Commentary on "Comparison of Word Intelligibility in Spoken and Sung Phrases" by Lauren Collister and David Huron

We note that the intelligibility of vowels is reduced at high pitches, and propose that decreased decoding of vowels may partially account for the reported findings. Analysis of performance as a function of pitch is recommended. We surmise that reverberation associated with the large microphone distance might have generated reverberation that interfered disproportionately with identification of consonants in sung stimuli, which usually have greater sound intensity than spoken stimuli. Finally, we note the potential relevance of vibrato for speech intelligibility

Get the Cogs in Synch – Time Horizon Aspects of Industry–Academia Collaboration

In industry–academia collaboration projects, there are many issues related to different time horizons in industry and academia. If not adressed upfront, they may hinder collaboration in such projects. We analyze our experiences from a 10 year industry–academia collaboration program, the EASE Industrial Excellence Center in Sweden, and identify issues and feasible practices to overcome the hurdles of different time horizons. Specifically, we identify issues related to contracts, goals, results, organization (in)stability, and work practices. We identify several areas where the time horizon is different, and conclude that mutual awareness of these dif- ferences and management commitment to the collaboration are the key means to overcome the differences. The launch of a mediating institute may also be part of the solution

On the evaluation of electrostatic energy of volume charge distributions and the role of the Coulomb singularity

Methods for evaluating electrostatic interaction energy of volume distributions of charge of different shapes and densities are studied. In our numerical method, a cubic integration volume is divided into smaller sub-cubes, whereupon the pertinent double volume integral is turned into a six-fold sum from which all self-interaction terms exhibiting the Coulomb singularity are duly extracted. More precision is gained by optimising the values of the partial integrals corresponding to the nearest interacting sub-cubes obtained by different discretisation of a cube. Further insight is obtained by modelling a sphere, a cylinder and a cube with cubical elements, for which analytical results are available. We also consider spheres with different radially dependent charge density functions, whose interaction energy is known exactly.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (IMACS). This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Відбиття в українській діалектній лексиці дохристиянської релігії слов’ян

In this study, the difference between in-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) cycling from 100 to 750 °C has been investigated for the Ni-based single-crystal superalloy MD2. In addition, two different crystal orientations were studied, the ⟨001⟩ and ⟨011⟩ orientations respectively. When comparing IP and OP TMF lives, a strain range dependency is found for the ⟨001⟩ direction. For high strain ranges, IP cycling leads to a higher number of cycles to failure compared to OP. However at lower strain ranges, OP cycling leads to a higher number of cycles to failure compared to IP. Microstructure investigation shows that for the ⟨001⟩ direction, deformation twinning within the γ/γ′-microstructure is much more pronounced during OP conditions compared to IP. However for the ⟨011⟩ direction, the opposite is observed; twinning is more pronounced during IP TMF. From the microstructure investigation it is also visible that intersections between twins seems to trigger formation of TCP phases and recrystallization. These intersections also work as initiation points for TMF damage

Astemittausretkikunta 1700-luvun Lapissa

Arvosteltu teos: Maan muoto ynnä muita kirjoituksia Lapista / toimittanut ja selityksin varustanut Osmo Pekonen ; Maupertuis'n tekstit suomentaneet Marja Itkonen-Kaila ja Osmo Pekonen. [Rovaniemi] : Väyläkirjat, 2019

Drug Treatment in Older People before and after the Transition to a Multi-Dose Drug Dispensing System - A Longitudinal Analysis

Tverrsnittstudie, undersøker assosiasjonen mellom multidose og polyfarmasi hos eldre.Background: an association has been found between multi-dose drug dispensing (MDD) and use of many drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the nature of this association, by performing a longitudinal analysis of the drug treatment before and after the transition to MDD. Methods: inclusion critera in this register-based study were inhabitants in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, who, at ≥65 years of age and between 1st July 2006 and 30th June 2010, filled their first MDD prescription. For each individual, prescribed drugs were estimated at three month intervals before and after (maximum 3 years, respectively) the first date of filling an MDD prescription (index date). Results: a total of 30,922 individuals matched the inclusion criteria (mean age: 83.2 years; 59.9% female). There was a temporal association between the transition to MDD and an increased number of drugs: 5.463.9 and 7.563.8 unique drugs three months before and after the index date, respectively, as well as worse outcomes on several indicators of prescribing quality. When either data before or after the index date were used, a multi-level regression analysis predicted the number of drugs at the index date at 5.76 (95% confidence limits: 5.71; 5.80) and 7.15 (7.10; 7.19), respectively, for an average female individual (83.2 years, 10.8 unique diagnoses, 2.4 healthcare contacts/three months). The predicted change in the number of drugs, from three months before the index date to the index date, was greater when data before this date was used as compared with data after this date: 0.12 (0.09; 0.14) versus 0.02 (20.01; 0.05). Conclusions: after the patients entered the MDD system, they had an increased number of drugs, more often potentially harmful drug treatment, and fewer changes in drug treatment. These findings support a causal relationship between such a system and safety concerns as regards prescribing practices