545 research outputs found
THSD7A Positivity Is Associated with High Expression of FAK in Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and there are a wide range of
treatment options after diagnosis. Most prostate cancers behave in an indolent manner. However, a
given sub-group has been shown to exhibit aggressive behavior; therefore, it is desirable to find novel
prognostic and predictive (molecular) markers. THSD7A expression is significantly associated with
unfavorable prognostic parameters in prostate cancer. FAK is overexpressed in several tumor types
and is believed to play a role in tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, there is evidence that
THSD7A might affect FAK-dependent signaling pathways. To examine whether THSD7A expression
has an impact on the expression level of FAK in its unphosphorylated form, a total of 461 prostate
cancers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays. THSD7A positivity and
low FAK expression were associated with adverse pathological features. THSD7A positivity was
significantly associated with high FAK expression. To our knowledge we are the first to show that
THSD7A positivity is associated with high FAK expression in prostate cancer. This might be proof
of the actual involvement of THSD7A in FAK-dependent signaling pathways. This is of special
importance because THSD7A might also serve as a putative therapeutic target in cancer therapy
THSD7A Positivity Predicts Poor Survival and Is Linked to High FAK Expression and FGFR1-Wildtype in Female Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the western world, with
squamous cell carcinoma being one of the most common histological subtypes. Prognostic and
predictive markers are still largely missing for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (LSCC). Several
studies indicate that THSD7A might at least play a role in the prognosis of different tumors. FAK
seems to play an important role in lung cancer and is discussed as a potential therapeutic target. In
addition, there is evidence that FAK-dependent signaling pathways might be affected by THSD7A.
For that reason, we investigated the role of THSD7A as a potential tumor marker in LSCC and
whether THSD7A expression has an impact on the expression level of FAK. A total of 101 LSCCs were
analyzed by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays. THSD7A positivity was associated
with poor overall survival in female patients and showed a relation to high FAK expression in this
subgroup. To our knowledge, we are the first to report these correlations in lung cancer. The results
might be proof of the assumed activation of FAK-dependent signaling pathways by THSD7A and that
as a membrane-associated protein, THSD7A might serve as a putative therapeutic target in LSCC
SCARA5 Is Overexpressed in Prostate Cancer and Linked to Poor Prognosis
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, showing a wide range
of clinical behaviors. Therefore, several treatment options arise out of the diagnosis “prostate cancer”.
For this reason, it is desirable to find novel prognostic and predictive markers. In former studies, we
showed that THSD7A expression is associated with unfavorable prognostic parameters in prostate
cancer and is linked to a high expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Recently, scavenger receptor
class A member 5 (SCARA5) was reported to be the downstream gene of THSD7A in esophageal
squamous cell carcinoma. SCARA5 is believed to play an important role in the development and
progression of several different tumor types. Most studies describe SCARA5 as a tumor suppressor.
There is also evidence that SCARA 5 interacts with FAK. To examine the role of SCARA5 as a potential
biomarker in prostate cancer, a total of 461 prostate cancers were analyzed via immunohistochemistry
using tissue microarrays. Furthermore, we compared the expression level of SCARA5 with our
previously collected data on THSD7A and FAK. High SCARA5 expression was associated with
advanced tumor stage (p < 0.001), positive nodal status (p < 0.001) and high Gleason-score (p < 0.001).
At least, strongly SCARA5-positive cancers were associated with THSD7A-positivity. There was
no significant association between SCARA5 expression level and FAK expression level. To our
knowledge, we are the first to investigate the role of SCARA5 in prostate cancer and we demonstrated
that SCARA5 might be a potential biomarker in prostate cancer
Study of the decay
The decay is studied
in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of TeV
using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5
collected by the LHCb experiment. In the system, the
state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is
resolved into two narrower states, and ,
whose masses and widths are measured to be where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second
systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a
prompt sample. Evidence of a new
state is found with a local significance of , whose mass and width
are measured to be and , respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode
is found with a significance of
. The relative branching fraction of with respect to the
decay is measured to be , where the first
uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from
the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb
public pages
Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions and
The ratios of branching fractions
and are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a
sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb of
integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The
tau lepton is identified in the decay mode
. The measured values are
and
, where the first uncertainty is
statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these
measurements is . Results are consistent with the current average
of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the
predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb
public pages
Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors
Background Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. Results Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. Conclusions Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.Peer reviewe
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton
collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against
a boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and
transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range . The
data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy
of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb. Triple
differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum
fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also
measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent
fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the
measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into
the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb
public pages
THSD7A Positivity Is Associated with High Expression of FAK in Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and there are a wide range of treatment options after diagnosis. Most prostate cancers behave in an indolent manner. However, a given sub-group has been shown to exhibit aggressive behavior; therefore, it is desirable to find novel prognostic and predictive (molecular) markers. THSD7A expression is significantly associated with unfavorable prognostic parameters in prostate cancer. FAK is overexpressed in several tumor types and is believed to play a role in tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, there is evidence that THSD7A might affect FAK-dependent signaling pathways. To examine whether THSD7A expression has an impact on the expression level of FAK in its unphosphorylated form, a total of 461 prostate cancers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays. THSD7A positivity and low FAK expression were associated with adverse pathological features. THSD7A positivity was significantly associated with high FAK expression. To our knowledge we are the first to show that THSD7A positivity is associated with high FAK expression in prostate cancer. This might be proof of the actual involvement of THSD7A in FAK-dependent signaling pathways. This is of special importance because THSD7A might also serve as a putative therapeutic target in cancer therapy
Complicated Course of a Thyroglossal Duct Cyst. Little King Thrushbeard?
Mediane Halszysten sind die zweithäufigste Ursache kindlicher Halsschwellungen.
Es handelt sich um angeborene Relikte des Ductus thyreoglossus. Zügig nach der
Diagnosestellung, die auf klinischer Untersuchung und sonographischer Beurteilung
fußt, sollte die operative Resektion geplant werden, um komplizierte Verläufe
beispielsweise durch Superinfektionen zu vermeiden. Mediane Halsfisteln entstehen
sekundär aus medianen Halszysten, entweder durch Spontanperforation bei
Entzündungen oder iatrogen. Von infektionsbedingten Spontanperforationen, die
nur in etwa 11 % aller Fälle beobachtet werden, sind hauptsächlich Patienten in den
ersten drei Lebensjahren betroffen. Im Fall einer akuten Superinfektion wird eine
antibiotische Behandlung und nach Abklingen der Infektion die zeitnahe operative
Resektion empfohlen.Thyroglossal duct cysts are the second most common cause of infantile neck swelling.
They are congenital relicts of the thyroglossal duct. Diagnosis is based on clinical
examination and sonographic evaluation. Surgical resection should be planned
promptly after diagnosis to avoid complicated courses, for example, due to infection.
Thyroglossal duct fistulae arise secondarily either by spontaneous perforation during
inflammation or iatrogenically. Infection-related perforations, which are observed in
only about 11% of all cases, mainly affect patients in the first three years of life. In case
of acute infection, antibiotic treatment is recommended, followed by prompt surgical
resection after the infection has resolved
Experiences from the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak in Germany and research needs in the field, Berlin, 28–29 November 2011
This report presents the main findings from an international workshop on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), held on 28–29 November 2011, organised by the Robert Koch Institute [1]. The workshop assembled over 100 experts in clinical medicine, epidemiology, public health, microbiology, food safety, and environmental science from various countries
- …