morbidity and mortality. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is one of the most commonly used scales to assess and quantify these experiences and their impact. Curiously, despite very widespread use of the CTQ, scores on its Minimization-Denial (MD) subscale—originally designed to assess a positive response bias—are rarely reported. Hence, little is known about this measure. If response biases are either common or consequential, current practices of ignoring the MD scale deserve revision. Therewith, we designed a study to investigate 3 aspects of minimization, as defined by the CTQ’s MD scale: 1) its prevalence; 2) its latent structure; and finally 3) whether minimization moderates the CTQ’s discriminative validity in terms of distinguishing between psychiatric patients and community volunteers. Archival, item-level CTQ data from 24 multinational samples were combined for a total of 19,652 participants. Analyses indicated: 1) minimization is common; 2) minimization functions as a continuous construct; and 3) high MD scores attenuate the ability of the CTQ to distinguish between psychiatric patients and community volunteers. Overall, results suggest that a minimizing response bias—as detected by the MD subscale—has a small but significant moderating effect on the CTQ’s discriminative validity. Results also may suggest that some prior analyses of maltreatment rates or the effects of early maltreatment that have used the CTQ may have underestimated its incidence and impact. We caution researchers and clinicians about the widespread practice of using the CTQ without the MD or collecting MD data but failing to assess and control for its effects on outcomes or dependent variables

Anxiety Disorders in Patients With Somatic Diseases

Objective Anxiety disorders are among the most frequent mental disorders and are associated with a range of short- and long-term impairments and disabilities. Relatively little is known about anxiety disorders in patients with somatic diseases, and the present literature review highlights the current research in this field, data about prevalences of anxiety disorders in patients with somatic diseases, and the effectiveness of interventions. This article also introduces a comprehensive model of inpatient treatment and summarizes the evidence pertinent to this approach. Methods A narrative review is presented with regard to prevalence and treatment of anxiety disorders in patients with somatic diseases. The effects of inpatient treatment are illustrated based on a case report. Results This review indicates that anxiety disorders are more common in patients with somatic diseases, with prevalence estimates ranging from 2.5% to 55%, than in the general population. Several outpatient treatment options exist, with substantial support for the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and pharmacotherapy. We also provide evidence in support of psychosomatic inpatient treatment for patients with anxiety disorders that are comorbid with somatic diseases. Conclusions Anxiety disorders are common in patients with somatic diseases, and several effective treatment options exist, including cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacological interventions. We also provide support for the effectiveness of inpatient treatment with unique opportunities for multidisciplinary psychosomatic treatment of anxiety disorders with comorbid somatic diseases

Mini - social phobia inventory (mini-SPIN) : psychometric properties and population based norms of the German version

Abstract Background A short screening for social anxiety disorder is useful in clinical and epidemiological contexts. However, the German version of the short form of the Social Phobia Inventory (mini-SPIN) has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, our aim was to determine reliability, validity and population based norms of the German mini-SPIN. Methods The mini-SPIN was evaluated in a clinical (N = 1254) and in a representative community sample (N = 1274). Clinical diagnoses, the Patient Health Questionnaire depression (PHQ-9) and somatization modules (PHQ-15), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), and the Short-Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12) were used in the clinical sample. In the community sample, participants filled out socio-demographic and health related questions and short versions of the PHQ (PHQ-2, GAD-2, panic item). Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, sensitivity to change, discriminant validity, and convergent validity were examined. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to determine cut-off scores. Population based norms were computed from the community sample. Results We found internal consistencies between 0.80 and 0.83. Test-retest correlation was Rho = 0.61; sensitivity to change was comparable to the LSAS. Correlations indicated good convergent and discriminant validity of the mini-SPIN. Strict measurement invariance can be assumed regarding age and gender. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested a cut-off of 6 or higher for a probable diagnosis of SAD. Conclusions The German version of the mini-SPIN is a reliable and valid instrument. Its brevity makes it valuable for screening and assessing changes of social anxiety in clinical and epidemiological studies

Unemployment and its Socio-economic Results in Mělník

V první polovině devadesátých let 20. století se míra registrované nezaměstnanosti v České republice pohybovala kolem 3 %, proto se Česká republika řadila mezi státy s minimální nezaměstnaností. V důsledku zpomalení hospodářského růstu i díky snižování pracovních míst začala nabídka pracovních sil převyšovat poptávku. To se Odrazilo i v růstu nezaměstnanosti na celém území České republiky, i když nezaměstnanost v České republice nabývá čistě regionálního charakteru. Nezaměstnanost je opravdu problémem, který je třeba řešit. Nezpůsobuje totiž jen ekonomické problémy, které člověka vedou až na hranici chudoby, ale její důsledky jsou též sociální, kdy může dlouhodobé nezaměstnanost vést až k alkoholismu či kriminalitě, psychologické, kam patří zejména deprese, ztráta sebevědomí a zesilování pocitu vlastní bezcennosti a neužitečnosti pro okolí, a zdravotní - prokázalo se totiž, že nezaměstnaný člověk je náchylnější k nemocem.V první polovině devadesátých let 20. století se míra registrované nezaměstnanosti v České republice pohybovala kolem 3 %, proto se Česká republika řadila mezi státy s minimální nezaměstnaností. V důsledku zpomalení hospodářského růstu i díky snižování pracovních míst začala nabídka pracovních sil převyšovat poptávku. To se Odrazilo i v růstu nezaměstnanosti na celém území České republiky, i když nezaměstnanost v České republice nabývá čistě regionálního charakteru. Nezaměstnanost je opravdu problémem, který je třeba řešit. Nezpůsobuje totiž jen ekonomické problémy, které člověka vedou až na hranici chudoby, ale její důsledky jsou též sociální, kdy může dlouhodobé nezaměstnanost vést až k alkoholismu či kriminalitě, psychologické, kam patří zejména deprese, ztráta sebevědomí a zesilování pocitu vlastní bezcennosti a neužitečnosti pro okolí, a zdravotní - prokázalo se totiž, že nezaměstnaný člověk je náchylnější k nemocem.Katedra občanské výchovy a filosofieFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

熱水変質岩からのヒ素の不溶化に及ぼす覆土層および吸着層の影響に関する研究 [論文内容及び審査の要旨]

<p>Partial correlations (controlled for age); ** p<.001;* p<.05</p><p>LEAS = Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale; HADS-D  =  Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Depression), HADS-D  =  Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Anxiety), ERQ-R  =  Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Reappraisal), ERQ-S  =  Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Suppression)</p

How Is Emotional Awareness Related to Emotion Regulation Strategies and Self-Reported Negative Affect in the General Population?

<div><p>Objective</p><p>The Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS) as a performance task discriminates between implicit or subconscious and explicit or conscious levels of emotional awareness. An impaired awareness of one's feeling states may influence emotion regulation strategies and self-reports of negative emotions. To determine this influence, we applied the LEAS and self-report measures for emotion regulation strategies and negative affect in a representative sample of the German general population.</p><p>Sample and Methods</p><p>A short version of the LEAS, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), assessing reappraisal and suppression as emotion regulation strategies, were presented to N = 2524 participants of a representative German community study. The questionnaire data were analyzed with regard to the level of emotional awareness.</p><p>Results</p><p>LEAS scores were independent from depression, but related to self-reported anxiety. Although of small or medium effect size, different correlational patters between emotion regulation strategies and negative affectivity were related to implict and explict levels of emotional awareness. In participants with implicit emotional awareness, suppression was related to higher anxiety and depression, whereas in participants with explicit emotional awareness, in addition to a positive relationship of suppression and depression, we found a negative relationship of reappraisal to depression. These findings were independent of age. In women high use of suppression and little use of reappraisal were more strongly related to negative affect than in men.</p><p>Discussion</p><p>Our first findings suggest that conscious awareness of emotions may be a precondition for the use of reappraisal as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy. They encourage further research in the relation between subconsious and conscious emotional awareness and the prefarance of adaptive or maladaptive emotion regulation strategies The correlational trends found in a representative sample of the general population may become more pronounced in clinical samples.</p></div