The Issue of Causal Explanation and Meaning Understanding of Social Action

This text deals with epistemological clash between positivistic and intentionalistic programs in the social sciences. The main question, raised here, is whether a social action can be comprehended in both causal and motivational terms, which is stressed to be necessary condition for the consistency of the social sciences. It enables imputing the deed to a concrete actor. The first part of the text deals with historical reconstruction of epistemological dualism between Kulturwissenschaften and Naturwissenschaften. Then the model of singular causality is critically examined. The concluding part suggests the decision of the problem basing on Wittgensteinian metaphor of changing the aspect.Этот текст - об эпистемологическим столкновении между позитивистской и интентионалистской программами в области социальных наук. Основной вопрос, поставленный здесь, может ли социальная акция быть понята как в причинных, так и в мотивационных точках, что подчеркивается как необходимое условие согласованности социальных наук. Это позволяет приписывать действие к конкретному актору. Первая часть текста посвящена исторической реконструкции эпистемологического дуализма между науками о культуре и науками о природе. После критически рассматривается модель особой причинности. В заключительной части предлагается решение проблемы базирования на витгенштейнианской метафоры изменения аспекта

Collective-coupling analysis of spectra of mass-7 isobars: ^7He, ^7Li, ^7Be, ^7B

A nucleon-nucleus interaction model has been applied to ascertain the underlying character of the negative-parity spectra of four isobars of mass seven, from neutron-- to proton--emitter driplines. With one single nuclear potential defined by a simple coupled-channel model, a multichannel algebraic scattering approach (MCAS) has been used to determine the bound and resonant spectra of the four nuclides, of which ^7He and ^7B are particle unstable. Incorporation of Pauli blocking in the model enables a description of all known spin-parity states of the mass-7 isobars. We have also obtained spectra of similar quality by using a large space no-core shell model. Additionally, we have studied ^7Li and ^7Be using a dicluster model. We have found a dicluster-model potential that can reproduce the lowest four states of the two nuclei, as well as the relevant low-energy elastic scattering cross sections. But, with this model, the rest of the energy spectra cannot be obtained.Comment: Extended version published in Phys. Rev. C, 16 pages and 5 figure

Potential of Rural Cultural Leisure in Belarus

The solution to the problem of preserving the identity of the cultural traditions of the Belarus village is to actualize the socio-cultural potential of rural regions, to reveal the uniqueness of the resources of each territory and their cultural specialization, to find forms of involvement of the population in the processes of socio-cultural development of territories. Keywords: cultural traditions, socio-cultural potential of rural regions, cultural leisure, cultural space of the villag

Superconducting weak bonds at grain boundaries in MgB2

The possibility of preparing bicrystalline Josephson junctions and bolometers based on superconducting MgB2 on specially prepared bicrystalline MgO substrates is investigated. Microbridges 0.85–6.00 μm in width, intersecting the bicrystalline interface, are formed in epitaxial bicrystalline MgB2 films grown on these substrates. It is found that annealing of bicrystalline samples in oxygen leads to a systematic decrease in the critical current, an increase in the temperature width of the superconducting transition region, and to an improvement of the current-voltage (IV) characteristic, which becomes close in shape to the IV characteristic of a Josephson junction. The response of such a junction to radiation at a frequency of 110 GHz with an amplitude attaining 0.5 mV is measured

Nucleon-nucleus scattering as a test of shell structure of some light mass exotic nuclei

Shell model wave functions have been used to form microscopic g-folding optical potentials with which elastic scattering data from 8He, 10,11C, and 18,20,22O scattering on hydrogen has been analyzed. Those potentials, the effective two-nucleon interaction used in their formation, and the shell model details, then have been used in distorted wave approximation calculations of differential cross sections from inelastic scattering to the first excited states of five of those radioactive ions.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure

Three-body correlations in direct reactions: Example of 6^{6}Be populated in (p,n)(p,n) reaction

The $^{6}$Be continuum states were populated in the charge-exchange reaction $^1$H($^{6}$Li,$^{6}$Be)$n$ collecting very high statistics data ($\sim 5 \times 10^6$ events) on the three-body $\alpha$+$p$+$p$ correlations. The $^{6}$Be excitation energy region below $\sim 3$ MeV is considered, where the data are dominated by contributions from the $0^+$ and $2^+$ states. It is demonstrated how the high-statistics few-body correlation data can be used to extract detailed information on the reaction mechanism. Such a derivation is based on the fact that highly spin-aligned states are typically populated in the direct reactions.Comment: submitted to Physical Review